Abstract：
:Three models of inducing spinal trauma in experimental animals--weight-dropping model, severance-by-knife model, and laceration-type-lesions model--are reviewed critically. Contributions by these models in understanding paraplegia in anatomical and pathological terms are brought out. Important distinctions between subthreshold traumas vs. threshold and suprathreshold traumas, transient and permanent paraplegic syndrome, and regeneration of served axonal fibers vs. prevention of development of permanent paraplegia, are stressed while evaluating each model of spinal trauma. Conceptual contributions by these three models and their bearing on the potential clinical applications are discussed.
journal_name
Brain Res Bulljournal_title
Brain research bulletinauthors
Das GDdoi
10.1016/0361-9230(89)90123-8subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1989-01-01 00:00:00pages
7-32issue
1eissn
0361-9230issn
1873-2747pii
0361-9230(89)90123-8journal_volume
22pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Proneuropeptide Y (proNPY) is posttranslationally processed to NPY(1-36)amide and the C-terminal flanking peptide of NPY (CPON). Antisera directed against the N-terminal part of NPY, CPON, or CysNPY(32-36)amide were used to identify peptide fragments processed from proNPY in biopsies of human frontal cortical specimen...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(93)90235-4
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The primary objective of this study was to determine whether pretreatment with kappa- and delta-opioid agonists potentiates naltrexone-induced suppression of water consumption following 24h of deprivation. This study also examined the temporal effects of agonist-induced antinociception using the tail-flick and hot-pla...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2008.04.002
更新日期：2008-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The influence of nodose ganglionectomy or transection of the peripheral branches of the afferent vagus nerve on choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity in the nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) was studied. ChAT activity was reduced in the microdissected caudal and intermediate portions of the NTS in vagotomized as we...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(83)90139-9
更新日期：1983-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In previous studies we have demonstrated that spinal motoneurons in the adult cat can regenerate CNS-type axons through CNS scar tissue into denervated ventral roots. This scar tissue, which appears to support and sustain the growth of injured CNS axons, has been shown to have a persistent defect in the blood-brain ba...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(93)90272-d
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Theories pertaining to the "why" of motion sickness are in short supply relative to those detailing the "how." Considering the profoundly disturbing and dysfunctional symptoms of motion sickness, it is difficult to conceive of why this condition is so strongly biologically based in humans and most other mammalian and ...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2009.09.017
更新日期：2010-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Although originally developed as a research tool for studying glial-glial and glial-axonal interactions, the technique of transplanting glial cell into the central nervous system has more recently been employed as a potential means for repairing persistent demyelination in clinical disease. It has now been clearly est...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0361-9230(01)00765-1
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Seven benzodiazepine-receptor ligands of the beta-carbolines' group were administered IP in Wistar rats from (1) a strain displaying spontaneous petit mal-like seizures (PMLS) characterized by spike and wave discharges (SWD) and, (2) a strain where no seizure is ever observed (NS). Five different types of effects were...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(87)90101-8
更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human autopsy brain tissue is widely used to study neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's, Parkinson's and other diseases. However, when it comes to an evaluation of data obtained from such tissue, it is essential to consider potential postmortem effects on protein composition, posttranslational modification a...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2016.01.005
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Reserpine depletes dopamine (DA) levels and increases tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activity in the rat corpus striatum. TH is activated not only by enhancement of DA neuronal impulse flow, but also by cessation of impulse flow. To assist in the understanding of the relative contribution of impulse flow to the regulation ...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0361-9230(81)80037-8
更新日期：1981-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The two experiments of the present study examined the influence of bilateral electrophysiologically-guided ibotenic acid lesions of the medial (gustatory) and lateral (viscerosensory) subdivisions of the parabrachial nucleus (PBN) on lipoprivic feeding and on the acquisition of a conditioned taste aversion. In Experim...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0361-9230(02)00766-9
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To investigate the direct actions of neurotropin (NSP, a nonproteinaceous extract from inflamed skin of rabbits which is in therapeutic use), intracellular recordings were made from neurons of the ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus (VMH) and lateral hypothalamic area (LHA) in slices of guinea pig brain. In the VMH, NSP...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(92)90144-m
更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Excised lateral eye retinular cells of Limulus polyphemus exposed to chlorobutanol were examined using microelectrode techniques. The effects observed were: (1) a marked shortening of the receptor potential latent period; (2) a decrease in the effective input resistance of retinular cells to hyperpolariziog currents; ...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(77)90038-7
更新日期：1977-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Schizophrenia (SZ) is a common and severe psychiatric disorder with both environmental and genetic risk factors, and a high heritability. After over 20 years of molecular genetics research, new molecular strategies, primarily genome-wide association studies (GWAS), have generated major tangible progress. This new data...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2010.04.009
更新日期：2010-09-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Although interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is a prototypical pro-inflammatory cytokine, the specific mechanisms underlying the role of its cognate receptor, the interleukin-1 receptor (IL-1R) in peripheral sensitization remain to be investigated. Since emerging evidence in the literature indicates that IL-1β can modulate membran...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2017.01.019
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The gonadotropin-releasing hormone-associated peptide (GAP) and luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LHRH) portions of the LHRH precursor were localized by immunocytochemistry in prepubertal female rats, in adult female rats at different stages of the estrous cycle, and in ovariectomized rats. Our results indicate t...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(88)90082-2
更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review focuses on the maturation of brain white-matter, as revealed by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging carried out in healthy subjects. The review begins with a brief description of the nature of the MR signal and its possible biological underpinnings, and proceeds with a description of MR findings obtained in ne...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0361-9230(00)00434-2
更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Genetic analysis aims to identify the variations in DNA sequence whose functional consequences produce heritable variations in phenotype. In one of the first successes of unbiased molecular genetic analysis in human disease, the Huntington's disease (HD) gene was mapped and cloned without any prior knowledge of the na...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2006.10.014
更新日期：2007-04-30 00:00:00
abstract：:A cDNA for Drosophila choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) was expressed in E. coli and the recombinant enzyme partially purified. Kinetic analysis yielded the following constants for the recombinant enzyme; KmAcCoA = 29 microM, KmCoA = 25 microM, Kmcholine = 330 microM, and Kmacetylcholine = 2 mM. The recombinant Drosoph...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(90)90295-b
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of unilateral cortical spreading depression (CSD) on feeding, drinking and other behaviors were studied in rats. CSD waves were elicited by a microinjection of KC1 solution through an implanted cannula. The animal's behavior and slow potential changes (SPC) accompanying CSD were then simultaneously monitor...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(78)90108-9
更新日期：1978-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha, 2.0 x 10(4) units) was bilaterally microinjected into the medial preoptic area and anterior hypothalamus in conscious rats treated 10 min prior with an opioid receptor antagonist, naloxone (NLX, 2 mg/kg, IM) or a prostaglandin synthetase inhibitor, acetaminophen (ACAP, 25 mg/kg, IM). The I...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(94)00259-2
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules in the central nervous system form highly organized ECM structures around cell somata, axon initial segments, and synapses and play prominent roles in early development by guiding cell migration, neurite outgrowth and synaptogenesis, and by regulating closure of the critical period...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2017.03.003
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rats were injected unilaterally into the rostral substantia nigra pars compacta with 8 micron of 6-OHDA. Those animals that conformed to be behavioral criteria for an effective nigrostriatal dopamine lesion by turning ipsilaterally to the injected side upon IP amphetamine, and contralaterally upon apomorphine injectio...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0361-9230(81)80042-1
更新日期：1981-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diabetic encephalopathy has recently been recognized late complication of diabetes resulting in progressive cognitive deficits. Emerging evidence has indicated that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated apoptosis is involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic eye and kidney as well as non-diabetic neurodegeneration....
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2014.12.006
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of changes in ambient and central temperature, amines, PGEu and pyrogen were investigated with respect to the mechanism of Na+-Ca++ ratio in the posterior hypothalamus of the unrestrained cat. Guide tubes were implanted bilaterally above the posterior hypothalamic area of 23 cats so as to accommodate push-...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(76)90102-7
更新日期：1976-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Blood-brain barrier permeability (BBB) to the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) was studied in rats following intraperitoneal (i.p) injections of GABA alone and in combination with L-Arginine (L-Arg). Administration of GABA (600 mg/kg body weight [b. wt.]) alone increased brain GABA concentra...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0361-9230(01)00755-9
更新日期：2002-01-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Constant light exposure (LL) can result in "splitting" of circadian rhythms into two components coupled about 12 hr apart. Splitting has been interpreted as evidence for the presence of two main oscillators or groups of oscillators underlying circadian rhythms. Abolition of splitting after unilateral suprachiasmatic n...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(90)90164-u
更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study examined whether the induction of scent marking behavior and grooming of the flank gland region by injection of arginine-vasopressin (AVP) or oxytocin (OXY) into the anterior hypothalamus-medial preoptic area (AH-MPOA) required the presence of the flank glands. The flank glands were surgically remove...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(86)90242-x
更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A reduction in nerve conduction velocity and an increase in resistance to ischemic conduction failure are early signs of neural dysfunction in both diabetic patients and animal models of diabetes. The effect of Bimoclomol (BRLP-42), a drug under clinical development for the treatment of diabetic complications, on expe...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0361-9230(97)00118-4
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Autophagy is the lysosome-mediated bulk degradation of cellular components for material recycling to maintain cellular homeostasis. Autophagy was initially regarded as a nonselective process, however, recent evidence indicates that this process can in fact be highly selective, especially for targeting and degrading or...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.brainresbull.2017.11.009
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Waxing and waning electrographic responses (augmenting) and primary evoked responses could be induced in restricted regions of hippocampus, thalamus, and skeletal muscle by bipolar, low-frequency (7-10 Hz), low-amplitude (35 mV-4V) stimulation of selected sites within the hippocampus or thalamus of rabbits. Induction ...
journal_title：Brain research bulletin
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0361-9230(77)90003-x
更新日期：1977-03-01 00:00:00
