Abstract:
INTRODUCTION:The pleiotropic cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of different diseases, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA). ALX-0061 is a bispecific Nanobody® with a high affinity and potency for IL-6 receptor (IL-6R), combined with an extended half-life by targeting human serum albumin. We describe here the relevant aspects of its in vitro and in vivo pharmacology. METHODS:ALX-0061 is composed of an affinity-matured IL-6R-targeting domain fused to an albumin-binding domain representing a minimized two-domain structure. A panel of different in vitro assays was used to characterize the biological activities of ALX-0061. The pharmacological properties of ALX-0061 were examined in cynomolgus monkeys, using plasma levels of total soluble (s)IL-6R as pharmacodynamic marker. Therapeutic effect was evaluated in a human IL-6-induced acute phase response model in the same species, and in a collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) model in rhesus monkeys, using tocilizumab as positive control. RESULTS:ALX-0061 was designed to confer the desired pharmacological properties. A 200-fold increase of target affinity was obtained through affinity maturation of the parental domain. The high affinity for sIL-6R (0.19 pM) translated to a concentration-dependent and complete neutralization of sIL-6R in vitro. In cynomolgus monkeys, ALX-0061 showed a dose-dependent and complete inhibition of hIL-6-induced inflammatory parameters, including plasma levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), fibrinogen and platelets. An apparent plasma half-life of 6.6 days was observed after a single intravenous administration of 10 mg/kg ALX-0061 in cynomolgus monkeys, similar to the estimated expected half-life of serum albumin. ALX-0061 and tocilizumab demonstrated a marked decrease in serum CRP levels in a non-human primate CIA model. Clinical effect was confirmed in animals with active drug exposure throughout the study duration. CONCLUSIONS:ALX-0061 represents a minimized bispecific biotherapeutic of 26 kDa, nearly six times smaller than monoclonal antibodies. High in vitro affinity and potency was demonstrated. Albumin binding as a half-life extension technology resulted in describable and expected pharmacokinetics. Strong IL-6R engagement was shown to translate to in vivo effect in non-human primates, demonstrated via biomarker deregulation as well as clinical effect. Presented results on preclinical pharmacological properties of ALX-0061 are supportive of clinical development in RA.
journal_name
Arthritis Res Therjournal_title
Arthritis research & therapyauthors
Van Roy M,Ververken C,Beirnaert E,Hoefman S,Kolkman J,Vierboom M,Breedveld E,'t Hart B,Poelmans S,Bontinck L,Hemeryck A,Jacobs S,Baumeister J,Ulrichts Hdoi
10.1186/s13075-015-0651-0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-05-20 00:00:00pages
135eissn
1478-6354issn
1478-6362pii
10.1186/s13075-015-0651-0journal_volume
17pub_type
杂志文章abstract:INTRODUCTION:Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is a hereditary autoinflammatory disease characterized by recurrent self-limiting fever and serositis that mainly affects Mediterranean populations. Many patients with FMF have been reported in Japan due to increasing recognition of this condition and the availability of ...
journal_title:Arthritis research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13075-014-0439-7
更新日期:2014-09-27 00:00:00
abstract::The detection of autoantibodies in human sera is an important approach to the diagnosis and management of patients with autoimmune conditions. To meet market demands, manufacturers have developed a wide variety of easy to use and cost-effective diagnostic kits that are designed to detect a variety of human serum autoa...
journal_title:Arthritis research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/ar782
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Soluble immune aggregates bearing intact Fc fragments are effective treatment for a variety of autoimmune disorders in mice. The better to understand the mechanisms by which Fc-bearing immune complexes suppress autoimmunity, and to develop a platform for clinical translation, we created a series of fully r...
journal_title:Arthritis research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/ar4024
更新日期:2012-08-20 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is characterized by early vascular abnormalities and subsequent fibroblast activation to myofibroblasts, leading to fibrosis. Recently, endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndoMT), a complex biological process in which endothelial cells lose their specific markers and acquire a me...
journal_title:Arthritis research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13075-016-1122-y
更新日期:2016-10-06 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:In the present systematic review and meta-analysis, we assessed the effectiveness of different forms of balneotherapy (BT) and hydrotherapy (HT) in the management of fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS). METHODS:A systematic literature search was conducted through April 2013 (Medline via Pubmed, Cochrane Central R...
journal_title:Arthritis research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1186/ar4603
更新日期:2014-07-07 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Microcirculation dysfunction is a typical feature of systemic sclerosis (SSc) and represents the earliest abnormality of primary myocardial involvement. We assessed coronary microcirculation status by combining two functional tests in SSc patients and estimating its impact on disease outcome. METHODS:Fort...
journal_title:Arthritis research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/ar4136
更新日期:2013-01-09 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:African Americans with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have increased renal disease compared to Caucasians, but differences in other comorbidities have not been well-described. We used an electronic health record (EHR) technique to test for differences in comorbidities in African Americans compared to Cau...
journal_title:Arthritis research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13075-018-1561-8
更新日期:2018-04-10 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The complement system is crucial for the development of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV). In particular, C5a plays a central role. In this study, plasma and urinary levels of C5a as well as renal C5a receptors (CD88 and C5L2) expression were investigated in patients wi...
journal_title:Arthritis research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/ar3873
更新日期:2012-06-12 00:00:00
abstract::Synovial fluid from patients with various arthritides contains procoagulant, cell-derived microparticles. Here we studied whether synovial microparticles modulate the release of chemokines and cytokines by fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). Microparticles, isolated from the synovial fluid of rheumatoid arthritis (RA)...
journal_title:Arthritis research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/ar1706
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Differences in the expression of variants across ethnic groups in the systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients have been well documented. However, the genetic architecture in the Thai population has not been thoroughly examined. In this study, we carried out genome-wide association study (GWAS) in the Tha...
journal_title:Arthritis research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13075-020-02276-y
更新日期:2020-08-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Validated clinical prediction models to identify children with poor prognosis at the time of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) diagnosis would be very helpful for tailoring treatments, and avoiding under- or over-treatment. Our objective was to externally validate Nordic clinical prediction models in Canad...
journal_title:Arthritis research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13075-019-2091-8
更新日期:2020-01-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Sarcopenic obesity, associated with greater risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), may be related to dysregulated muscle remodeling. To determine whether exercise training could improve remodeling, we measured changes in inter-relationships of plasma galectin-3, skel...
journal_title:Arthritis research & therapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13075-018-1786-6
更新日期:2018-12-27 00:00:00
abstract::Anti-glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI) antibodies are known to be arthritogenic autoantibodies in K/BxN mice, although some groups have reported that few healthy humans retain these antibodies. The expression of Fcgamma receptors (FcgammaRs) is genetically regulated and has strong implications for the development of...
journal_title:Arthritis research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/ar1802
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::TNF receptor-associated periodic syndrome (TRAPS) is a dominantly inherited disease caused by missense mutations in the TNF receptor 1 (TNFR1) gene. Patients suffer from periodic bouts of severe abdominal pain, localised inflammation, migratory rashes, and fever. More than 40 individual mutations have been identified,...
journal_title:Arthritis research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/ar2197
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Arthritis research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/s13075-018-1670-4
更新日期:2018-08-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In previous studies, we demonstrated that the NEMO score, i.e. the cumulative number of microhaemorrhages (MHEs) and microthromboses (MTs), observed in nailfold videocapillaroscopy was a good indicator of the steady state level of disease activity (DA) in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) when the Europ...
journal_title:Arthritis research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13075-019-2032-6
更新日期:2019-11-29 00:00:00
abstract::Human T cell leukaemia virus type I (HTLV-I) is known to be involved in late-onset chronic polyarthritis as HTLV-I-associated arthropathy. However, it is unclear whether HTLV-I infection could modify the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis (OA). In this study we compared several inflammatory cytokines, such as C-termina...
journal_title:Arthritis research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/ar1193
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:During the progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), there are frequent but intermittent flares in which the joint becomes acutely inflamed and painful. Although a number of drug therapies are currently used to treat RA, their effectiveness is variable and side effects are common. Endocannabinoids have the...
journal_title:Arthritis research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13075-014-0437-9
更新日期:2014-09-27 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Evaluation of disease severity in experimental models of rheumatoid arthritis is inevitably associated with assessment of structural bone damage. A noninvasive imaging technology allowing objective quantification of pathophysiological alterations of bone structure in rodents could substantially extend the ...
journal_title:Arthritis research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/ar4670
更新日期:2014-07-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Restoring normal physical functioning is a major therapeutic aim in the management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). It is unknown, whether the extent of synovial inflammation quantified by musculoskeletal ultrasound (US) can predict current or future capacity for physical functioning. To answer this question we...
journal_title:Arthritis research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13075-016-1208-6
更新日期:2017-01-13 00:00:00
abstract::Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare life-threatening disease of severe hyperinflammation caused by uncontrolled proliferation of activated lymphocytes and macrophages secreting high amounts of inflammatory cytokines. It is a frequent manifestation in patients with predisposing genetic defects, but can o...
journal_title:Arthritis research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/ar3843
更新日期:2012-06-08 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Dual-energy computed tomography (DECT) has potential for monitoring urate deposition in patients with gout. The aim of this prospective longitudinal study was to analyse measurement error of DECT urate volume measurement in clinically stable patients with tophaceous gout. METHODS:Seventy-three patients wi...
journal_title:Arthritis research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/ar4343
更新日期:2013-10-23 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Since current treatment options for patients suffering from active rheumatoid arthritis (RA) remain inadequate, especially for those unresponsive to disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), new and improved medication is needed. This study evaluates the safety and efficacy of masitinib (AB1010), a p...
journal_title:Arthritis research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/ar2740
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reports of the use of HLA-B27/peptide tetrameric complexes to study peptide-specific CD8+ T cells in HLA-B27+-related diseases are rare. To establish HLA-B27 tetramers we first compared the function of HLA-B27 tetramers with HLA-A2 tetramers by using viral epitopes. HLA-B27 and HLA-A2 tetramers loaded with immunodomin...
journal_title:Arthritis research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/ar1221
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:It is known that anticitrullinated peptide antibody (ACPA)-positive rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has a preclinical phase. Whether this phase is also present in ACPA-negative RA is unknown. To determine this, we studied ACPA-negative arthralgia patients who were considered prone to progress to RA for local sub...
journal_title:Arthritis research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/ar4536
更新日期:2014-04-10 00:00:00
abstract::Articular calcification correlates with osteoarthritis (OA) severity but its exact role in the disease process is unclear. In examining OA meniscal cell function, Sun and colleagues have shown recently that meniscal cells from end-stage OA subjects can generate calcium crystals and that genes involved in calcification...
journal_title:Arthritis research & therapy
pub_type: 评论,社论
doi:10.1186/ar2993
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is an autologous concentrated cocktail of growth factors and inflammatory mediators, and has been considered to be potentially effective for cartilage repair. In addition, the fibrinogen in PRP may be activated to form a fibrin matrix to fill cartilage lesions, fulfilling the initial require...
journal_title:Arthritis research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/ar4493
更新日期:2014-02-25 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients are treated with a mean of 3-4 conventional synthetic disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (csDMARDs) with or without glucocorticoids (GCs), before the first biologic prescription. The main reasons for change are inefficacy in 30-40 % of patients, and toxicity ≈ 10 %. Thus...
journal_title:Arthritis research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1186/s13075-016-1137-4
更新日期:2016-11-08 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To assess whether age, at the beginning of biologic treatment, is associated with the time a first adverse event (AE) appears in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), or psoriatic arthritis (PsA). METHODS:All patients in the BIOBADASER registry diagnosed with RA, AS, and PsA,...
journal_title:Arthritis research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13075-020-02231-x
更新日期:2020-06-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Arthritis research & therapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/ar2456
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00