Low-buoyancy thermochemical plumes resolve controversy of classical mantle plume concept.

Abstract:

:The Earth's biggest magmatic events are believed to originate from massive melting when hot mantle plumes rising from the lowermost mantle reach the base of the lithosphere. Classical models predict large plume heads that cause kilometre-scale surface uplift, and narrow (100 km radius) plume tails that remain in the mantle after the plume head spreads below the lithosphere. However, in many cases, such uplifts and narrow plume tails are not observed. Here using numerical models, we show that the issue can be resolved if major mantle plumes contain up to 15-20% of recycled oceanic crust in a form of dense eclogite, which drastically decreases their buoyancy and makes it depth dependent. We demonstrate that, despite their low buoyancy, large enough thermochemical plumes can rise through the whole mantle causing only negligible surface uplift. Their tails are bulky (>200 km radius) and remain in the upper mantle for 100 millions of years.

journal_name

Nat Commun

journal_title

Nature communications

authors

Dannberg J,Sobolev SV

doi

10.1038/ncomms7960

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2015-04-24 00:00:00

pages

6960

issn

2041-1723

pii

ncomms7960

journal_volume

6

pub_type

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