Abstract：
BACKGROUND:Natural and synthetic rubbers containing rubber accelerators are well-known causes of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). Latex contact urticaria (CU) has been widely reported, especially when powdered latex glove use was commonplace. Consequently, interventions to reduce latex exposure by altering glove manufacture were introduced. OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to analyse trends in UK-reported incidence of occupational skin disease associated with rubber accelerators. METHOD:We analysed cases reported to EPIDERM (part of The Health and Occupation Research network) of occupational ACD caused by natural and synthetic rubber products, between 1996 and 2012. RESULTS:For the studied period, a decreasing incidence of ACD associated with rubber products was found, with an average annual change of -1.2% [95% confidence interval (CI) -3.1 to 0.7]. The number of cases of latex CU (n = 580) significantly declined. The number of cases of ACD caused by mercapto mix and mercaptobenzothiazole (n = 177) and thiuram mix (n = 603) also declined. Reports of ACD associated with carba mix and its constituents (n = 219) increased significantly, by an average annual percentage of 10.1% (95%CI: 6.1-14.2). Twenty-six cases of ACD caused by rarer rubber compounds were identified, highlighting skin disease attributable to less widely recognized chemicals. CONCLUSIONS:These data show a falling reported incidence of occupational ACD attributed to rubber chemicals, but within this a significant rise attributable to the constituents of the carba mix. Clinicians should recognize the changing diversity of chemicals used in rubber manufacturing, and consider including carba mix in their baseline series and testing beyond this in suspect cases to avoid false-negative results.
journal_name
Contact Dermatitisjournal_title
Contact dermatitisauthors
Warburton KL,Urwin R,Carder M,Turner S,Agius R,Wilkinson SMdoi
10.1111/cod.12356subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-05-01 00:00:00pages
305-11issue
5eissn
0105-1873issn
1600-0536journal_volume
72pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The aim of our study was to report the frequency of sensitization to hairdressing allergens in a group of patients with contact dermatitis, in whom previous treatments with hair dyes or permanent wave solutions were suspected to be the cause. 49 of 261 hairdressers' clients (18.7%), who were patch tested with the hair...
journal_title：Contact dermatitis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0536.1992.tb00893.x
更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:While allergy to food proteins is almost exclusively found in association with atopy, it has been our experience that contact allergy to some contact allergens/haptens with both cutaneous and gastrointestinal exposures is reduced in atopic dermatitis (AD) patients as a group. OBJECTIVE:To assess the contact...
journal_title：Contact dermatitis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0536.2008.01321.x
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) is one of the most pressing problems in occupational medicine and is common in the food processing industry. To date, protective creams that fulfil the special requirements in the foodstuffs industry have not been available. Therefore, we studied the efficacy of pre-exposure a...
journal_title：Contact dermatitis
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1034/j.1600-0536.2002.460102.x
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In some patients with atopic dermatitis (AD), delayed-type allergy to aeroallergens, such as house dust mite, can be demonstrated by patch testing. Positive patch tests can be expected only in patients with AD and, in them, only to aeroallergens to which type 1 reactions have also been demonstrated. In an as yet unkno...
journal_title：Contact dermatitis
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0536.1989.tb03197.x
更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the first conundrum, permanent hair dyeing involves the use of aromatic amines such as p-phenylenediamine (PPD), whose oxidation is pivotal to the dyeing process, but also generates potent allergens. Despite prolonged efforts by industry to search for safer alternatives, hair dyeing is still reliant on this type of...
journal_title：Contact dermatitis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/cod.13171
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Skin compatibility of anionic surfactants may often but not always be predicted by in vitro tests. For instance, the correlation between in vivo and in vitro data is classically hampered in the presence of magnesium. This ion is known to interfere with in vitro skin irritation predictive tests based on protein denatur...
journal_title：Contact dermatitis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0536.1995.tb00445.x
更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Contact sensitivity to 4 polyamines present in technical grade triethylenetetramine was investigated using the 'VAA mouse' assay and the guinea pig maximization test (GPMT). The criteria used to assess sensitivity in the GPMT classed all substances as having the same degree of sensitising potential. The mouse assay ra...
journal_title：Contact dermatitis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0536.1988.tb04498.x
更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nickel-elicited systemic contact dermatitis is a well-known entity, although it is far less common than allergic contact dermatitis. In most of the cases, the main way of nickel administration is oral. Clinical manifestations are miscellaneous including pompholyx, diffuse exanthema, flexural dermatitis or baboon syndr...
journal_title：Contact dermatitis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.0105-1873.2005.00689.x
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Severe allergic contact dermatitis from a paint mildewcide, 2-n-octyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, developed in a worker formulating latex paints within a paint manufacturing company, Guinea pig maximization testing demonstrated this to be a moderate sensitizer. Further cases of allergic contact dermatitis may be encountered...
journal_title：Contact dermatitis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0536.1983.tb04473.x
更新日期：1983-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A way of adapting a treatment room for patch test purposes is described. ...
journal_title：Contact dermatitis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0536.1975.tb05362.x
更新日期：1975-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the study was to assess occupational hazards to the farmer's skin associated with processing thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.). 46 farmers were studied during the threshing of dried thyme. They were questioned about work-related skin problems and examined before and after work. In all persons, serum thyme-specific...
journal_title：Contact dermatitis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1034/j.1600-0536.2001.044004235.x
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sixty-six patients who had to undergo total hip replacement by means of a metal-to-plastic Stanmore prosthesis, were patch-tested prior to and 6 to 12 months after surgery with the standard ICDRG all allergens series and with acrylic monomer 5% in acetone. In 62 patients the history of metal allergy as well as the pat...
journal_title：Contact dermatitis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0536.1976.tb03044.x
更新日期：1976-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Allergens used for patch testing in the hairdressing series vary between dermatology centres in the UK. The aim of our study is to ascertain the hairdressing allergens currently in use and their test results in several dermatology centres in the UK. Data were obtained from databases in 9 dermatology departments. The a...
journal_title：Contact dermatitis
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1111/j.0105-1873.2005.00661.x
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sensitization to olive oil is seldom reported in the literature. By use of epicutaneous tests a delayed type of hypersensitivity to pure freshly-prepared olive oil could be demonstrated in two patients. Patch tests with certain major constituents of olive oil; the methyl ester of linoleic acid, the glyceryl ester of p...
journal_title：Contact dermatitis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0536.1981.tb04086.x
更新日期：1981-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Positive patch test reactions to mixtures of oxidized terpenes containing allergenic hydroperoxides are frequently reported. However, human sensitization data for these hydroperoxides are not available. OBJECTIVES:To analyse and evaluate the human sensitization potential and potency of hydroperoxides in vit...
journal_title：Contact dermatitis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/cod.13286
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Hand eczema is a disease with large variation in clinical presentation and severity. Scoring systems for quantitative severity assessment exist. However, they are observer-dependent. An objective quantitative tool for scoring of hand eczema would improve categorization of hand eczema. OBJECTIVE:To investiga...
journal_title：Contact dermatitis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/cod.13377
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 59-year-old saleswoman of black hats presented with a severe purpuric eruption of the exposed areas of the face, neck and arms. Patch testing to paraphenylenediamine produced a purpuric test reaction. Similar eruptions have been reported due to N-isopropyl-N-phenylparaphenylenediamine (IPPD), a rubber antioxidant. T...
journal_title：Contact dermatitis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0536.1978.tb03793.x
更新日期：1978-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Henna (Lawsonia inermis, family Lythraceae) is a shrub cultivated in India, Sri Lanka and North Africa and contains the active dye lawsone (2-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone). Henna dye is obtained from the dried leaves, which are powdered and mixed with oil or water and are used to prepare hair and body dyes. Temporary he...
journal_title：Contact dermatitis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.0105-1873.2006.00845.x
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The arylpropionic acid derivatives (APADs) ketoprofen and tiaprofenic acid can provoke photoallergic dermatitis. Possible cross-reactivity between APADs is of importance in patients using nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Because of the similarities in chemical structures, we investigated patients with photoallerg...
journal_title：Contact dermatitis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0536.1998.tb05737.x
更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A method for quantitative determination of thiuram and carbamate derivatives released from rubber gloves into synthetic sweat is presented. The analysis was based upon determination of ester derivatives using gas-chromatography/mass spectrometry and isotope-dilution. The detection limit was 0.1 mg thiuram/carbamate in...
journal_title：Contact dermatitis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0536.1993.tb03343.x
更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of the C11-OH substituent of the corticosteroid molecule in relation to contact allergy to corticosteroids. This group, which is essential for glucocorticoid activity, is not present in other steroid molecules, such as deoxycortisol, progestagens, testosterone, and estro...
journal_title：Contact dermatitis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0536.1992.tb00286.x
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:5 cases of allergic contact dermatitis due to budesonide are described. We studied the antigen determinant structures in these cases by applying patch tests with several substances related to budesonide. 2 cases showed cross-reactions to both amcinonide and prednisolone acetate. The antigen determinant structure is al...
journal_title：Contact dermatitis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0536.1993.tb03404.x
更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Reactivity of white and hispanic skin after exposure to sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS) has been investigated. The tests were performed on the back as follows: untreated skin, skin pre-treated with short-term occlusion and delipidized skin. Irritant reactions were induced by applying 0.5% and 2.0% SLS via Finn chamber pa...
journal_title：Contact dermatitis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0536.1988.tb05512.x
更新日期：1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is a widespread, but largely unsubstantiated, view that certain skin types may be more susceptible to the effect of skin irritants than others. One expression of this would be that certain ethnic groups may also be more likely to experience skin irritation. As a consequence, when evaluating the skin compatibilit...
journal_title：Contact dermatitis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1034/j.1600-0536.2001.450605.x
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In continuation of our preceding studies, we disclose long-term experiments to test more extensively the protective power of the novel 4H Glove. 2 compounds encountered in modern electron microscopy technique, 1-hexadecene (1-HD) and 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (2-HEA), which elicit allergic and/or toxic reactions in labo...
journal_title：Contact dermatitis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0536.1992.tb00122.x
更新日期：1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sixteen patients with verified light sensitivity to both UVB and UVA wavebands showed allergic reactions to various lichen plants (Parmelia spp., Hypogymnia spp., Pseuodovernia spp., Cladonia spp., Platismatia spp., Physcia spp., Umbilicaria spp. and Cetraria spp.). Among the aromatic lichen compounds, atranorin was o...
journal_title：Contact dermatitis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0536.1980.tb03911.x
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Contact allergy to epoxy (meth)acrylates, 2,2-bis[4-(2-hydroxy-3-methacryloxypropoxy) phenyl]propane (bis-GMA), 2,2-bis[4-(2-hydroxy-3-acryloxypropoxy)phenyl]-propane (bis-GA), 2,2-bis[4-(methacryl-oxyethoxy)phenyl] propane (bis-EMA), 2,2-bis[4-(methacryloxy)phenyl]-propane (bis-MA), and glycidyl methacrylat...
journal_title：Contact dermatitis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0536.2009.01574.x
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Between 1995 and 1999, 1986 patients were tested in the 31 participating centres of the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK), all of them members of the German Contact Dermatitis Research Group, with a textile dyes series containing Disperse Blue (DB) 106 and 124, and since 1997 also with a mix of ...
journal_title：Contact dermatitis
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1034/j.1600-0536.2001.044003173.x
更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The prevalence of p-phenylenediamine (PPD) sensitization is 4% in the patch tested population and varies between zero and 1.5% in the general population. Hair dye is a recognised sensitization source. OBJECTIVES:To define the prevalence rates of PPD sensitization in the general and patch tested populations ...
journal_title：Contact dermatitis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/cod.12354
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a study of sickness absence due to occupational dermatoses among 360 construction workers in a prefabrication construction factory in 1984, we found 3 workers with allergic contact dermatitis from chromate in cement who required medical leave. There were 5 sickness absence spells due to occupational dermatoses and ...
journal_title：Contact dermatitis
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0536.1986.tb01257.x
更新日期：1986-07-01 00:00:00
