Evolutionary well-conserved region in the signal peptide of parathyroid hormone-related protein is critical for its dual localization through the regulation of ER translocation.

Abstract:

:Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) has two different targeting signals: an N-terminal signal peptide for the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) targeting and an internal nuclear localization signal. The protein not only functions as a secretory protein, but is also found in the nucleus and/or nucleolus under certain conditions. PTHrP signal peptide is less hydrophobic than most signal peptides mainly due to its evolutionarily well-conserved region (QQWS). The substitution of four tandem leucine residues for this conserved region resulted in a significant inhibition of the signal peptide cleavage. At the same time, proportion of nuclear and/or nucleolar localization decreased, probably due to tethering of the protein to the ER membrane by the uncleaved mutant signal peptide. Almost complete cleavage of the signal peptide accompanied by a lack of nuclear/nucleolar localization was achieved by combining the hydrophobic h-region and an optimized sequence of the cleavage site. In addition, mutational modifications of the distribution of charged residues in and around the signal peptide affect its cleavage and/or nuclear/nucleolar localization of the protein. These results indicate that the well-conserved region in the signal peptide plays an essential role in the dual localization of PTHrP through ER targeting and/or the membrane translocation.

journal_name

J Biochem

journal_title

Journal of biochemistry

authors

Amaya Y,Nakai T,Miura S

doi

10.1093/jb/mvv111

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2016-04-01 00:00:00

pages

393-406

issue

4

eissn

0021-924X

issn

1756-2651

pii

mvv111

journal_volume

159

pub_type

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