Abstract:
:A primary justification for dedicating substantial amounts of research funding to large-scale cancer genomics projects of both somatic and germline DNA is that the biological insights will lead to new treatment targets and strategies for cancer therapy. While it is too early to judge the success of these projects in terms of clinical breakthroughs, an alternative rationale is that new genomics techniques can be used to reduce the overall burden of cancer by prevention of new cases occurring and also by detecting them earlier. In particular, it is now becoming apparent that studying the genomic profile of tumors can help to identify new carcinogens and may subsequently result in implementing strategies that limit exposure. In parallel, it may be feasible to utilize genomic biomarkers to identify cancers at an earlier and more treatable stage using screening or other early detection approaches based on prediagnostic biospecimens. While the potential for these techniques is large, their successful outcome will depend on international collaboration and planning similar to that of recent sequencing initiatives.
journal_name
PLoS Genetjournal_title
PLoS geneticsauthors
Brennan P,Wild CPdoi
10.1371/journal.pgen.1005522subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-11-05 00:00:00pages
e1005522issue
11eissn
1553-7390issn
1553-7404pii
PGENETICS-D-15-01296journal_volume
11pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
PLoS Genetics文献大全abstract::Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a form of inherited mental retardation in humans that results from expansion of a CGG repeat in the Fmr1 gene. Recent studies suggest a role of astrocytes in neuronal development. However, the mechanisms involved in the regulation process of astrocytes from FXS remain unclear. In this study...
journal_title:PLoS genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1003172
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Drosophila testis is a well-established system for studying stem cell self-renewal and competition. In this tissue, the niche supports two stem cell populations, germ line stem cells (GSCs), which give rise to sperm, and somatic stem cells called cyst stem cells (CySCs), which support GSCs and their descendants. I...
journal_title:PLoS genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1005815
更新日期:2016-01-25 00:00:00
abstract::Most genetic variants associated with disease occur within regulatory regions of the genome, underscoring the importance of defining the mechanisms underlying differences in regulation of gene expression between individuals. We discovered a pair of co-regulated, divergently oriented transcripts, AQY2 and ncFRE6, that ...
journal_title:PLoS genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1005746
更新日期:2016-01-11 00:00:00
abstract::Biogenesis of mammalian mitochondrial ribosomes requires a concerted maturation of both the small (SSU) and large subunit (LSU). We demonstrate here that the m(5)C methyltransferase NSUN4, which forms a complex with MTERF4, is essential in mitochondrial ribosomal biogenesis as mitochondrial translation is abolished in...
journal_title:PLoS genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1004110
更新日期:2014-02-06 00:00:00
abstract::Mutations in the gene encoding transcription factor TFAP2A result in pigmentation anomalies in model organisms and premature hair graying in humans. However, the pleiotropic functions of TFAP2A and its redundantly-acting paralogs have made the precise contribution of TFAP2-type activity to melanocyte differentiation u...
journal_title:PLoS genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1006636
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hallmark of canonical Wnt signaling is the transcriptional induction of Wnt target genes by the beta-catenin/TCF complex. Several studies have proposed alternative interaction partners for beta-catenin or TCF, but the relevance of potential bifurcations in the distal Wnt pathway remains unclear. Here we study on a...
journal_title:PLoS genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1006700
更新日期:2017-04-03 00:00:00
abstract::The abundance and identity of functional variation segregating in natural populations is paramount to dissecting the molecular basis of quantitative traits as well as human genetic diseases. Genome sequencing of multiple organisms of the same species provides an efficient means of cataloging rearrangements, insertion,...
journal_title:PLoS genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1000183
更新日期:2008-08-29 00:00:00
abstract::Long interspersed nuclear element-1s (LINE-1s, or L1s) are an active family of retrotransposable elements that continue to mutate mammalian genomes. Despite the large contribution of L1 to mammalian genome evolution, we do not know where active L1 particles (particles in the process of retrotransposition) are located ...
journal_title:PLoS genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1006837
更新日期:2017-06-06 00:00:00
abstract::Positive Transcription Elongation Factor b (P-TEFb) is a kinase consisting of Cdk9 and Cyclin T that releases RNA Polymerase II (Pol II) into active elongation. It can assemble into a larger Super Elongation Complex (SEC) consisting of additional elongation factors. Here, we use a miRNA-based approach to knock down th...
journal_title:PLoS genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1004971
更新日期:2015-02-13 00:00:00
abstract::Sleep is a nearly universal behavior that is regulated by diverse environmental stimuli and physiological states. A defining feature of sleep is a homeostatic rebound following deprivation, where animals compensate for lost sleep by increasing sleep duration and/or sleep depth. The fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, ...
journal_title:PLoS genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1008270
更新日期:2020-03-11 00:00:00
abstract::Most Cryptococccus neoformans genes are interrupted by introns, and alternative splicing occurs very often. In this study, we examined the influence of introns on C. neoformans gene expression. For most tested genes, elimination of introns greatly reduces mRNA accumulation. Strikingly, the number and the position of i...
journal_title:PLoS genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1003686
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monospermic fertilization is mediated by the extracellular zona pellucida composed of ZP1, ZP2 and ZP3. Sperm bind to the N-terminus of ZP2 which is cleaved after fertilization by ovastacin (encoded by Astl) exocytosed from egg cortical granules to prevent sperm binding. AstlNull mice lack the post-fertilization block...
journal_title:PLoS genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1006580
更新日期:2017-01-23 00:00:00
abstract::In enterobacteria, the Rcs system (Regulator of capsule synthesis) monitors envelope integrity and induces a stress response when damages occur in the outer membrane or in the peptidoglycan layer. Built around a two-component system, Rcs controls gene expression via a cascade of phosphoryl transfer reactions. Being pa...
journal_title:PLoS genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1007398
更新日期:2018-05-31 00:00:00
abstract::Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women in developed countries, and the contribution of genetic susceptibility to breast cancer development has been well-recognized. However, a great proportion of these hereditary predisposing factors still remain unidentified. To examine the contribution of rare copy number ...
journal_title:PLoS genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1002734
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::North African populations are distinct from sub-Saharan Africans based on cultural, linguistic, and phenotypic attributes; however, the time and the extent of genetic divergence between populations north and south of the Sahara remain poorly understood. Here, we interrogate the multilayered history of North Africa by ...
journal_title:PLoS genetics
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1002397
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enterobacter sp. 638 is an endophytic plant growth promoting gamma-proteobacterium that was isolated from the stem of poplar (Populus trichocarpaxdeltoides cv. H11-11), a potentially important biofuel feed stock plant. The Enterobacter sp. 638 genome sequence reveals the presence of a 4,518,712 bp chromosome and a 157...
journal_title:PLoS genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1000943
更新日期:2010-05-13 00:00:00
abstract::Introduction of DNA sequences into the genome often results in homology-dependent gene silencing in organisms as diverse as plants, fungi, flies, nematodes, and mammals. We previously showed in Cryptococcus neoformans that a repeat transgene array can induce gene silencing at a high frequency during mating (∼50%), but...
journal_title:PLoS genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1002885
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Allele age has long been a focus of population genetic research, primarily because it can be an important clue to the fitness effects of an allele. By virtue of their effects on fitness, alleles under directional selection are expected to be younger than neutral alleles of the same frequency. We developed a new coales...
journal_title:PLoS genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1008340
更新日期:2019-08-19 00:00:00
abstract::The Ku complex binds non-specifically to DNA breaks and ensures repair via NHEJ. However, Ku is also known to bind directly to telomeric DNA ends and its presence there is associated with telomere capping, but avoiding NHEJ. How the complex discriminates between a DNA break and a telomeric extremity remains unknown. O...
journal_title:PLoS genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1006479
更新日期:2016-12-08 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic disruption of the dystrophin complex produces muscular dystrophy characterized by a fragile muscle plasma membrane leading to excessive muscle degeneration. Two genetic modifiers of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy implicate the transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) pathway, osteopontin encoded by the SPP1 gene and l...
journal_title:PLoS genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1007070
更新日期:2017-10-24 00:00:00
abstract::The Caenorhabditis elegans left and right AWC olfactory neurons communicate to establish stochastic asymmetric identities, AWC(ON) and AWC(OFF), by inhibiting a calcium-mediated signaling pathway in the future AWC(ON) cell. NSY-4/claudin-like protein and NSY-5/innexin gap junction protein are the two parallel signals ...
journal_title:PLoS genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1002864
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epigenetic reprogramming is a critical event in the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Here, we determined the DNA methylation profiles of 22 human iPSC lines derived from five different cell types (human endometrium, placental artery endothelium, amnion, fetal lung fibroblast, and menstrual blood c...
journal_title:PLoS genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1002085
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Malaria parasites follow a complex life cycle that consists of multiple stages that span from the human host to the mosquito vector. Among the species causing malaria, Plasmodium falciparum is the most lethal, with clinical symptoms manifesting during the intraerythrocytic developmental cycle (IDC). During the IDC, P....
journal_title:PLoS genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1008506
更新日期:2019-12-19 00:00:00
abstract::5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine, approved by the FDA for the treatment of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), is incorporated into the DNA of dividing cells where it specifically inhibits DNA methylation by forming covalent complexes with the DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs). In an effort to study the correlations between DNA methyl...
journal_title:PLoS genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1002604
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins (B-lps) are essential for the transport of hydrophobic dietary and endogenous lipids through the circulation in vertebrates. Zebrafish embryos produce large numbers of B-lps in the yolk syncytial layer (YSL) to move lipids from yolk to growing tissues. Disruptions in B-lp produ...
journal_title:PLoS genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1008941
更新日期:2020-08-06 00:00:00
abstract::Despite the well-documented role of remote enhancers in controlling developmental gene expression, the mechanisms that allocate enhancers to genes are poorly characterized. Here, we investigate the cis-regulatory organization of the locus containing the Tfap2c and Bmp7 genes in vivo, using a series of engineered chrom...
journal_title:PLoS genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1004897
更新日期:2015-01-08 00:00:00
abstract::Class-switch recombination (CSR), induced by activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID), can be divided into two phases: DNA cleavage of the switch (S) regions and the joining of the cleaved ends of the different S regions. Here, we show that the DSIF complex (Spt4 and Spt5), a transcription elongation factor, is req...
journal_title:PLoS genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1002675
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most of the somatic cells of adult metazoans, including mammals, do not undergo continuous cycles of replication. Instead, they are quiescent and devote most of their metabolic activity to gene expression. The mutagenic consequences of exposure to DNA-damaging agents are well documented, but less is known about the im...
journal_title:PLoS genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1000577
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The molecular clock of neutral mutations, which represents linear mutation fixation over generations, is theoretically explained by genetic drift in fitness-steady evolution or hitchhiking in adaptive evolution. The present study is the first experimental demonstration for the molecular clock of neutral mutations in a...
journal_title:PLoS genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1005392
更新日期:2015-07-15 00:00:00
abstract::Systems biology approaches that are based on the genetics of gene expression have been fruitful in identifying genetic regulatory loci related to complex traits. We use microarray and genetic marker data from an F2 mouse intercross to examine the large-scale organization of the gene co-expression network in liver, and...
journal_title:PLoS genetics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.0020130
更新日期:2006-08-18 00:00:00