Abstract:
:The histidine periplasmic permease of Salmonella typhimurium has been partially purified and reconstituted into proteoliposomes. In this in vitro preparation, transport activity is completely dependent on the presence of all four permease proteins (HisJ, HisQ, HisM, and HisP) and on internal ATP. The reconstituted system shows initial rates of transport that are comparable to those obtained with right-side-out membrane vesicles and it establishes a 100-fold concentration gradient for histidine. Proteoliposomes also transport histidine when GTP replaces ATP. Proteoliposomes do not catalyze significant ATP hydrolysis until histidine transport is initiated by addition of substrate along with HisJ, the water-soluble histidine-binding protein. Both initially and throughout the course of substrate transport there is a concomitant hydrolysis of ATP, with an apparent stoichiometry (ATP/histidine) of 5:1. These experiments demonstrate directly that ATP is the source of energy for periplasmic permeases, thus resolving previous controversies on this topic.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Bishop L,Agbayani R Jr,Ambudkar SV,Maloney PC,Ames GFdoi
10.1073/pnas.86.18.6953subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1989-09-01 00:00:00pages
6953-7issue
18eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
86pub_type
杂志文章abstract::To identify the metabolic pathway that generates choline (Cho) for acetylcholine (AcCho) from its storage pool in membrane phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho), human neuronal cells (LA-N-2) were radioisotopically labeled with 1-O-hexadecyl-2-hydroxy-sn-glycero(3)phospho[14C]choline. The compound was efficiently taken up by t...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.21.10086
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, we described a recurrent variant translocation, t(11;17)(q23;q21), in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) which juxtaposes PLZF, a gene encoding a zinc finger protein, to RARA, encoding retinoic acid receptor alpha (RAR alpha). We have now cloned cDNAs encoding PLZF-RAR alpha chimeric proteins and studied the...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.3.1178
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Organic matter is responsible for the generation of hydrocarbons during the thermal maturation of source rock formation. This geochemical process engenders a network of organic hosted pores that governs the flow of hydrocarbons from the organic matter to fractures created during the stimulation of production wells. Th...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1808402115
更新日期:2018-12-04 00:00:00
abstract::The endothelins (ETs) form a group of three vasoactive peptides (ET-1, ET-2, and ET-3) for which two types of cellular receptors have been identified, types A and B ET receptors (ETA and ETB receptors, respectively). To address possible targets for ETs within the liver, we isolated the four principal liver cell popula...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.90.20.9266
更新日期:1993-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::We have analyzed ligand-receptor complexes resulting from (i) the incubation of canine hepatic plasma membranes with [125I]iodoglucagon and (ii) subsequent gentle solubilization of receptor-bound ligand with digitonin. The complexes (molecular weight approximately equal to 500,000) retain the radiolabeled ligand durin...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.82.20.6835
更新日期:1985-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Arf family GTP-binding proteins are best characterized as regulators of membrane traffic, but recent studies indicate an additional role in cytoskeletal organization. An Arf GTPase-activating protein of the centaurin beta family, ASAP1 (also known as centaurin beta4), binds Arf and two other known regulators of the ac...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.070552297
更新日期:2000-04-11 00:00:00
abstract::A high density of galanin binding sites was found by using 125I-labeled galanin, iodinated by chloramine-T, followed by autoradiography in the ventral, but not in the dorsal, hippocampus of the rat. Lesions of the fimbria and of the septum caused disappearance of a major population of these binding sites, suggesting t...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.84.20.7339
更新日期:1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Better understanding myelination of peripheral nerves would benefit patients affected by peripheral neuropathies, including Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. Little is known about the role the Golgi compartment plays in Schwann cell (SC) functions. Here, we studied the role of Golgi in myelination of peripheral nerves in m...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2007432117
更新日期:2020-11-10 00:00:00
abstract::Given a collection L of n points on a sphere [Formula: see text] of surface area n, a fair allocation is a partition of the sphere into n parts each of area 1, and each is associated with a distinct point of L. We show that, if the n points are chosen uniformly at random and if the partition is defined by a certain "g...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1720804115
更新日期:2018-09-25 00:00:00
abstract::Mitochondrial DNAs were prepared from maize lines with normal cytoplasm and with the T, C, S, and EP sources of male-sterile cytoplasms. Agarose gel electrophoresis of these preparations revealed a main high-molecular-weight DNA band. In addition, the S cytoplasm was characterized by the presence of two faster migrati...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.74.7.2904
更新日期:1977-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Purified diphtheria toxin is shown to inhibit protein synthesis in Ehrlich-Lettré ascites carcinoma cells in vitro. Protein synthesis in Ehrlich-Lettré cells is at least 10,000 times more sensitive to toxin than protein synthesis in normal mouse spleen or thymus cells. This sensitivity correlates with the observation ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.71.7.2707
更新日期:1974-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The gene for cytosolic phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (GTP) [GTP:oxaloacetate carboxy-lyase (transphosphorylating), EC 4.1.1.32] from the rat was isolated from a recombinant library containing the rat genome in phage lambda Charon 4A. The isolated clone, lambda PCK1, contains the complete gene for phosphoenolpyruva...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.80.12.3656
更新日期:1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::High-resolution crystal structures of editing complexes of both duplex and single-stranded DNA bound to Escherichia coli DNA polymerase I large fragment (Klenow fragment) show four nucleotides of single-stranded DNA bound to the 3'-5' exonuclease active site and extending toward the polymerase active site. Melting of ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.85.23.8924
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Differences between early and late passage cell cultures on the organelle and macromolecular levels have been attributed to cellular "aging". However, concern has been expressed over whether changes in diploid cell populations after serial passage in vitro accurately reflect human cellular aging in vivo. Studies were ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.73.10.3584
更新日期:1976-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::3-Methylcholanthrene (MCA) skin painting rapidly induced a 100% incidence of thymic lymphomas in RF/J mice. Tumors developed exclusively in cells of the T-lymphocyte lineage and displayed the surface phenotype: Thy-1+, Lyt-1+, Lyt-2+, Qa-1+, H-2K+, H-2D+, TL-, Ig-, Ia-. This phenotype resembled that of cortisone-resis...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.81.23.7612
更新日期:1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using electron microscopy and fitting of crystal structures, we present the 3D reconstruction of ligand-induced dimers of intact receptor tyrosine kinase, KIT. We observe that KIT protomers form close contacts throughout the entire structure of ligand-bound receptor dimers, and that the dimeric receptors adopt multipl...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1323254111
更新日期:2014-02-04 00:00:00
abstract::Parinaric acid (9,11,13,15-octadecatetraenoic acid), a conjugated tetraene fatty acid, undergoes a second-order photochemical reaction in phospholipid bilayers. The reaction results in the loss of the characteristic absorption of this chromophore and the development of new absorption demonstrating the presence of a tr...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.77.1.26
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Long interspersed nuclear elements 1 (L1) are active retrotransposons that reside in many species, including humans and rodents. L1 elements produce an RNA intermediate that is reverse transcribed to DNA and inserted in a new genomic location. We have tagged an active human L1 element (L1(RP)) with a gene encoding enh...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0337627100
更新日期:2003-02-18 00:00:00
abstract::There is considerable interest in engineering plant cell wall components, particularly lignin, to improve forage quality and biomass properties for processing to fuels and bioproducts. However, modifying lignin content and/or composition in transgenic plants through down-regulation of lignin biosynthetic enzymes can i...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1914422117
更新日期:2020-02-11 00:00:00
abstract::The full primary structure of the very potent opioid peptide dynorphin, from porcine pituitary, has been determined. It is (H)Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Leu-Arg-Arg-Ile-Arg-Pro-Lys-Leu-Lys-Trp-Asp-Asn-Gln(OH). The synthetic peptide with this sequence behaves identically to natural dynorphin in a number of ways, and it has the sa...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.78.11.7219
更新日期:1981-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::How pathogenic cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) T cells in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) develop remains poorly understood. We used Nur77-a marker of T cell antigen receptor (TCR) signaling-to identify antigen-activated CD4 T cells in the SKG mouse model of autoimmune arthritis and in patients with RA. Using a fluoresce...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1904271116
更新日期:2019-09-10 00:00:00
abstract::The investigation of community structures in networks is an important issue in many domains and disciplines. This problem is relevant for social tasks (objective analysis of relationships on the web), biological inquiries (functional studies in metabolic and protein networks), or technological problems (optimization o...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0400054101
更新日期:2004-03-02 00:00:00
abstract::The majority of biological turnover of lignocellulosic biomass in nature is conducted by fungi, which commonly use Family 1 carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs) for targeting enzymes to cellulose. Family 1 CBMs are glycosylated, but the effects of glycosylation on CBM function remain unknown. Here, the effects of O-man...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1402518111
更新日期:2014-05-27 00:00:00
abstract::Bacterial regulatory small RNAs act as crucial regulators in central carbon metabolism by modulating translation initiation and degradation of target mRNAs in metabolic pathways. Here, we demonstrate that a noncoding small RNA, SdhX, is produced by RNase E-dependent processing from the 3'UTR of the sdhCDAB-sucABCD ope...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1815288116
更新日期:2019-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Partial, unilateral nigrostriatal lesions of varying severity were produced in rats by injecting graded doses of 6-hydroxydopamine into the substantia nigra. Formation of the dopamine metabolites dihydroxyphenylacetic acid and homovanillic acid in each surviving nigrostriatal neuron (estimated by the ratios of dihydro...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.77.7.4305
更新日期:1980-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cellular morphogenesis relies partly on cell polarization by the cytoskeleton. In the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, it is well established that microtubules (MTs) deliver the spatial cue Tea1, a kelch repeat protein, to the tip regions to direct the growth machinery at the cell tips driving the linear exten...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1407226111
更新日期:2014-12-16 00:00:00
abstract::Elastogenesis is a hierarchical process by which cells form functional elastic fibers, providing elasticity and the ability to regulate growth factor bioavailability in tissues, including blood vessels, lung, and skin. This process requires accessory proteins, including fibulin-4 and -5, and latent TGF binding protein...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1901048116
更新日期:2019-10-08 00:00:00
abstract::Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) control a multitude of biological processes and are therefore subjected to multiple levels of regulation. Negative feedback is one of the mechanisms that provide an effective means to control RTK-mediated signaling. Sef has recently been identified as a specific antagonist of fibroblas...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0307952100
更新日期:2004-02-03 00:00:00
abstract::Aerosols impact climate, human health, and the chemistry of the atmosphere, and aerosol pH plays a major role in the physicochemical properties of the aerosol. However, there remains uncertainty as to whether aerosols are acidic, neutral, or basic. In this research, we show that the pH of freshly emitted (nascent) sea...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2018397118
更新日期:2021-01-12 00:00:00
abstract::Clostridium difficile has rapidly emerged as the leading cause of antibiotic-associated diarrheal disease, with the transcontinental spread of various PCR ribotypes, including 001, 017, 027 and 078. However, the genetic basis for the emergence of C. difficile as a human pathogen is unclear. Whole genome sequencing was...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0914322107
更新日期:2010-04-20 00:00:00