Identification of an epithelial cell receptor responsible for Clostridium difficile TcdB-induced cytotoxicity.

abstract：:Light chains were obtained from IgG rabbit antibodies to the group-specific carbohydrates of groups A and C streptococci. An analysis of the amino acid alternatives which exist at the first three positions of the N-terminus in both light-chain preparations shows a marked restriction in amino acid sequence heterogeneit...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hood L,Lackland H,Eichman K,Kindt TJ,Braun DG,Krause RM

更新日期：1969-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The bacterial pathogen Streptococcus pneumoniae is a major public health concern, being responsible for more than 1.5 million deaths annually through pneumonia, meningitis, and septicemia. Available vaccines target only a subset of serotypes, so vaccination is often accompanied by a rise in the frequency of nonvaccine...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Obolski U,Lourenço J,Thompson C,Thompson R,Gori A,Gupta S

更新日期：2018-03-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Two methods for increasing the length of DNA sequence data that can be read off a polyacrylamide gel are described. We have developed a rapid way to pour a buffer concentration gradient gel that, by altering the vertical band separation on an autoradiograph, allows more sequence to be obtained from a gel. We also show...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Biggin MD,Gibson TJ,Hong GF

更新日期：1983-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The biological activity of the transcription factor NF-kappaB is differentially controlled by three IkappaB proteins, Ikappa Balpha, Ikappa Bbeta, and Ikappa Bepsilon. We have examined the molecular basis for the differential inhibitory strengths of IkappaB proteins by constructing hybrid IkappaBs and found that the f...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Simeonidis S,Stauber D,Chen G,Hendrickson WA,Thanos D

更新日期：1999-01-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 10 out of 26 patients with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) released IgE-binding factors, as determined by two independent assays. The formation of the factors by the mononuclear cells was enhanced by incubation of the cells with homologous IgE. In the presence of IgE, ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Carini C,Margolick J,Yodoi J,Ishizaka K

更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We document male-biased sex ratios among U.S.-born children of Chinese, Korean, and Asian Indian parents in the 2000 U.S. Census. This male bias is particularly evident for third children: If there was no previous son, sons outnumbered daughters by 50%. By contrast, the sex ratios of eldest and younger children with a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Almond D,Edlund L

更新日期：2008-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Conventional methods of determining the coupling factor alpha(2)(omega)F(omega) for the newly discovered high transition temperature (T(c)) cuprate superconductors by using tunneling and infrared measurements have thus far failed to show the cause of the very high T(c) of these compounds. This is due in part to diffic...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Little WA,Collman JP

更新日期：1988-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The amounts of mRNAs encoding alpha 1, alpha 6, beta 2, beta 3, gamma 2, and delta subunits of gamma-aminobutyrate type A (GABAA) receptors and the gold immunolabeling density of their translation products were monitored during the growth of neonatal rat granule cells in primary culture. We investigated possible corre...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zheng TM,Zhu WJ,Puia G,Vicini S,Grayson DR,Costa E,Caruncho HJ

更新日期：1994-11-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Using direct percussion, language-competent bonobo-chimpanzees Kanzi and Pan-Banisha produced a significantly wider variety of flint tool types than hitherto reported, and used them task-specifically to break wooden logs or to dig underground for food retrieval. For log breaking, small flakes were rotated drill-like o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Roffman I,Savage-Rumbaugh S,Rubert-Pugh E,Ronen A,Nevo E

更新日期：2012-09-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Filamentous actin (F-actin) cytoskeletal remodeling is critical for glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) in pancreatic β-cells, and its dysregulation causes type 2 diabetes. The adaptor protein APPL1 promotes first-phase GSIS by up-regulating soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptor...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang B,Lin H,Li X,Lu W,Kim JB,Xu A,Cheng KKY

更新日期：2020-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Resistance to cobalt, zinc, and cadmium specified by the czc determinant on plasmid pMOL30 in Alcaligenes eutrophus results from a cation efflux system. Five membrane-bound polypeptides that were expressed in Escherichia coli from this determinant under the control of a phage T7 promoter were assigned to four open rea...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nies DH,Nies A,Chu L,Silver S

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has long been recognized that a suite of proteins exists in coral skeletons that is critical for the oriented precipitation of calcium carbonate crystals, yet these proteins remain poorly characterized. Using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis of proteins extracted from the cell-free skeleton o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Drake JL,Mass T,Haramaty L,Zelzion E,Bhattacharya D,Falkowski PG

更新日期：2013-03-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) (∼56 Ma) was a ∼170,000-y (∼170-kyr) period of global warming associated with rapid and massive injections of 13C-depleted carbon into the ocean-atmosphere system, reflected in sedimentary components as a negative carbon isotope excursion (CIE). Carbon cycle modeling has ind...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Frieling J,Svensen HH,Planke S,Cramwinckel MJ,Selnes H,Sluijs A

更新日期：2016-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Two-dimensional 1H NMR investigations were used to locate elements of regular secondary structure in the human complement protein C3a (the des-Arg77 derivative) in solution. The results were compared to a refined crystal structure based on the 3.2-A resolution structure of des-Arg77-C3a [Huber, R., Scholze, H., Paques...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nettesheim DG,Edalji RP,Mollison KW,Greer J,Zuiderweg ER

更新日期：1988-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Water dynamics in concentrated ionic solutions plays an important role in a number of material and energy conversion processes such as the charge transfer at the electrolyte-electrode interface in aqueous rechargeable ion batteries. One long-standing puzzle is that all electrolytes, regardless of their "structure-maki...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang Q,Wu T,Chen C,Mukamel S,Zhuang W

更新日期：2017-09-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Neonates are highly susceptible to infectious diseases and, in general, respond poorly to conventional vaccines due to immaturity of the immune system. In the present study, we hypothesized that the anti-tetanus toxoid (TT) vaccine response of neonatal mice could be enhanced by retinoic acid (RA), a bioactive retinoid...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ma Y,Ross AC

更新日期：2005-09-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that requires preexisiting epithelial injury to cause acute infections. We report that P. aeruginosa inhibits mammalian cytokinesis in a type III secretion system and exotoxin T (ExoT)-dependent manner. ExoT is a bifunctional type III secretion system effector protei...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shafikhani SH,Engel J

更新日期：2006-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Following proteolytic conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin, clot assembly commences with formation of double-stranded fibrils that subsequently branch extensively in forming a three-dimensional network. Plasmin digests of fibrin clots that had first been covalently crosslinked by plasma transglutaminase (factor XIIIa) c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mosesson MW,Siebenlist KR,Amrani DL,DiOrio JP

更新日期：1989-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The rates of reassociation of DNA from a monkey cell line (Vero), from SV40 pseudovirus (consisting of Vero DNA and virus protein coat), and from mature SV40 were measured. The results show that the host DNA in the pseudovirus contains repeated and unique sequences in the same proportions as normal host DNA; hence, no...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Grady L,Axelrod D,Trilling D

更新日期：1970-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The acquisition of cell-surface urokinase plasminogen activator activity is a hallmark of malignancy. We generated an engineered anthrax toxin that is activated by cell-surface urokinase in vivo and displays limited toxicity to normal tissue but broad and potent tumoricidal activity. Native anthrax toxin protective an...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu S,Aaronson H,Mitola DJ,Leppla SH,Bugge TH

更新日期：2003-01-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Basic neurophysiological research with monkeys has shown how neurons in the motor cortex have firing rates tuned to movement direction. This original finding would have been difficult to uncover without the use of a behaving primate paradigm in which subjects grasped a handle and moved purposefully to targets in diffe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kennedy SD,Schwartz AB

更新日期：2019-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Microcin B17 (MccB17) is a 3.1-kDa Escherichia coli antibiotic that contains thiazole and oxazole heterocycles in a peptide backbone. MccB17 inhibits its cellular target, DNA gyrase, by trapping the enzyme in a complex that is covalently bound to double-strand cleaved DNA, in a manner similar to the well-known quinolo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zamble DB,Miller DA,Heddle JG,Maxwell A,Walsh CT,Hollfelder F

更新日期：2001-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:We have cloned and identified a DNA sequence complementary to the mRNA of creatine kinase (CK) isozyme M, although the mRNA is a minor species of the total mRNA in developing myoblasts. Poly(A)+RNA from breast and thigh muscle of 5-week-old chicks was enriched for CK mRNA by a novel procedure of sucrose gradient centr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schweinfest CW,Kwiatkowski RW,Dottin RP

更新日期：1982-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Examination of the structural basis for antiviral activity, oral pharmacokinetics, and hepatic metabolism among a series of symmetry-based inhibitors of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) protease led to the discovery of ABT-538, a promising experimental drug for the therapeutic intervention in acquired immunodefi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kempf DJ,Marsh KC,Denissen JF,McDonald E,Vasavanonda S,Flentge CA,Green BE,Fino L,Park CH,Kong XP

更新日期：1995-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Retinal dopaminergic amacrine neurons (DA neurons) play a central role in reconfiguring retinal function according to prevailing illumination conditions, yet the mechanisms by which light regulates their activity are poorly understood. We investigated the means by which sustained light responses are evoked in DA neuro...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang DQ,Wong KY,Sollars PJ,Berson DM,Pickard GE,McMahon DG

更新日期：2008-09-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The membrane glycoproteins specified by herpes simplex virus are synthesized concurrently with structural viral proteins and accumulate in the cytoplasm and in the membranes lining it. Analyses of free and membranebound polyribosomes, the cytoplasmic pool of soluble proteins, and purified smooth membranes showed that ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Spear PG,Roizman B

更新日期：1970-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Total cellular poly(A)-enriched RNA from a variety of fresh human leukemic blood cells and hematopoietic cell lines was analyzed for homology with molecularly cloned DNA probes containing the onc sequence of Abelson murine leukemia virus (Ab-MuLV), Harvey murine sarcoma virus (Ha-MuSV), simian sarcoma virus (SSV), and...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Westin EH,Wong-Staal F,Gelmann EP,Dalla-Favera R,Papas TS,Lautenberger JA,Eva A,Reddy EP,Tronick SR,Aaronson SA,Gallo RC

更新日期：1982-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Translational stop codon readthrough occurs in organisms ranging from viruses to mammals and is especially prevalent in decoding Drosophila and viral mRNAs. Recoding of UGA, UAG, or UAA to specify an amino acid allows a proportion of the protein encoded by a single gene to be C-terminally extended. The extended produc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hudson AM,Szabo NL,Loughran G,Wills NM,Atkins JF,Cooley L

更新日期：2021-02-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitric oxide (NO) is an antiviral effector of the innate immune system. Viruses that can interfere with NO synthesis may be able to replicate more rapidly than viruses that cannot limit NO synthesis. We show that the adenovirus E1A protein inhibits NO production by decreasing expression of the inducible NO synthase (N...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cao W,Bao C,Lowenstein CJ

更新日期：2003-06-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942 is a genetically tractable model cyanobacterium that has been engineered to produce industrially relevant biomolecules and is the best-studied model for a prokaryotic circadian clock. However, the organism is commonly grown in continuous light in the laboratory, and data on metabolic p...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Diamond S,Jun D,Rubin BE,Golden SS

更新日期：2015-04-14 00:00:00