The Past, Present and Future Subclassification of Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Abstract:

:Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is characterized as a heterogeneous disease where the patients are sub grouped according to several classification systems and mutational analyses. Diagnosis of AML is based on identification of the specific myeloid cell initiating the disease, quantification of immature blasts in bone marrow and peripheral blood, as well as detection of mutations and translocations. The heterogeneity of AML is caused by a block in differentiation that may occur in any of the different myeloid cell populations. These undifferentiated cells also harbor an increased proliferation potential that leads to accumulation of immature leukemic cells. The current development of more sensitive and less labor intensive analysis methods has led classification of patients from being a system based on morphology of the leukemic cells to being more sophisticated, detecting translocations and small mutations found in the whole leukemic clone or in a minor subclone. This review aims to describe the most common classification systems of AML, including frequently occurring translocations, mutations and epigenetic alterations, as well as describe traditional and novel methods for diagnosis and analysis of these patients.

journal_name

Curr Pharm Biotechnol

authors

Forthun RB,Hinrichs C,Dowling TH,Bruserud Ø,Selheim F

doi

10.2174/1389201016666150907113653

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2016-01-01 00:00:00

pages

6-19

issue

1

eissn

1389-2010

issn

1873-4316

pii

CPB-EPUB-70203

journal_volume

17

pub_type

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