Abstract:
:With the development of ultra-intense laser technology, MeV ions can be obtained from laser-foil interactions in the laboratory. These energetic ion beams can be applied in fast ignition for inertial confinement fusion, medical therapy, and proton imaging. However, these ions are mainly accelerated in the laser propagation direction. Ion acceleration in an azimuthal orientation was scarcely studied. In this research, a doughnut Laguerre-Gaussian (LG) laser is used for the first time to examine laser-plasma interaction in the relativistic intensity regime in three-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations. Studies have shown that a novel rotation of the plasma is produced from the hollow screw-like drill of an mode laser. The angular momentum of particles in the longitudinal direction produced by the LG laser is enhanced compared with that produced by the usual laser pulses, such as linearly and circularly polarized Gaussian pulses. Moreover, the particles (including electrons and ions) can be trapped and uniformly compressed in the dark central minimum of the doughnut LG pulse. The hollow-structured LG laser has potential applications in the generation of x-rays with orbital angular momentum, plasma accelerators, fast ignition for inertial confinement fusion, and pulsars in the astrophysical environment.
journal_name
Sci Repjournal_title
Scientific reportsauthors
Wang W,Shen B,Zhang X,Zhang L,Shi Y,Xu Zdoi
10.1038/srep08274subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-02-05 00:00:00pages
8274issn
2045-2322pii
srep08274journal_volume
5pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Parasites comprise a huge part of the biodiversity on earth. However, on a local scale, not much is known about their diversity and community structure. Here, we assess the diversity of larval trematode communities in an interconnected freshwater system of the River Ruhr in Germany and analyse how the parasites are sp...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-59548-5
更新日期:2020-02-14 00:00:00
abstract::Spliced leader dependent trans-splicing (SLTS) has been described as an important RNA regulatory process that occurs in different organisms, including the trematode Schistosoma mansoni. We identified more than seven thousand putative SLTS sites in the parasite, comprising genes with a wide spectrum of functional class...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-22093-3
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cardiomyocytes differentiated from human pluripotent stem cells provide promising tools for screening of cardiotoxic drugs. For evaluation of human pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes for cardiotoxicity test, in the present study, human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) were differentiated to cardiomyocytes, follo...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-14198-y
更新日期:2017-10-23 00:00:00
abstract::Several systems can be represented as multiplex networks, i.e. in terms of a superposition of various graphs, each related to a different mode of connection between nodes. Hence, the definition of proper mathematical quantities aiming at capturing the added level of complexity of those systems is required. Various ste...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep09120
更新日期:2015-03-13 00:00:00
abstract::Antimonite [Sb(III)]-oxidizing bacteria can transform the toxic Sb(III) into the less toxic antimonate [Sb(V)]. Recently, the cytoplasmic Sb(III)-oxidase AnoA and the periplasmic arsenite [As(III)] oxidase AioAB were shown to responsible for bacterial Sb(III) oxidation, however, disruption of each gene only partially ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep43225
更新日期:2017-03-02 00:00:00
abstract::The interaction of (quasi)particles with a periodic potential arises in various domains of science and engineering, such as solid-state physics, chemical physics, and communication theory. An attractive test ground to investigate this interaction is represented by superconductors with artificial pinning sites, where m...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-14232-z
更新日期:2017-10-23 00:00:00
abstract::How exponentially growing cells maintain size homeostasis is an important fundamental problem. Recent single-cell studies in prokaryotes have uncovered the adder principle, where cells add a fixed size (volume) from birth to division, irrespective of their size at birth. To mechanistically explain the adder principle,...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep30229
更新日期:2016-07-26 00:00:00
abstract::The potency of cellular immune responses strongly depends on T cell avidity to antigen. Yet, functional avidity measurements are rarely performed in patients, mainly due to the technical challenges of characterizing heterogeneous T cells. The mean functional T cell avidity can be determined by the IFN-γ Elispot assay,...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep44320
更新日期:2017-03-13 00:00:00
abstract::Sex hormones influence the prevalence and the outcome of heart diseases. The conversion of testosterone to its more active metabolite dihydrotestosterone drives cardiac growth and dysfunction, while inhibition of this step by the anti-androgenic drug finasteride counteracts these pathological processes in preclinical ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-46640-8
更新日期:2019-07-12 00:00:00
abstract::Sea-surface temperature (SST) warming events, which are projected to increase in frequency and intensity with climate change, represent major threats to coral reefs. How these events impact reef carbonate budgets, and thus the capacity of reefs to sustain vertical growth under rising sea levels, remains poorly quantif...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep40581
更新日期:2017-01-13 00:00:00
abstract::Archaeologically defined Upper Palaeolithic (UP, 45,000-10,000 years ago) "cultures" are often used as proxies to designate fossil populations. While recent genomic studies have partly clarified the complex relationship between European UP "cultures" and past population dynamics, they leave open numerous questions reg...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-78841-x
更新日期:2020-12-14 00:00:00
abstract::The high growth rate of Ulva seaweeds makes it a potential algal biomass resource. In particular, Ulva meridionalis grows up to fourfold a day. Here, we demonstrated strong carbon fixation by U. meridionalis using 13C stable isotope labelling and traced the 13C flux through sugar metabolites with isotope-ratio mass sp...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-77237-1
更新日期:2020-11-23 00:00:00
abstract::Efforts for tissue engineering vascular grafts focuses on the tunica media and intima, although the tunica adventitia serves as the primary structural support for blood vessels. In surgery, during endarterectomies, surgeons can strip the vessel, leaving the adventitia as the main strength layer to close the vessel. He...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-21681-7
更新日期:2018-02-19 00:00:00
abstract::Submillimetre-sized plastic particles (microplastics and nanoplastics) of waste origin in the environment have been repeatedly suggested in recent years to have severe impact on living organisms. While the uptake of these materials has been unequivocally evidenced for animals, so far no adverse effects have been obser...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-52495-w
更新日期:2019-11-05 00:00:00
abstract::Clinical trials have recently demonstrated the effectiveness of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) in preventing HIV infection. Consequently, PrEP may soon be used for epidemic control. We model the dynamic interactions that will occur between treatment programs and potential PrEP interventions in resource-constrained co...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep00185
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies of personality have suggested that dissimilarities in ability to cope with stressful situations results in differing tendency to develop addictive behaviors. The present study used selectively bred stress-resilient, socially-dominant (Dom) and stress-vulnerable, socially-submissive (Sub) mice to investigate th...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-19816-x
更新日期:2018-01-29 00:00:00
abstract::The role of orbital differentiation on the emergence of superconductivity in the Fe-based superconductors remains an open question to the scientific community. In this investigation, we employ a suitable microscopic spin probe technique, namely Electron Spin Resonance (ESR), to investigate this issue on selected chemi...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep06543
更新日期:2014-10-08 00:00:00
abstract::Bacterial infections are a major threat to the health of patients in healthcare facilities including hospitals. One of the major causes of patient morbidity is infection with Staphylococcus aureus. One of the the most dominant nosocomial bacteria, Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have been reported t...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep24770
更新日期:2016-04-21 00:00:00
abstract::This study was intended to determine the efficacy of nivolumab, we evaluated treatment response with respect to PD-1/PD-L1 SNPs among patients with NSCLC. A total of 50 patients with NSCLC were treated with nivolumab and were also evaluated for PD-1/PD-L1 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from plasma DNA. We inve...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep45124
更新日期:2017-03-23 00:00:00
abstract::Visual acuity can be measured in many different ways, including with letters and Vernier offsets. Prior psychophysical work has suggested that the two acuities are strongly linked given that they both depend strongly on retinal eccentricity and both are similarly affected in amblyopia. Here we used high-density EEG re...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-020-72370-3
更新日期:2020-09-22 00:00:00
abstract::Autophagy is a cellular homeostatic mechanism where proteins and organelles are digested and recycled to provide an alternative source of building blocks and energy to cells. The role of autophagy in cancer microenvironment is still poorly understood. Here, we present a microfluidic system allowing monitoring of the c...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-02172-7
更新日期:2017-05-17 00:00:00
abstract::Present study, for the first time, reports the development of a nanohybridized baculovirus based stent that can locally promote vascular re-endothelialization by efficient delivery of pro-angiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor (Vegf) genes. In vitro data demonstrated rapid expression of functionally active Vegf...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep02366
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Coral reefs all over the Indo-Pacific suffer from substantial damage caused by the crown-of-thorns seastar Acanthaster planci, a voracious predator that moves on and between reefs to seek out its coral prey. Chemoreception is thought to guide A. planci. As vision was recently introduced as another sense involved in se...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep30834
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In plants and parenchymatous brown algae the body arises through the activity of an apical meristem (a niche of cells or a single cell). The meristem produces lateral organs in specific patterns, referred to as phyllotaxis. In plants, two different control mechanisms have been proposed: one is position-dependent and r...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-017-13767-5
更新日期:2017-10-24 00:00:00
abstract::Textile forms of solar cells possess special advantages over other types of solar cells, including their light weight, high flexibility, and mechanical robustness. Recent demand for wearable devices has promoted interest in the development of high-efficiency textile-based solar cells for energy suppliers. However, the...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep05322
更新日期:2014-06-24 00:00:00
abstract::Melanosomes (melanin-bearing organelles) are common in the fossil record occurring as dense packs of globular microbodies. The organic component comprising the melanosome, melanin, is often preserved in fossils, allowing identification of the chemical nature of the constituent pigment. In present-day vertebrates, mela...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41598-019-52318-y
更新日期:2019-11-04 00:00:00
abstract::As fine particle (FP) pollution is harmful to humans, previous studies have focused on the mechanisms of FP removal by forests. The current study aims to compare the FP removal capacities of urban forests and wetlands on the leaf, canopy, and landscape scales. Water washing and scanning electron microscopy are used to...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep46214
更新日期:2017-04-10 00:00:00
abstract::The near infrared (NIR) absorption and average particle size of gold nanostars (GNSs) can be precisely controlled by varying the molar ratios of cucurbit[7]urils (CB[7]) and GNSs in aqueous solution. GNSs modified with CB[7] achieved high cargo loading with thermally activated release upon the NIR laser irradiation. ...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep22239
更新日期:2016-02-26 00:00:00
abstract::We propose a new express method of the correlation characterization of the particles suspended in the volume of optically transparent medium. It utilizes inline digital holography technique for obtaining two images of the adjacent layers from the investigated volume with subsequent matching of the cross-correlation fu...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep43840
更新日期:2017-03-02 00:00:00
abstract::The recent discovery that human noroviruses (huNoVs) recognize sialic acids (SAs) in addition to histo-blood group antigens (HBGAs) pointed to a new direction in studying virus-host interactions during calicivirus infection. HuNoVs remain difficult to study due to the lack of an effective cell culture model. In this s...
journal_title:Scientific reports
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/srep11784
更新日期:2015-07-06 00:00:00