Abstract：
BACKGROUND:In the short-term, organisms acclimate to stress through phenotypic plasticity, but in the longer term they adapt to stress genetically. The mutations that accrue during adaptation may contribute to completely novel phenotypes, or they may instead act to restore the phenotype from a stressed to a pre-stress condition. To better understand the influence of evolution on the diversity and direction of phenotypic change, we used Biolog microarrays to assay 94 phenotypes of 115 Escherichia coli clones that had adapted to high temperature (42.2 °C). We also assayed these same phenotypes in the clones' ancestor under non-stress (37.0 °C) and stress (42.2 °C) conditions. We explored associations between Biolog phenotypes and genotypes, and we also investigated phenotypic differences between clones that have one of two adaptive genetic trajectories: one that is typified by mutations in the RNA polymerase β-subunit (rpoB) and another that is defined by mutations in the rho termination factor. RESULTS:Most (54 %) phenotypic variation was restorative, shifting the phenotype from the acclimated state back toward the unstressed state. Novel phenotypes were more rare, comprising between 5 and 18 % of informative phenotypic variation. Phenotypic variation associated statistically with genetic variation, demonstrating a genetic basis for phenotypic change. Finally, clones with rpoB mutations differed in phenotype from those with rho mutations, largely due to differences in chemical sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS:Our results contribute to previous observations showing that a major component of adaptation in microbial evolution experiments is toward restoration to the unstressed state. In addition, we found that a large deletion strongly affected phenotypic variation. Finally, we demonstrated that the two genetic trajectories leading to thermal adaptation encompass different phenotypes.
journal_name
BMC Evol Bioljournal_title
BMC evolutionary biologyauthors
Hug SM,Gaut BSdoi
10.1186/s12862-015-0457-3subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-09-02 00:00:00pages
177issn
1471-2148pii
10.1186/s12862-015-0457-3journal_volume
15pub_type
杂志文章abstract：BACKGROUND:Rh50 proteins belong to the family of ammonia permeases together with their Amt/MEP homologs. Ammonia permeases increase the permeability of NH3/NH4+ across cell membranes and are believed to be involved in excretion of toxic ammonia and in the maintenance of pH homeostasis. RH50 genes are widespread in euka...
journal_title：BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s12862-016-0850-6
更新日期：2017-01-03 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Lepidosauria (lizards, snakes, tuatara) is a globally distributed and ecologically important group of over 9,000 reptile species. The earliest fossil records are currently restricted to the Late Triassic and often dated to 227 million years ago (Mya). As these early records include taxa that are relatively d...
journal_title：BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2013-09-25 00:00:00
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journal_title：BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s12862-017-1051-7
更新日期：2017-08-29 00:00:00
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journal_title：BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s12862-016-0672-6
更新日期：2016-05-13 00:00:00
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journal_title：BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2010-06-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1471-2148-11-98
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journal_title：BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1471-2148-7-S2-S2
更新日期：2007-08-16 00:00:00
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journal_title：BMC evolutionary biology
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journal_title：BMC evolutionary biology
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更新日期：2007-01-25 00:00:00
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journal_title：BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2013-04-29 00:00:00
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journal_title：BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s12862-017-0976-1
更新日期：2017-06-05 00:00:00
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journal_title：BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1471-2148-10-375
更新日期：2010-12-02 00:00:00
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journal_title：BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1471-2148-10-352
更新日期：2010-11-12 00:00:00
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journal_title：BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1471-2148-13-107
更新日期：2013-05-29 00:00:00
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journal_title：BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1471-2148-10-251
更新日期：2010-08-17 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Proteomes of thermophilic prokaryotes have been instrumental in structural biology and successfully exploited in biotechnology, however many proteins required for eukaryotic cell function are absent from bacteria or archaea. With Chaetomium thermophilum, Thielavia terrestris and Thielavia heterothallica thre...
journal_title：BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1471-2148-13-7
更新日期：2013-01-10 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2014-09-25 00:00:00
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journal_title：BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1471-2148-13-137
更新日期：2013-07-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：BMC evolutionary biology
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更新日期：2013-12-17 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2016-10-13 00:00:00
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journal_title：BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1471-2148-6-109
更新日期：2006-12-19 00:00:00
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journal_title：BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s12862-018-1185-2
更新日期：2018-05-30 00:00:00
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journal_title：BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1471-2148-9-215
更新日期：2009-08-28 00:00:00
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journal_title：BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/s12862-019-1405-4
更新日期：2019-04-08 00:00:00
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journal_title：BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2009-07-22 00:00:00
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journal_title：BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1471-2148-8-270
更新日期：2008-10-02 00:00:00
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journal_title：BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1471-2148-14-142
更新日期：2014-06-21 00:00:00
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journal_title：BMC evolutionary biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1186/1471-2148-4-49
更新日期：2004-11-22 00:00:00
