Abstract:
:General cognitive ability (GCA) has substantial explanatory power for behavioral and health outcomes, but its cortical substrate is still not fully established. GCA is highly polygenic and research to date strongly suggests that its cortical substrate is highly polyregional. We show in map-based and region-of-interest-based analyses of adult twins that a complex cortical configuration underlies GCA. Having relatively greater surface area in evolutionary and developmentally high-expanded prefrontal, lateral temporal, and inferior parietal regions is positively correlated with GCA, whereas relatively greater surface area in low-expanded occipital, medial temporal, and motor cortices is negatively correlated with GCA. Essentially the opposite pattern holds for relative cortical thickness. The phenotypic positive-to-negative gradients in our cortical-GCA association maps were largely driven by a similar pattern of genetic associations. The patterns are consistent with regional cortical stretching whereby relatively greater surface area is related to relatively thinner cortex in high-expanded regions. Thus, the typical "bigger is better" view does not adequately capture cortical-GCA associations. Rather, cognitive ability is influenced by complex configurations of cortical development patterns that are strongly influenced by genetic factors. Optimal cognitive ability appears to be driven both by the absolute size and the polyregional configuration of the entire cortex rather than by small, circumscribed regions.
journal_name
Neuroimagejournal_title
NeuroImageauthors
Vuoksimaa E,Panizzon MS,Chen CH,Fiecas M,Eyler LT,Fennema-Notestine C,Hagler DJ Jr,Franz CE,Jak AJ,Lyons MJ,Neale MC,Rinker DA,Thompson WK,Tsuang MT,Dale AM,Kremen WSdoi
10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.01.049subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-04-01 00:00:00pages
356-366eissn
1053-8119issn
1095-9572pii
S1053-8119(16)00064-1journal_volume
129pub_type
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