Oncogenic Ras modulates p38 MAPK-mediated inflammatory cytokine production in glioblastoma cells.

Abstract:

:Inflammation is an important factor promoting the progression of glioblastoma. In the present study we examined the contribution of Ras signaling and TNFα/IL-1β cytokines to the development of the glioblastoma inflammatory microenvironment. Enhanced activation of Ras through de-regulated activation of receptor tyrosine kinases, such as EGFR, PDGFR and cMet, is a hallmark of the majority of glioblastomas. Glioblastoma microenvironment contains high levels of TNFα and IL-1β, which mediate inflammation through induction of a local network of cytokines and chemokines. While many studies have focused on Ras- and TNFα/IL-1β-driven inflammation in isolation, little is known about the co-operation between these oncogenic and microenvironment-derived stimuli. Using constitutively active HRasG12V that mimics enhanced Ras activation, we demonstrate that elevated Ras activity in glioblastoma cells leads to up-regulation of IL-6 and IL-8. Furthermore, Ras synergizes with the microenvironment-derived TNFα and IL-1β resulting in amplified IL-6/IL-8 secretion. IL-8 secretion induced by Ras and TNFα/IL-1β is attenuated by inhibitors targeting Erk, JNK and p38 MAPK pathways. IL-6 secretion significantly decreased upon inhibition of JNK and p38 MAPK pathways. Interestingly, although constitutively active HRasG12V does not increase basal or TNFα/IL-1β stimulated p38 MAPK activity, HRasG12V increased the efficacy of the p38 MAPK inhibitor SB203580 to inhibit IL-1β-induced IL-6 secretion. In summary, oncogenic Ras co-operates with the microenvironment-derived TNFα/IL-1β to sustain inflammatory microenvironment, which was effectively attenuated via inhibition of p38 MAPK signaling.

journal_name

Cancer Biol Ther

journal_title

Cancer biology & therapy

authors

Munoz L,Yeung YT,Grewal T

doi

10.1080/15384047.2016.1139249

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2016-04-02 00:00:00

pages

355-63

issue

4

eissn

1538-4047

issn

1555-8576

journal_volume

17

pub_type

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