Abstract:
:Why the cerebral cortex folds in some mammals but not in others has long fascinated and mystified neurobiologists. Over the past century-especially the past decade-researchers have used theory and experiment to support different folding mechanisms such as tissue buckling from mechanical stress, axon tethering, localized proliferation, and external constraints. In this review, we synthesize these mechanisms into a unifying framework and introduce a hitherto unappreciated mechanism, the radial intercalation of new neurons at the top of the cortical plate, as a likely proximate force for tangential expansion that then leads to cortical folding. The interplay between radial intercalation and various biasing factors, such as local variations in proliferation rate and connectivity, can explain the formation of both random and stereotypically positioned folds.
journal_name
Annu Rev Neuroscijournal_title
Annual review of neuroscienceauthors
Striedter GF,Srinivasan S,Monuki ESdoi
10.1146/annurev-neuro-071714-034128subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-07-08 00:00:00pages
291-307eissn
0147-006Xissn
1545-4126journal_volume
38pub_type
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