Abstract:
INTRODUCTION:A limited number of in vivo studies have discussed the prevalence of middle mesial canals in root canal systems of mandibular molars. The reported results have varied between 1% and 25%, with no detailed description of the depth and direction of troughing needed to identify such small canal orifices. The objective of the present study was to determine (1) the prevalence of a middle mesial canal before and after troughing by using a standardized troughing technique, (2) the pathway of the middle mesial canal in relation to the mesiobuccal (MB) and mesiolingual (ML) canals, and (3) its correlation with the patient's age. METHODS:Ninety-one mandibular molars from 87 patients were included in this study. The patient's age and tooth number were recorded. After access cavity preparation, a standardized troughing technique was performed between MB and ML canals to search for a middle mesial canal by using a dental operating microscope. If a middle mesial canal was located, it was recorded as separate or as joining the MB or the ML canals. Results were statistically analyzed by using Z test and logistic regression. RESULTS:A middle mesial canal was found in 42 of 91 mandibular molars (46.2%). Six middle mesial canals were located after conventional access preparation (6.6%). The other 36 were located after standardized troughing (39.6%). The results were statistically significant (P < .001). There was a higher tendency to locate the middle mesial canal in second molars (60%) versus first molars (37.5%). Younger patients had a significantly higher incidence of a middle mesial canal (P = .004). CONCLUSIONS:The middle mesial canal was present in 46.2% of mandibular molars. High magnification, troughing, and patient's age appeared to be determining factors in accessing the middle mesial canal.
journal_name
J Endodjournal_title
Journal of endodonticsauthors
Azim AA,Deutsch AS,Solomon CSdoi
10.1016/j.joen.2014.09.013subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-02-01 00:00:00pages
164-8issue
2eissn
0099-2399issn
1878-3554pii
S0099-2399(14)00900-5journal_volume
41pub_type
杂志文章abstract:INTRODUCTION:This study examined the dynamic fracture behavior of nickel-titanium rotary instruments in torsional or cyclic loading at continuous or reciprocating rotation by means of high-speed digital video imaging. METHODS:The ProFile instruments (size 30, 0.06 taper; Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) we...
journal_title:Journal of endodontics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.joen.2017.03.024
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Idiopathic bone cavity (IBC) is an uncommon bone lesion that usually affects youngsters as an unilocular radiolucency with predilection for the posterior mandible. Because the lesion is frequently located in proximity to the adjacent teeth, chronic apical periodontitis is commonly included as a differentia...
journal_title:Journal of endodontics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.joen.2020.11.004
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:We evaluated the radiopacity and antibacterial properties of various concentrations of double antibiotic paste (DAP) containing barium sulfate (BaSO4) or zirconium oxide (ZrO2) radiopaque agents. METHODS:The radiopacity of 1, 10, and 25 mg/mL DAP containing 30% (w/v) BaSO4 or ZrO2, DAP-free radiopaque pas...
journal_title:Journal of endodontics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.joen.2018.06.010
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A previous study showed that the ferret canine is an appropriate model for inducing periapical lesions. Ferret canines were used in this study to study changes in periapical lesions after root canal treatment (RCT). After periapical pathosis was induced in the maxillary and mandibular canines of six ferrets, RCT was p...
journal_title:Journal of endodontics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S0099-2399(06)80506-6
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the volume of removed dentin, transportation, and centering ability of ProTaper Next (PTN) system with and without glide path preparation by using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) imaging. METHODS:Sixty mesiobuccal canals of mandibular first molars...
journal_title:Journal of endodontics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.joen.2014.09.001
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mesiobuccal roots of 50 randomly selected maxillary first molars were examined to assess the incidence and position of the canal isthmus. Transverse serial sections of the apical 6 mm of each root were prepared in 1-mm increments. The apical side of each section was stained with methylene blue dye, viewed with a s...
journal_title:Journal of endodontics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0099-2399(06)80975-1
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Calcium hydroxide (CH) and nano-calcium hydroxide (NCH) as intracanal medicaments may affect the physical and chemical properties of dentin. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the effects of CH and NCH on the microhardness and superficial chemical structure of radicular dentin. METHODS:In this ...
journal_title:Journal of endodontics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.joen.2019.06.002
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:This study quantitatively evaluated the type and amount of image artifacts generated by different intracanal materials in birooted teeth scanned at different exposure parameters. METHODS:The sample consisted of 15 birooted premolars. Seven different intracanal material combinations were used in each tooth...
journal_title:Journal of endodontics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.joen.2018.11.007
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ocular complications after an inferior alveolar nerve anesthesia are rare. These complications, although temporary and benign, can be distressing to both the patient and the clinician. A 37-year-old male patient was administered an inferior alveolar nerve block for the root canal treatment of tooth #30. Immediately af...
journal_title:Journal of endodontics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.joen.2018.05.005
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The aim of this study was to compare the sensitivity and specificity of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans and digital periapical radiographs (PR) in detecting strip and root perforations after root canal treatment in mandibular molars. METHODS:Forty-five curved mesial roots were endodontically pr...
journal_title:Journal of endodontics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.joen.2010.12.003
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Apical periodontitis and its concomitant periapical osteolysis is caused by pulpal infection, and bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is known to play a major role in the bone resorption process. Little is known concerning the effect of root canal intervisit dressings on residual LPS in root canals after bacterial cell...
journal_title:Journal of endodontics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S0099-2399(06)81199-4
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many root canal instruments with several different designs have been introduced during recent years. This article evaluates the machining properties of four such instruments: the Flex-R, K-Flex, Trio-Cut, and S file. There are large variations in the machining properties of these instruments. The results are comparabl...
journal_title:Journal of endodontics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0099-2399(07)80200-7
更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Securing a reproducible glide path before instrumentation is recommended to maintain the original geometry of the root canal system and to prevent file separation. Mechanical glide path management systems have been introduced to expedite this step. The aim of this study was to compare apical transportation...
journal_title:Journal of endodontics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.joen.2015.07.014
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study evaluates the morphological changes in root canal walls and temperature changes at root surfaces as a result of intracanal irradiation by erbium,chromium:YSGG laser under various conditions in vitro. Sixty single-rooted human teeth were examined. Root canals were prepared, and laser irradiation was p...
journal_title:Journal of endodontics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00004770-200101000-00003
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The extraoral sinus tract may occur as a result of an inflammatory process associated with a necrotic pulp. However, several non-odontogenic disorders may also produce an extraoral sinus tract. Thus, the differential diagnosis of this clinical finding is of paramount importance in providing appropriate clinical care b...
journal_title:Journal of endodontics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004770-200312000-00015
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The aim of this study was to investigate the number of roots and the morphology of the root canals of maxillary and mandibular premolars in a selected German population. METHODS:Randomly selected full-size cone-beam computed tomographic images were collected from 700 patients (45% men and 55% women, avera...
journal_title:Journal of endodontics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.joen.2017.03.044
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Endodontic diagnostic tests are often used clinically to assess pulp status as a basis for the diagnosis and determination of whether root canal treatment (RCT) is indicated. Response to cold and pain on percussion are 2 common tests, yet their validity in identifying nonvital pulp in regular dental practi...
journal_title:Journal of endodontics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.joen.2016.03.016
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Different single-file systems are available for endodontic treatment; however, comparative studies are scarce. Thus, the present study evaluated bacterial reduction promoted by 2 single-file systems: Wave One (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland) and One Shape (Micromega, Besancon, France). METHOD...
journal_title:Journal of endodontics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.joen.2014.07.024
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fusion and gemination are developmental anomalies of the dental hard tissues that might require endodontic and surgical treatment for functional, orthodontic, or esthetic reasons. In this article, we report a rare case of successful endodontic management of unilateral fused mandibular second molar with a paramolar. Th...
journal_title:Journal of endodontics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.joen.2007.06.021
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study, we investigated the effect of the addition of different grades of gum rosins and hydrogenated resins to Grossman cement on dimensional stability, solubility and disintegration. pH and conductivity, which may affect these properties, were also determined. The experiments were performed according t...
journal_title:Journal of endodontics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/S0099-2399(99)80284-2
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:This study aimed to examine the dynamic recovery of established multispecies biofilms of oral bacteria after an initial treatment by D-enantiomeric peptide DJK-5, L-enantiomeric peptide 1018, or chlorhexidine digluconate (CHX). METHODS:Oral biofilms from 2 donors were grown on collagen-coated hydroxyapati...
journal_title:Journal of endodontics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.joen.2020.11.020
更新日期:2020-11-25 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Cell migration is an important step in pulpal wound healing. Although components in the resin-based dental materials are known to have adverse effects on pulp wound healing including proliferation and mineralization, their effects on cell migration have been scarcely examined. Here, we investigated the eff...
journal_title:Journal of endodontics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.joen.2013.06.004
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study aimed to investigate periapical exudate neutrophil elastase (NE) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels and their relationships with clinical symptoms, and to determine the changes of their levels following first treatment visit. Periapical exudate samples were collected from the canals of 34 nonvital single-ro...
journal_title:Journal of endodontics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.don.0000158010.43884.59
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has the potential to aid in determining the presence and extent of cracks/fractures in teeth because of better contrast without ionizing radiation. The objectives were to develop MRI criteria for root crack/fracture identification and to establish reliability and accuracy i...
journal_title:Journal of endodontics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.joen.2019.03.008
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The aim of this study was to compare 2 reciprocating nickel-titanium systems with different manufacturing characteristics and to evaluate the influence of simulated clinical use on their torsional resistance. METHODS:New 25/.08 WaveOne Primary (WO; Dentsply Sirona, York, PA) and 25/.07 WaveOne Gold Primar...
journal_title:Journal of endodontics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.joen.2019.04.009
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:This review aimed to compare the kinematic effect of nickel-titanium instruments with reciprocating and continuous rotation motion for cyclic fatigue resistance, shaping ability, apical debris extrusion, and dentinal defects or cracks. METHOD:Articles were selected for inclusion in this review if they ful...
journal_title:Journal of endodontics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.joen.2016.04.002
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Little is known about the effect of aging on characteristic functions of pulp cells. When damaged pulp is recovered and mineralized tissue is formed to protect remaining pulp tissue, the general responses of pulp tissue after adequate stimuli (pulp cell proliferation and activation of alkaline phosphatase [ALPase]) ar...
journal_title:Journal of endodontics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004770-200301000-00003
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this in vitro study was to investigate the effect of the smear layer on apical microleakage in teeth obturated with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). Fifty single-rooted central maxillary teeth were used in this study. All teeth were instrumented to size 60 by using the step-back technique. The selected tee...
journal_title:Journal of endodontics
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.joen.2008.08.022
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of occlusal load on the integrity of root canal obturation. Maxillary anterior teeth were cleaned, shaped, and obturated with either gutta-percha (GP)/AH Plus or Resilon/Epiphany. Afterwards, teeth were placed under 100 N force at 2 Hz for 22 hours in a 37 degrees C...
journal_title:Journal of endodontics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.joen.2008.01.022
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to compare the antimicrobial efficacy of 1.3% NaOCl/BioPure MTAD to 5.25% NaOCl/15% EDTA for root canal irrigation. Twenty-six bilaterally matched pairs of human teeth were collected. The teeth were incubated with Enterococcus faecalis for 4 weeks. The teeth were divided into two experime...
journal_title:Journal of endodontics
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.joen.2006.08.007
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00