Mutation of genes controlling mRNA metabolism and protein synthesis predisposes to neurodevelopmental disorders.

abstract：:The mitochondrial outer membrane separates the intermembrane space from the cytosol. The whole exchange of metabolites, cations and information between mitochondria and the cell occurs through the outer membrane. Experimental evidence is reviewed supporting the hypothesis of dynamic ADP compartmentation within the int...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Gellerich FN,Trumbeckaite S,Opalka JR,Seppet E,Rasmussen HN,Neuhoff C,Zierz S

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutation of the ACN1 (acetate non-utilizing 1) locus of Arabidopsis results in altered acetate assimilation into gluconeogenic sugars and anapleurotic amino acids and leads to an overall depression in primary metabolite levels by approx. 50% during seedling development. Levels of acetyl-CoA were higher in acn1 compare...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Hooks MA,Allen E,Wattis JA

更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase SGK1 is an ubiquitously expressed kinase with the ability to regulate a variety of transport systems. Recent observations point to a role of SGK1 in the regulation of diverse physiological functions such as epithelial transport and cardiac and neuronal excitability. At le...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Lang F,Vallon V,Grahammer F,Palmada M,Böhmer C

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vitamin E is an important nutrient with antioxidant and non-antioxidant functions, and certain evidence suggests that it has a cardiovascular protective role. It is therefore important to maintain an optimal vitamin E status. In the present paper, a number of MS applications to monitor vitamin E status and its interac...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Lodge JK

更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many Zn(II)2Cys6 transcriptional regulators exhibit changes in phosphorylation that are coincident with their roles in transcriptional activation. It is, however, unclear whether these changes occur as a cause of, or as a result of, transcriptional activation. In this paper, we explore the relationship between these t...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Leverentz MK,Reece RJ

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three mammalian expression systems suitable for expressing recombinant receptors have been described. Each is suited to a different aspect of the study of receptors and their behaviour. IRES-based vectors are ideal for creating stable mammalian cell lines suitable for screening receptors using a signalling readout. Un...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Rhodes AD,Bevan N,Patel K,Lee M,Rees S

更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Colon cancer in humans is influenced by both genetic and dietary risk factors. The majority of colon cancers have somatic mutations in the APC (adenomatous polyposis coli) tumour-suppressor gene. Dietary arginine enhances the risk of APC-dependent colon carcinogenesis in mouse models by a mechanism involving NOS2 (nit...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Gerner EW

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human adipose tissue has an important protein secretory function. Cytokines, hormones, prohormones and enzymes are secreted from fat cells and act in an endocrine or paracrine fashion. The production of several of these proteins is affected by obesity; normally there is an increase in the obese state. Protein producti...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Arner P

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Trim25 is a member of the tripartite motif family of E3 ubiquitin ligases. It plays major roles in innate immunity and defence against viral infection, control of cell proliferation and migration of cancer cells. Recent work identified Trim25 as being able to bind to RNA and to regulate Lin28a-mediated uridylation of ...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Heikel G,Choudhury NR,Michlewski G

更新日期：2016-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Fibrotic disorders of the liver, kidney and lung are associated with excessive deposition of extracellular matrix proteins and ongoing coagulation-cascade activity. In addition to their critical roles in blood coagulation, thrombin and the immediate upstream coagulation proteases, Factors Xa and VIIa, influence numero...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Chambers RC,Laurent GJ

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Golgi complex (GC) has an essential role in the processing and sorting of proteins and lipids. The GC of mammalian cells is composed of stacks of cisternae connected by membranous tubules to create a continuous network, the Golgi ribbon, whose maintenance requires several core and accessory proteins. Despite this ...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Ayala I,Mascanzoni F,Colanzi A

更新日期：2020-02-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Molecular, biochemical and genetic characterization of ornithine decarboxylase, S -adenosylmethionine decarboxylase and spermidine synthase establishes that these polyamine-biosynthetic enzymes are essential for growth and survival of the agents that cause African sleeping sickness, Chagas' disease, leishmaniasis and ...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Heby O,Roberts SC,Ullman B

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To investigate the roles of the PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homologue deleted from chromosome 10)/PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase) signalling pathway in vivo, we have generated a series of mutant mice with null or tissue-specific gene-targeted deletions of Pten. Here we present our investigations of Pten function in ...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Suzuki A,Sasaki T,Mak TW,Nakano T

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:JNK (c-Jun N-terminal kinase) is a member of the MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) family that regulates a range of biological processes implicated in tumorigenesis and neurodegenerative disorders. For example, genetic studies have demonstrated that the removal of specific Jnk genes can reduce neuronal death ass...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Davies C,Tournier C

更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The structural maintenance of chromosomes hinge domain containing protein 1 (SMCHD1) is a large multidomain protein involved in epigenetic gene silencing. Variations in the SMCHD1 gene are associated with two debilitating human disorders, facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) and Bosma arhinia microphthalmia s...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Gurzau AD,Blewitt ME,Czabotar PE,Murphy JM,Birkinshaw RW

更新日期：2020-08-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The control of the intracellular localization of NCS (neuronal calcium sensor) proteins is of importance for their ability to respond appropriately to differing calcium signals. We examine the localization of three NCS proteins: NCS-1, KChIP-1 (potassium-channel-interacting protein 1) and hippocalcin. Additionally, th...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： O'Callaghan DW,Burgoyne RD

更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An extraordinary array of P450 (cytochrome P450) enzymes are encoded on the genome of the human pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and in related mycobacteria and actinobacteria. These include the first characterized sterol 14alpha-demethylase P450 (CYP51), a known target for azole and triazole drugs in yeasts ...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： McLean KJ,Dunford AJ,Sabri M,Neeli R,Girvan HM,Balding PR,Leys D,Seward HE,Marshall KR,Munro AW

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In order to achieve greater selectivity in drug discovery, researchers in both academia and industry are targeting cell regulatory systems. This often involves targeting the protein-protein interactions of regulatory multiprotein assemblies. Protein-protein interfaces are widely recognized to be challenging targets as...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Abdel-Rahman N,Martinez-Arias A,Blundell TL

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from pancreatic beta-cells requires the kinesin-1/Kif5B-mediated transport of insulin granules along microtubules. 5'-AMPK (5'-AMP-activated protein kinase) is a heterotrimeric serine/threonine kinase which is activated in beta-cells at low glucose concentrations, but inhibited as ...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： McDonald A,Fogarty S,Leclerc I,Hill EV,Hardie DG,Rutter GA

更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanical function and the collagen phenotype of the disc are complex, each a hybrid of elements of ligament and cartilage. In detail, the collagen properties are unique. Collagens I and II provide the bulk of the tissue fabric interwoven in opposing radial concentration gradients. From analysis of isolated cross...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Eyre DR,Matsui Y,Wu JJ

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many proteins self-assemble to form large supramolecular complexes. Numerous examples of these structures have been characterized, ranging from spherical viruses to tubular protein assemblies. Some new kinds of supramolecular structures are just coming to light, while it is likely there are others that have not yet be...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Yeates TO,Tsai Y,Tanaka S,Sawaya MR,Kerfeld CA

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:XRCC4 (X-ray cross-complementation group 4) and XLF (XRCC4-like factor) are two essential interacting proteins in the human NHEJ (non-homologous end-joining) pathway that repairs DNA DSBs (double-strand breaks). The individual crystal structures show that the dimeric proteins are homologues with protomers containing h...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Wu Q,Ochi T,Matak-Vinkovic D,Robinson CV,Chirgadze DY,Blundell TL

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Complex brains have developed specialized mechanisms for the grouping of principal cells into temporal coalitions of local or distant networks: the inhibitory interneuron 'clocking' networks. They consist of GABAergic (where GABA is gamma-aminobutyric acid) interneurons of a rich diversity. In cortical circuits, these...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Möhler H

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The short consensus/complement repeat (SCR) domain (also known as the complement control protein domain) is the most abundant domain type in the complement system. Crystal and NMR structures for proteins that contain single and multiple SCR domains have now been published. These contain inter-SCR linkers of between th...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Perkins SJ,Gilbert HE,Aslam M,Hannan J,Holers VM,Goodship TH

更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The SERCA (sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase) is probably the most extensively studied membrane protein transporter. There is a vast array of diverse inhibitors for the Ca2+ pump, and many have proved significant in helping to elucidate both the mechanism of transport and gaining conformational structures...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Michelangeli F,East JM

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prelamin A is the precursor protein of lamin A, a major constituent of the nuclear lamina in higher eukaryotes. Increasing attention to prelamin A processing and function has been given after the discovery, from 2002 to 2004, of diseases caused by prelamin A accumulation. These diseases, belonging to the group of lami...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Lattanzi G

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Modulation of traits beneficial for cultivation and yield is one of the main goals of crop improvement. One of the targets for enhancing productivity is changing the architecture of inflorescences since in many species it determines fruit and seed yield. Inflorescence shape and organization is genetically established ...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Caselli F,Zanarello F,Kater MM,Battaglia R,Gregis V

更新日期：2020-06-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The Rho/Rop small GTPase regulatory module is central for initiating exocytotically ACDs (active cortical domains) in plant cell cortex, and a growing array of Rop regulators and effectors are being discovered in plants. Structural membrane phospholipids are important constituents of cells as well as signals, and phos...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Zárský V,Potocký M

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Frequent subversion of the PI3K (phosphoinositide 3-kinase) pathway during neoplastic transformation contributes to several hallmarks of cancer that result in a competitive advantage for cancer cells. Deregulation of this pathway can be the result of genomic alterations such as PIK3CA mutation, PTEN (phosphatase and t...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Leroy C,Amante RJ,Bentires-Alj M

更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The inositol-depletion hypothesis was suggested to explain the therapeutic mechanism of mood-stabilizing drugs. Focus was previously on the phosphatidylinositol signalling pathway and on the regulatory roles of Ins(3,4,5)P(3) and DAG (diacylglycerol). Recent findings indicate that inositol and inositol-containing mole...

journal_title：Biochemical Society transactions

authors： Deranieh RM,Greenberg ML

更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00