Abstract:
:Sex differences in behaviour extend to cognitive-like processes such as learning, but the underlying dimorphisms in neural circuit development and organization that generate these behavioural differences are largely unknown. Here we define at the single-cell level-from development, through neural circuit connectivity, to function-the neural basis of a sex-specific learning in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. We show that sexual conditioning, a form of associative learning, requires a pair of male-specific interneurons whose progenitors are fully differentiated glia. These neurons are generated during sexual maturation and incorporated into pre-exisiting sex-shared circuits to couple chemotactic responses to reproductive priorities. Our findings reveal a general role for glia as neural progenitors across metazoan taxa and demonstrate that the addition of sex-specific neuron types to brain circuits during sexual maturation is an important mechanism for the generation of sexually dimorphic plasticity in learning.
journal_name
Naturejournal_title
Natureauthors
Sammut M,Cook SJ,Nguyen KCQ,Felton T,Hall DH,Emmons SW,Poole RJ,Barrios Adoi
10.1038/nature15700subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-10-15 00:00:00pages
385-390issue
7573eissn
0028-0836issn
1476-4687journal_volume
526pub_type
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