Abstract：
:Quick inhibition of approach tendencies in response to signals of potential threats is thought to promote survival. However, little is known about the effect of viewing fearful expressions on the early dynamics of the human motor system. We used the high temporal resolution of single-pulse and paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) over the motor cortex to assess corticospinal excitability (CSE) and intracortical facilitation (ICF) during observation of happy, fearful and neutral body postures. To test motor circuits involved in approach tendencies, CSE and ICF were recorded from the first dorsal interosseous (FDI), a muscle involved in grasping, and the abductor pollicis brevis (APB), which served as a control. To test early motor dynamics, CSE and ICF were measured 70-90 ms after stimulus onset. We found a selective reduction in CSE in the FDI when participants observed fearful body expressions. No changes in ICF or in the excitability of APB were detected. Our study establishes an extremely rapid motor system reaction to observed fearful body expressions. This motor modulation involves corticospinal downstream projections but not cortical excitatory mechanisms, and appears to reflect an inhibition of hand grasping. Our results suggest a fast visuo-motor route that may rapidly inhibit inappropriate approaching actions.
journal_name
Sci Repjournal_title
Scientific reportsauthors
Borgomaneri S,Vitale F,Avenanti Adoi
10.1038/srep14122subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-09-21 00:00:00pages
14122issn
2045-2322pii
srep14122journal_volume
5pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The theoretical optimal olfactory search strategy is to move cross-wind. Empirical evidence supporting wind-associated directionality among carnivores, however, is sparse. We examined satellite-linked telemetry movement data of adult female polar bears (Ursus maritimus) from Hudson Bay, Canada, in relation to modelled...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep46332
更新日期：2017-04-12 00:00:00
abstract：:Nanofabrication has seen an increasing demand for applications in many fields of science and technology, but its production still requires relatively difficult, time-consuming, and expensive processes. Here we report a simple but very effective one dimensional (1D) nano-patterning technology that suggests a new nanofa...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep18892
更新日期：2016-01-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Memory performance results from plasticity, the ability to change with experience. We show that benefit from practice over a few trials, learning slope, is predictive of long-term recall and hippocampal volume across a broad age range and a long period of time, relates to memory training benefit, and is heritable. Fir...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-020-78225-1
更新日期：2020-12-03 00:00:00
abstract：:In this paper, a multi-band metal-insulator-metal (MIM) perfect absorber with refractive index sensing capability has been investigated in near-infrared region. The proposed structure has been studied for biomedical applications such as detection of solution of glucose in water, diagnosis of different stages of malari...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-020-63459-w
更新日期：2020-04-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Subduction requires the permanent generation of a bend fold in the subducting slab which mechanics is not well understood. Lithospheric bending of subducting slabs was traditionally considered to be accommodated by orthogonal flexure, generating extensional outer rise earthquakes responsible of the external arc elonga...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-018-19682-7
更新日期：2018-01-22 00:00:00
abstract：:The transition to agriculture was a key event in human history. The extent to which this transition is associated with biological changes in different world regions remains debated. Cultural and osteological records in Lower Nubia throughout the Holocene have been interpreted as a result of in situ differentiation or ...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep31040
更新日期：2016-08-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Haemonchus contortus is arguably the most injurious helminth parasite for small ruminants. We characterized the impact of H. contortus infection on the caprine abomasal microbiome. Fourteen parasite naive goats were inoculated with 5,000 H. contortus infective larvae and followed for 50 days. Six age-matched naïve goa...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep20606
更新日期：2016-02-08 00:00:00
abstract：:Plants experience a highly variable light environment over the course of the day. To reveal the molecular mechanisms of their photosynthetic response to fluctuating light, we examined the role of two cyclic electron flows around photosystem I (CEF-PSI)--one depending on PROTON GRADIENT REGULATION 5 (PGR5) and one on N...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep20147
更新日期：2016-02-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Histone deacetylases (HDACs) can enzymatically transferred acetyl functional group from protein or lysine residues of histone, so they can regulate the expression of lots of genes. Now HDACs are used as drug targets and many HDAC inhibitors (HDACis) were approved for cancer therapy or in clinical trials. However, the ...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-019-39487-6
更新日期：2019-02-20 00:00:00
abstract：:In this work, we use exact matrix diagonalization to explore the many-body localization (MBL) transitions in quantum Ising chains with disordered nearest-neighbour couplings, disordered next-nearest-neighbour couplings and disordered external fields. It is demonstrated that the fidelity can be used to characterize the...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-017-00660-4
更新日期：2017-04-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Rats are effective model animals and have contributed to the development of human medicine and basic research. However, the application of reproductive engineering techniques to rats is not as advanced compared with mice, and genome editing in rats has not been achieved using embryos obtained by in vitro fertilization...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-019-47964-1
更新日期：2019-08-09 00:00:00
abstract：:FcRn mediates recycling and transcytosis of IgG and albumin in various cell types. The MHC-class-I-like protein of the FcRn heterodimer is encoded by FCGRT. Few determinants of variable FCGRT expression in humans have been identified so far. In this study, we investigated the presence of DNA methylation in regulatory ...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-019-45203-1
更新日期：2019-06-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Optical antennas can be used to manipulate the direction and polarization of radiation from an emitter. Usually, these metallic nanostructures utilize localized plasmon resonances to generate highly directional and strongly polarized emission, which is determined predominantly by the antenna geometry alone, and is thu...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep06456
更新日期：2014-09-24 00:00:00
abstract：:In this retrospective study, we investigated the impact of diabetes mellitus (DM) on patients with head and neck cancer (HNC) undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). We analyzed the demographic and clinical characteristics, treatment tolerance, and toxicities of patients with HNC undergoing primary or adjuvant...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-020-64844-1
更新日期：2020-05-07 00:00:00
abstract：:This corrects the article DOI: 10.1038/srep18803. ...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 已发布勘误
doi：10.1038/srep46987
更新日期：2018-05-22 00:00:00
abstract：:We study a minimal model of the stress-driven p53 regulatory network that includes competition between active and mutant forms of the tumor-suppressor gene p53. Depending on the nature and level of the external stress signal, four distinct dynamical states of p53 are observed. These states can be distinguished by diff...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-021-82054-1
更新日期：2021-01-27 00:00:00
abstract：:Thymocyte and T cell trafficking relies on signals initiated by G-protein coupled receptors. To address the importance of the G-proteins Gαi2 and Gαi3 in thymocyte and T cell function, we developed several mouse models. Gαi2 deficiency in hematopoietic progenitors led to a small thymus, a double negative (DN)1/DN2 thy...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-017-04537-4
更新日期：2017-06-23 00:00:00
abstract：:Cephalotaxus oliveri is an endangered tertiary relict conifer endemic to China. The species survives in a wide range from west to east with heterogeneous climatic conditions. Precipitation and temperature are main restrictive factors for distribution of C. oliveri. In order to comprehend the mechanism of adaptive evol...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep25031
更新日期：2016-04-26 00:00:00
abstract：:Hybrid samples based on ZnO colloidal nanocrystals (NCs) deposited on AlGaN/GaN quantum well (QW) structures with different top barrier thickness d = 3, 6 and 9 nm are studied by time-resolved photoluminescence. Thermal behavior of the QW exciton lifetime in the hybrids and in the bare QW structures has been compared ...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep07889
更新日期：2015-01-20 00:00:00
abstract：:Recessive mutations in the Mlo gene confer broad spectrum resistance in barley (Hordeum vulgare) to powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei), a widespread and damaging disease. However, all alleles discovered to date also display deleterious pleiotropic effects, including the naturally occurring mlo-11 mutant ...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep29558
更新日期：2016-07-12 00:00:00
abstract：:The pulsed events of rainstorm erosion on the Loess Plateau are well-known, but little information is available concerning the characteristics of superficial soil erosion processes caused by heavy rainstorms at the watershed scale. This study statistically evaluated characteristics of pulsed runoff-erosion events base...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-018-22045-x
更新日期：2018-02-27 00:00:00
abstract：:Anxiety and depression are thought to influence the genesis of ischemic diseases and not of valvular diseases, but little is known on the psychological profile of cardiac patients after surgery. Aim of this study was to investigate differences in disease experience and mood between patients undergoing cardiac rehabili...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-018-32696-5
更新日期：2018-09-26 00:00:00
abstract：:Uniaxial-stress experiments have been performed for the 3287- and 2445-cm-1 local vibrational modes assigned to the positive charge state of interstitial hydrogen [Formula: see text] and deuterium [Formula: see text], respectively, occurring in mono-crystalline rutile TiO2. The onset of the defect alignment under the ...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-017-16660-3
更新日期：2017-12-06 00:00:00
abstract：:Propionibacterium freudenreichii, a dairy starter, can reach a population of almost 109 propionibacteria per gram in Swiss-type cheese at the time of consumption. Also consumed as a probiotic, it displays strain-dependent anti-inflammatory properties mediated by surface proteins that induce IL-10 in leukocytes. We sel...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep46409
更新日期：2017-04-13 00:00:00
abstract：:Quality assessment of protein models using no other information than the structure of the model itself has been shown to be useful for structure prediction. Here, we introduce two novel methods, ProQRosFA and ProQRosCen, inspired by the state-of-art method ProQ2, but using a completely different description of a prote...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep33509
更新日期：2016-10-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Developing optically transparent magnets at room temperature is an important challenge. They would bring many innovations to various industries, not only for electronic and magnetic devices but also for optical applications. Here we introduce FeCo-(Al-fluoride) nanogranular films exhibiting ferromagnetic properties wi...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep34227
更新日期：2016-09-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Enhancing endogenous cannabinoid (eCB) signaling has been considered as a potential strategy for the treatment of stress-related conditions. Fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) represents the primary degradation enzyme of the eCB anandamide (AEA), oleoylethanolamide (OEA) and palmitoylethanolamide (PEA). This study desc...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-018-20895-z
更新日期：2018-02-05 00:00:00
abstract：:Zeolites/molecular sieves with uniform, molecular-sized pores are important for many adsorption-based separation processes. Pore size gaps, however, exist in the current zeolite family. This leads to a great challenge of separating molecules with size differences at ~0.01 nm level. Here, we report a novel concept, por...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/srep13981
更新日期：2015-09-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Central visual field (CVF) loss has been linked to poorer vision-related quality of life in eyes with open-angle glaucoma (OAG) and can occur even in early-stage OAG eyes. The present study investigated whether the detection of choroidal microvasculature dropout (CMvD) during follow-up, which may be a sign of perfusio...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-019-44942-5
更新日期：2019-06-12 00:00:00
abstract：:We report studies of [Formula: see text]-dependent Landé g-factor, performed by both continuous media approximation [Formula: see text] method, and atomistic tight-binding [Formula: see text] approach. We propose an effective, mesoscopic model for InAs that we are able to successfully compare with atomistic calculatio...
journal_title：Scientific reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41598-020-79133-0
更新日期：2020-12-15 00:00:00
