Southern Africa: the Highest Priority Region for HIV Prevention and Care Interventions.

Abstract:

:The global HIV pandemic began to expand rapidly in southern Africa a decade later than was noted in central Africa, Europe, the Caribbean, and North America. Multiple factors played a role in this rapid expansion which led Southern Africa to become the most heavily afflicted region for HIV/AIDS globally. In this issue of Current HIV/AIDS Reports, investigators with active research interests in the region have reviewed key elements of the causes of and responses to the epidemic. Putative causes of the high HIV prevalence in the region are discussed, including host and viral biology, human behavior, politics and policy, structural factors, health services, health workforce, migration, traditional healers' role, and other issues. Regional epidemiological trends are described and forecasted. Issues related to the continuum of HIV care and treatment are highlighted. We hope that the reviews will prove useful to those policymakers, health care workers, and scientists who are striving to reduce the burden of HIV in the southern African region, as well as prove insightful for key issues of broader global relevance.

journal_name

Curr HIV/AIDS Rep

journal_title

Current HIV/AIDS reports

authors

Vermund SH,Sheldon EK,Sidat M

doi

10.1007/s11904-015-0270-z

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2015-06-01 00:00:00

pages

191-5

issue

2

eissn

1548-3568

issn

1548-3576

journal_volume

12

pub_type

  • Novel interventions to prevent HIV and HCV among persons who inject drugs.

    abstract::Persons who inject drugs (PWID) are at high risk for infection with and poor outcomes from HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV). Well-established interventions for HIV/HCV prevention among PWID include syringe access, opioid agonist maintenance treatment, and supervised injection facilities, yet these interventions remain ...

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    authors: Coffin PO,Rowe C,Santos GM

    更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00

  • Optimal timing of routine vaccination in HIV-infected persons.

    abstract::Vaccine recommendations for those with HIV require continual updating as additional research becomes available. Timing of vaccinations among HIV-infected individuals is a key area of uncertainty. This is particularly true for those who may soon initiate highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) because immune recon...

    journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports

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    doi:10.1007/s11904-009-0014-z

    authors: Crane HM,Dhanireddy S,Kim HN,Ramers C,Dellit TH,Kitahata MM,Harrington RD

    更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00

  • Intergenerational sex as a risk factor for HIV among young men who have sex with men: a scoping review.

    abstract::An emerging body of evidence suggests that intergenerational sexual partnerships may increase risk of HIV acquisition among young men who have sex with men (YMSM). However, no studies have comprehensively evaluated literature in this area. We applied a scoping review methodology to explore the relationships between ag...

    journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11904-013-0187-3

    authors: Anema A,Marshall BD,Stevenson B,Gurm J,Montaner G,Small W,Roth EA,Lima VD,Montaner JS,Moore D,Hogg RS

    更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00

  • Factors Driving the HIV Epidemic in Southern Africa.

    abstract::The HIV pandemic has disproportionately impacted sub-Saharan Africa and Southern Africa in particular. The concurrent presence of overlapping epidemic drivers likely underpins how and why the HIV epidemic is so explosive in this region, with implications for understanding approaches to reduce transmission. In this rev...

    journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11904-016-0314-z

    authors: McKinnon LR,Karim QA

    更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00

  • Network-Based Research on Rural Opioid Use: an Overview of Methods and Lessons Learned.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The purpose of this paper is to provide a thorough overview of methods used for recruitment, network data collection, and network data management in a network-based study of rural people who use drugs (PWUD) and to offer methodological recommendations for future research on rural drug use. RECENT FIN...

    journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11904-018-0391-2

    authors: Young AM,Rudolph AE,Havens JR

    更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00

  • Differentiating HIV-associated nephropathy from antiretroviral drug-induced nephropathy: a clinical challenge.

    abstract::With the introduction of potent combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) into clinical practice, HIV-infected patients have garnered much benefit. However, kidney disease continues to be a potential complication in this group. Whereas HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) was the major renal complication prior to cART, ...

    journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11904-014-0209-9

    authors: Kumar N,Perazella MA

    更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00

  • Innate Lymphoid Cells: Their Contributions to Gastrointestinal Tissue Homeostasis and HIV/SIV Disease Pathology.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The discovery of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) over the past decade has reformed principles that were once thought to be exclusive to adaptive immunity. Here, we describe ILC nomenclature and function, and provide a survey of studies examining these cells in the context of HIV/SIV infections. Particula...

    journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11904-019-00439-4

    authors: Mudd JC,Brenchley JM

    更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00

  • Compartmentalization, Viral Evolution, and Viral Latency of HIV in the CNS.

    abstract::Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection occurs throughout the body and can have dramatic physical effects, such as neurocognitive impairment in the central nervous system (CNS). Furthermore, examining the virus that resides in the CNS is challenging due to its location and can only be done using samples ...

    journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11904-015-0265-9

    authors: Bednar MM,Sturdevant CB,Tompkins LA,Arrildt KT,Dukhovlinova E,Kincer LP,Swanstrom R

    更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00

  • Therapeutic drug monitoring: pharmacologic considerations for antiretroviral drugs.

    abstract::Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is the process by which a patient's dosing regimen is guided by repeated measures of plasma drug concentrations. An enormous challenge with regard to TDM of antiretroviral drugs (ARV) is that the concentration goals can be moving targets. Well-designed prospective studies demonstratin...

    journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11904-005-0020-8

    authors: Kiser JJ,Anderson PL,Gerber JG

    更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00

  • Better Service by Doing Less: Introducing De-implementation Research in HIV.

    abstract::The course of HIV research has led to a multitude of interventions to prevent and treat HIV. With the arrival of more effective interventions comes the need to end, or de-implement, less effective interventions. PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To describe the state of de-implementation research in HIV and provide a rationale for e...

    journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11904-020-00517-y

    authors: McKay VR,Tetteh EK,Reid MJ,Ingaiza LM

    更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00

  • Improving the self-report of HIV antiretroviral medication adherence: is the glass half full or half empty?

    abstract::Self-reports are the most widely used method for measuring antiretroviral adherence. The association between self-reports and viral loads has been repeatedly demonstrated, but this association does not address how well self-reports measure actual medication-taking behaviors. Understanding adherence self-reports requir...

    journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s11904-009-0024-x

    authors: Wilson IB,Carter AE,Berg KM

    更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00

  • The medical management of opioid dependence in HIV primary care settings.

    abstract::Injecting drug use is a common mode of transmission among persons with HIV/AIDS. Many HIV-infected patients meet diagnostic criteria for opioid dependence, a chronic and relapsing brain disorder. Most HIV providers, however, receive little training in substance use disorders. Opioid agonist therapy (OAT) has a stabili...

    journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11904-006-0016-z

    authors: Lum PJ,Tulsky JP

    更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00

  • Preventing bacterial disease in the HIV-infected of sub-Saharan Africa: the role of cotrimoxazole and the pneumococcal vaccines.

    abstract::Bacterial infection is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among patients with HIV living in Africa. Broadening the scope of cotrimoxazole (CTX) prophylaxis to cover patients whose CD4 counts are above 200 cells/mm(3) has been suggested as a means of improving the control of infectious disease on the continent. C...

    journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11904-007-0021-x

    authors: Spencer DC

    更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00

  • Understanding Sustained Retention in HIV/AIDS Care and Treatment: a Synthetic Review.

    abstract::Sustained retention represents an enduring and evolving challenge to HIV treatment programs in Africa. We present a theoretical framework for sustained retention borrowing from ecologic principles of sustainability and dynamic adaptation. We posit that sustained retention from the patient perspective is dependent on t...

    journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11904-016-0317-9

    authors: Roy M,Czaicki N,Holmes C,Chavan S,Tsitsi A,Odeny T,Sikazwe I,Padian N,Geng E

    更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00

  • Metabolic Complications and Glucose Metabolism in HIV Infection: A Review of the Evidence.

    abstract::HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy (ART) use are associated with perturbations in glucose and lipid metabolism. Increasing incidence of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and obesity highlights the need for early identification and treatment of metabolic dysfunction. Newer ART regimens are less toxic for cellular...

    journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11904-016-0330-z

    authors: Willig AL,Overton ET

    更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00

  • Adherence to HIV care after pregnancy among women in sub-Saharan Africa: falling off the cliff of the treatment cascade.

    abstract::Increased access to testing and treatment means HIV can be managed as a chronic illness, though successful management requires continued engagement with the health care system. Most of the global HIV burden is in sub-Saharan Africa where rates of new infections are consistently higher in women versus men. Pregnancy is...

    journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11904-014-0252-6

    authors: Psaros C,Remmert JE,Bangsberg DR,Safren SA,Smit JA

    更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00

  • PrEP Product Acceptability and Dual Process Decision-Making Among Men Who Have Sex with Men.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Advances in short- and long-acting pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) technologies have incentivized the need to understand how individuals make trade-offs and competing decisions regarding PrEP modalities. The purpose of this review was to examine how researchers have conceptualized and measured attribu...

    journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11904-020-00497-z

    authors: Bauermeister JA,Downs JS,Krakower DS

    更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00

  • Use of pharmacy refill data as a measure of antiretroviral adherence.

    abstract::Pharmacy refill adherence has become an increasingly important measure of adherence to antiretroviral medications. It offers a simple, inexpensive, and valid method for measuring adherence. Over the past year, there have been several published developments in the use of pharmacy refill data to measure adherence. Given...

    journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11904-007-0027-4

    authors: Grossberg R,Gross R

    更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00

  • Interventions for body habitus changes associated with HIV infection and its treatment.

    abstract::Lipodystrophy and its two components lipo-accumulation and lipoatropy are very common among individuals with HIV infection on treatment, especially among those who started therapy in the late 1990s and early 2000s. This review discusses the current management of these complications of HIV and its treatment. For the pu...

    journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11904-007-0013-x

    authors: Tebas P

    更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00

  • HIV-related neurocognitive impairment in the HAART era.

    abstract::Neurocognitive impairment is common in people living with HIV and AIDS. Prior to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), cognitive impairment primarily affected patients with advanced disease, and was a more rapidly progressive illness. With the use of HAART, cognitive impairment improved, along with the overall...

    journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11904-009-0020-1

    authors: Robinson-Papp J,Elliott KJ,Simpson DM

    更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00

  • Realizing the potential of treatment as prevention: global ART policy and treatment coverage.

    abstract::This article reviews the antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation criteria from published national guidelines for 94 countries (representing 86 % of global HIV burden) and compares them with the 2013 World Health Organization (WHO) ART guidelines. As of 31st of July 2014, 19 countries have adopted the WHO-recommended C...

    journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11904-014-0230-z

    authors: Gupta S,Williams B,Montaner J

    更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00

  • The role of viral co-infection in HIV-associated non-AIDS-related cancers.

    abstract::HIV-infected individuals are at increased risk for most types of cancer, including those typically classified as non-AIDS-defining cancers (NADCs). This increased risk is likely multifactorial, but a prominent risk factor for the increased rate of some cancers is co-infection with oncogenic viruses. Anal cancer, hepat...

    journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11904-015-0276-6

    authors: Riedel DJ,Tang LS,Rositch AF

    更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00

  • Combination prevention: new hope for stopping the epidemic.

    abstract::HIV research has identified approaches that can be combined to be more effective in transmission reduction than any 1 modality alone: delayed adolescent sexual debut, mutual monogamy or sexual partner reduction, correct and consistent condom use, pre-exposure prophylaxis with oral antiretroviral drugs or vaginal micro...

    journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11904-013-0155-y

    authors: Vermund SH,Hayes RJ

    更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00

  • Treatment of chronic HCV genotype 1 coinfection.

    abstract::Several all-oral direct-acting antiviral (DAA) combination therapies including two fixed-dose combinations (FDCs) have been recently licensed for treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 1 infection. Results of pivotal trials with these new compounds are now also available in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/HC...

    journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11904-015-0278-4

    authors: Boesecke C,Rockstroh JK

    更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00

  • HIV and the kidney: a status report after 20 years.

    abstract::The first association between HIV-1 infection and kidney disease was made in 1984 and much has been learned over the past 20 years. In recent years, more effective therapies for HIV-1 infection and its associated opportunistic infections have led to improved patient survival. However, with prolonged survival, morbidit...

    journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11904-004-0016-9

    authors: Cho ME,Kopp JB

    更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00

  • Vaginal microbicides: a novel approach to preventing sexual transmission of HIV.

    abstract::The AIDS epidemic continues its unrelentless expansion. According to the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS, there are more than 40 million people living with HIV, and more than 15,000 new infections occur every day. One approach to curbing HIV is the development of topical microbicidal agents or microbicides....

    journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11904-004-0004-0

    authors: Doncel G,Mauck C

    更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00

  • Emerging issues in the neuropsychology of HIV infection.

    abstract::Neurocognitive compromise, a common sequela of HIV infection, ranges in severity from minor motor and information-processing speed decrements to severely incapacitating symptoms that affect functional independence. However, with the emergence of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), neurocognitive phenotypes h...

    journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11904-008-0029-x

    authors: Foley J,Ettenhofer M,Wright M,Hinkin CH

    更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00

  • Motivational interviewing targeting risk reduction for people with HIV: a systematic review.

    abstract::Due to the co-occurrence of sexual risk behaviors and substance use among HIV-positive individuals, there is often a need for HIV prevention efforts to target multiple behaviors. Motivational Interviewing (MI), a widely disseminated behavior change intervention, has demonstrated effectiveness in promoting behavior cha...

    journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11904-012-0132-x

    authors: Naar-King S,Parsons JT,Johnson AM

    更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00

  • Solid Organ Transplantation in HIV-Infected Recipients: History, Progress, and Frontiers.

    abstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW:End-stage organ disease prevalence is increasing among HIV-infected (HIV+) individuals. Trial and registry data confirm that solid organ transplantation (SOT) is efficacious in this population. Optimizing access to transplant and decreasing complications represent active frontiers. RECENT FINDINGS:HI...

    journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11904-019-00440-x

    authors: Werbel WA,Durand CM

    更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00

  • Treatment of latent tuberculosis infection in HIV: shorter or longer?

    abstract::Nine months of daily isoniazid is efficacious in treating latent M. tuberculosis infection, but completion rates are low, limiting treatment effectiveness. In 2011, three important studies were published involving novel regimens for the treatment of latent M. tuberculosis infection. At least 36 months of isoniazid was...

    journal_title:Current HIV/AIDS reports

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s11904-012-0120-1

    authors: Person AK,Sterling TR

    更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00