Alternative splicing at GYNNGY 5' splice sites: more noise, less regulation.

Abstract:

:Numerous eukaryotic genes are alternatively spliced. Recently, deep transcriptome sequencing has skyrocketed proportion of alternatively spliced genes; over 95% human multi-exon genes are alternatively spliced. One fundamental question is: are all these alternative splicing (AS) events functional? To look into this issue, we studied the most common form of alternative 5' splice sites-GYNNGYs (Y = C/T), where both GYs can function as splice sites. Global analyses suggest that splicing noise (due to stochasticity of splicing process) can cause AS at GYNNGYs, evidenced by higher AS frequency in non-coding than in coding regions, in non-conserved than in conserved genes and in lowly expressed than in highly expressed genes. However, ∼20% AS GYNNGYs in humans and ∼3% in mice exhibit tissue-dependent regulation. Consistent with being functional, regulated GYNNGYs are more conserved than unregulated ones. And regulated GYNNGYs have distinctive sequence features which may confer regulation. Particularly, each regulated GYNNGY comprises two splice sites more resembling each other than unregulated GYNNGYs, and has more conserved downstream flanking intron. Intriguingly, most regulated GYNNGYs may tune gene expression through coupling with nonsense-mediated mRNA decay, rather than encode different proteins. In summary, AS at GYNNGY 5' splice sites is primarily splicing noise, and secondarily a way of regulation.

journal_name

Nucleic Acids Res

journal_title

Nucleic acids research

authors

Wang M,Zhang P,Shu Y,Yuan F,Zhang Y,Zhou Y,Jiang M,Zhu Y,Hu L,Kong X,Zhang Z

doi

10.1093/nar/gku1253

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2014-12-16 00:00:00

pages

13969-80

issue

22

eissn

0305-1048

issn

1362-4962

pii

gku1253

journal_volume

42

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Effect of primary and secondary structure of oligodeoxyribonucleotides on the fluorescent properties of conjugated dyes.

    abstract::We studied fluorescence intensity, polarization and lifetime of some commonly used fluorophores conjugated to oligodeoxyribonucleotides with different primary and secondary structures. We found that fluorescence intensity can increase or decrease upon hybridization of the labeled strand to its complement depending on ...

    journal_title:Nucleic acids research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/nar/30.9.2089

    authors: Nazarenko I,Pires R,Lowe B,Obaidy M,Rashtchian A

    更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00

  • Clone DB: an integrated NCBI resource for clone-associated data.

    abstract::The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) Clone DB (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clone/) is an integrated resource providing information about and facilitating access to clones, which serve as valuable research reagents in many fields, including genome sequencing and variation analysis. Clone DB represen...

    journal_title:Nucleic acids research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/nar/gks1164

    authors: Schneider VA,Chen HC,Clausen C,Meric PA,Zhou Z,Bouk N,Husain N,Maglott DR,Church DM

    更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00

  • A thermodynamic overview of naturally occurring intramolecular DNA quadruplexes.

    abstract::Loop length and its composition are important for the structural and functional versatility of quadruplexes. To date studies on the loops have mainly concerned model sequences compared with naturally occurring quadruplex sequences which have diverse loop lengths and compositions. Herein, we have characterized 36 quadr...

    journal_title:Nucleic acids research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/nar/gkn543

    authors: Kumar N,Maiti S

    更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00

  • SBSPKS: structure based sequence analysis of polyketide synthases.

    abstract::Polyketide synthases (PKSs) catalyze biosynthesis of a diverse family of pharmaceutically important secondary metabolites. Bioinformatics analysis of sequence and structural features of PKS proteins plays a crucial role in discovery of new natural products by genome mining, as well as in design of novel secondary meta...

    journal_title:Nucleic acids research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/nar/gkq340

    authors: Anand S,Prasad MV,Yadav G,Kumar N,Shehara J,Ansari MZ,Mohanty D

    更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00

  • Carboxy terminal modifications of the P0 protein reveal alternative mechanisms of nuclear ribosomal stalk assembly.

    abstract::The P0 scaffold protein of the ribosomal stalk is mainly incorporated into pre-ribosomes in the cytoplasm where it replaces the assembly factor Mrt4. In analyzing the role of the P0 carboxyl terminal domain (CTD) during ribosomal stalk assembly, we found that its complete removal yields a protein that is functionally ...

    journal_title:Nucleic acids research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/nar/gkt637

    authors: Francisco-Velilla R,Remacha M,Ballesta JP

    更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00

  • Hydroxyl-radical footprinting combined with molecular modeling identifies unique features of DNA conformation and nucleosome positioning.

    abstract::Nucleosomes are the most abundant protein-DNA complexes in eukaryotes that provide compaction of genomic DNA and are implicated in regulation of transcription, DNA replication and repair. The details of DNA positioning on the nucleosome and the DNA conformation can provide key regulatory signals. Hydroxyl-radical foot...

    journal_title:Nucleic acids research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/nar/gkx616

    authors: Shaytan AK,Xiao H,Armeev GA,Wu C,Landsman D,Panchenko AR

    更新日期:2017-09-19 00:00:00

  • Rational evolution of Cd2+-specific DNAzymes with phosphorothioate modified cleavage junction and Cd2+ sensing.

    abstract::In vitro selection of RNA-cleaving DNAzymes is a powerful method for isolating metal-specific DNA. A few successful examples are known, but it is still difficult to target some thiophilic metals such as Cd(2+) due to limited functional groups in DNA. While using modified bases expands the chemical functionality of DNA...

    journal_title:Nucleic acids research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/nar/gkv519

    authors: Huang PJ,Liu J

    更新日期:2015-07-13 00:00:00

  • PIECE 2.0: an update for the plant gene structure comparison and evolution database.

    abstract::PIECE (Plant Intron Exon Comparison and Evolution) is a web-accessible database that houses intron and exon information of plant genes. PIECE serves as a resource for biologists interested in comparing intron-exon organization and provides valuable insights into the evolution of gene structure in plant genomes. Recent...

    journal_title:Nucleic acids research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/nar/gkw935

    authors: Wang Y,Xu L,Thilmony R,You FM,Gu YQ,Coleman-Derr D

    更新日期:2017-01-04 00:00:00

  • GGRNA: an ultrafast, transcript-oriented search engine for genes and transcripts.

    abstract::GGRNA (http://GGRNA.dbcls.jp/) is a Google-like, ultrafast search engine for genes and transcripts. The web server accepts arbitrary words and phrases, such as gene names, IDs, gene descriptions, annotations of gene and even nucleotide/amino acid sequences through one simple search box, and quickly returns relevant Re...

    journal_title:Nucleic acids research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/nar/gks448

    authors: Naito Y,Bono H

    更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00

  • Gene amplification in methotrexate-resistant mouse cells. IV. Different DNA sequences are amplified in different resistant lines.

    abstract::DNA was purified from double minutes isolated from MTX-resistant EL4/8 mouse lymphoma cells, digested to completion with Bam H1 restriction endonuclease and cloned in lambda-1059. The properties of the library suggest that the DNA from which it was made was not detectably contaminated with non-dm chromosome material, ...

    journal_title:Nucleic acids research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/nar/10.21.6597

    authors: Caizzi R,Bostock CJ

    更新日期:1982-11-11 00:00:00

  • Global miRNA expression analysis identifies novel key regulators of plasma cell differentiation and malignant plasma cell.

    abstract::MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNAs that attenuate expression of their mRNA targets. Here, we developed a new method and an R package, to easily infer candidate miRNA-mRNA target interactions that could be functional during a given biological process. Using this method, we described, for the first time, a comp...

    journal_title:Nucleic acids research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/nar/gkx327

    authors: Kassambara A,Jourdan M,Bruyer A,Robert N,Pantesco V,Elemento O,Klein B,Moreaux J

    更新日期:2017-06-02 00:00:00

  • Molecular characterization of the MT-family of dispersed middle-repetitive DNA in rodent genomes.

    abstract::We report the consensus sequence of members of a new dispersed middle-repetitive DNA family, MT, which is present in mouse and rat genomes. This family is shown to be as abundant as the described rodent B1 and B2 families. Hybridization experiments with radioactive single-stranded cDNAs from different tissues indicate...

    journal_title:Nucleic acids research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/nar/14.16.6403

    authors: Heinlein UA,Lange-Sablitzky R,Schaal H,Wille W

    更新日期:1986-08-26 00:00:00

  • The mapping of nucleosomes and regulatory protein binding sites at the Saccharomyces cerevisiae MFA2 gene: a high resolution approach.

    abstract::We have developed an end-labelling approach to map the positions of nucleosomes and protein binding sites at nucleotide resolution by footprinting micrococcal nuclease (MNase)-sensitive sites. Using this approach we determined that the MFA2 gene and its upstream control regions have four positioned nucleosomes when tr...

    journal_title:Nucleic acids research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/nar/29.13.e64

    authors: Teng Y,Yu S,Waters R

    更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00

  • CentroidHomfold-LAST: accurate prediction of RNA secondary structure using automatically collected homologous sequences.

    abstract::Although secondary structure predictions of an individual RNA sequence have been widely used in a number of sequence analyses of RNAs, accuracy is still limited. Recently, we proposed a method (called 'CentroidHomfold'), which includes information about homologous sequences into the prediction of the secondary structu...

    journal_title:Nucleic acids research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/nar/gkr290

    authors: Hamada M,Yamada K,Sato K,Frith MC,Asai K

    更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00

  • Cloning the gyrA gene of Bacillus subtilis.

    abstract::We have isolated an eight kilobase fragment of Bacillus subtilis DNA by specific integration and excision of a plasmid containing a sequence adjacent to ribosomal operon rrn O. The genetic locus of the cloned fragment was verified by linkage of the integrated vector to nearby genetic markers using both transduction an...

    journal_title:Nucleic acids research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/nar/12.15.6307

    authors: Lampe MF,Bott KF

    更新日期:1984-08-10 00:00:00

  • The TGGCA protein binds to the MMTV-LTR, the adenovirus origin of replication, and the BK virus enhancer.

    abstract::TGGCA-binding proteins are nuclear proteins with high affinity for double-stranded DNA homologous to the prototype recognition sequence 5'YTGGCANNNTGCCAR 3'. Their ubiquitous tissue distribution in higher vertebrates characterizes them as a class of highly conserved proteins which may exert a basic function. To obtain...

    journal_title:Nucleic acids research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/nar/13.6.2045

    authors: Nowock J,Borgmeyer U,Püschel AW,Rupp RA,Sippel AE

    更新日期:1985-03-25 00:00:00

  • Cre-mediated germline mosaicism: a new transgenic mouse for the selective removal of residual markers from tri-lox conditional alleles.

    abstract::The binary Cre-lox conditional knockout system requires an essential part of the target gene to be flanked by loxP sites, enabling excision in vivo upon Cre expression. LoxP sites are introduced by homologous recombination, together with a selectable marker. However, this marker can disturb gene expression and should ...

    journal_title:Nucleic acids research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/nar/gng021

    authors: Leneuve P,Colnot S,Hamard G,Francis F,Niwa-Kawakita M,Giovannini M,Holzenberger M

    更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00

  • Fluorescence of 2-aminopurine reveals rapid conformational changes in the RB69 DNA polymerase-primer/template complexes upon binding and incorporation of matched deoxynucleoside triphosphates.

    abstract::We have used 2-aminopurine (2AP) as a fluorescent probe in the template strand of a 13/20mer primer/template (D) to detect deoxynucleoside triphosphates (N)-dependent conformational changes exhibited by RB69 DNA polymerase (ED) complexes. The rates and amplitudes of fluorescence quenching depend hyperbolically on the ...

    journal_title:Nucleic acids research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/nar/gkm587

    authors: Zhang H,Cao W,Zakharova E,Konigsberg W,De La Cruz EM

    更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00

  • Survey of chimeric IStron elements in bacterial genomes: multiple molecular symbioses between group I intron ribozymes and DNA transposons.

    abstract::IStrons are chimeric genetic elements composed of a group I intron associated with an insertion sequence (IS). The group I intron is a catalytic RNA providing the IStron with self-splicing ability, which renders IStron insertions harmless to the host genome. The IS element is a DNA transposon conferring mobility, and ...

    journal_title:Nucleic acids research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/nar/gku939

    authors: Tourasse NJ,Stabell FB,Kolstø AB

    更新日期:2014-11-10 00:00:00

  • The CUG codon is decoded in vivo as serine and not leucine in Candida albicans.

    abstract::Previous studies have shown that the yeast Candida albicans encodes a unique seryl-tRNA(CAG) that should decode the leucine codon CUG as serine. However, in vitro translation of several different CUG-containing mRNAs in the presence of this unusual seryl-tRNA(CAG) result in an apparent increase in the molecular weight...

    journal_title:Nucleic acids research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/nar/23.9.1481

    authors: Santos MA,Tuite MF

    更新日期:1995-05-11 00:00:00

  • PCR performance of the B-type DNA polymerase from the thermophilic euryarchaeon Thermococcus aggregans improved by mutations in the Y-GG/A motif.

    abstract::The effect of mutations in the highly conserved Y-GG/A motif of B-type DNA polymerases was studied in the DNA polymerase from the hyperthermophilic euryarchaeon Thermococcus aggregans. This motif plays a critical role in the balance between the synthesis and degradation of the DNA chain. Five different mutations of th...

    journal_title:Nucleic acids research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/nar/28.20.3910

    authors: Böhlke K,Pisani FM,Vorgias CE,Frey B,Sobek H,Rossi M,Antranikian G

    更新日期:2000-10-15 00:00:00

  • Cloning and characterization of two guide RNA-binding proteins from mitochondria of Crithidia fasciculata: gBP27, a novel protein, and gBP29, the orthologue of Trypanosoma brucei gBP21.

    abstract::In kinetoplastid protozoa, mitochondrial (mt) mRNAs are post-transcriptionally edited by insertion and deletion of uridylate residues, the information being provided by guide (g)RNAs. Currently popular mechanisms for the editing process envisage a series of consecutive 'cut-and-paste' reactions, carried out by a compl...

    journal_title:Nucleic acids research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/nar/29.14.2950

    authors: Blom D,Burg Jv,Breek CK,Speijer D,Muijsers AO,Benne R

    更新日期:2001-07-15 00:00:00

  • Synthesis in vitro of full length genomic RNA and assembly of the nucleocapsid of vesicular stomatitis virus in a coupled transcription-translation system.

    abstract::Synthesis of a small amount of 42S RNA in addition to the VSV specific mRNA species was observed in a coupled transcription-translation system containing ribonucleoprotein particles from L cell infected with vesicular stomatitis virus and nuclease-treated ribosomal extract obtained from uninfected HeLa cells. Analysis...

    journal_title:Nucleic acids research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/nar/10.20.6341

    authors: Ghosh K,Ghosh HP

    更新日期:1982-10-25 00:00:00

  • Rapid assay for detection of Escherichia coli xanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase activity in transduced cells.

    abstract::Cultured mammalian cells transduced with the Escherichia coli gene, Ecogpt, synthesize the bacterial enzyme xanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase (XGPT) (1). This paper describes a method for measuring XGPT activity in crude cell extracts by following the conversion of 14C-xanthine (X) to 14C-xanthine monophosph...

    journal_title:Nucleic acids research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/nar/13.8.2921

    authors: Chu G,Berg P

    更新日期:1985-04-25 00:00:00

  • Vespucci: a system for building annotated databases of nascent transcripts.

    abstract::Global run-on sequencing (GRO-seq) is a recent addition to the series of high-throughput sequencing methods that enables new insights into transcriptional dynamics within a cell. However, GRO-sequencing presents new algorithmic challenges, as existing analysis platforms for ChIP-seq and RNA-seq do not address the uniq...

    journal_title:Nucleic acids research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/nar/gkt1237

    authors: Allison KA,Kaikkonen MU,Gaasterland T,Glass CK

    更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00

  • The PETfold and PETcofold web servers for intra- and intermolecular structures of multiple RNA sequences.

    abstract::The function of non-coding RNA genes largely depends on their secondary structure and the interaction with other molecules. Thus, an accurate prediction of secondary structure and RNA-RNA interaction is essential for the understanding of biological roles and pathways associated with a specific RNA gene. We present web...

    journal_title:Nucleic acids research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/nar/gkr248

    authors: Seemann SE,Menzel P,Backofen R,Gorodkin J

    更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00

  • Abf1 and other general regulatory factors control ribosome biogenesis gene expression in budding yeast.

    abstract::Ribosome biogenesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae involves a regulon of >200 genes (Ribi genes) coordinately regulated in response to nutrient availability and cellular growth rate. Two cis-acting elements called PAC and RRPE are known to mediate Ribi gene repression in response to nutritional downshift. Here, we show t...

    journal_title:Nucleic acids research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/nar/gkx058

    authors: Bosio MC,Fermi B,Spagnoli G,Levati E,Rubbi L,Ferrari R,Pellegrini M,Dieci G

    更新日期:2017-05-05 00:00:00

  • Histone variant H3.3 provides the heterochromatic H3 lysine 9 tri-methylation mark at telomeres.

    abstract::In addition to being a hallmark at active genes, histone variant H3.3 is deposited by ATRX at repressive chromatin regions, including the telomeres. It is unclear how H3.3 promotes heterochromatin assembly. We show that H3.3 is targeted for K9 trimethylation to establish a heterochromatic state enriched in trimethylat...

    journal_title:Nucleic acids research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/nar/gkv847

    authors: Udugama M,M Chang FT,Chan FL,Tang MC,Pickett HA,R McGhie JD,Mayne L,Collas P,Mann JR,Wong LH

    更新日期:2015-12-02 00:00:00

  • In vitro 3'-end endonucleolytic processing defect in a human mitochondrial tRNA(Ser(UCN)) precursor with the U7445C substitution, which causes non-syndromic deafness.

    abstract::Eukaryotic tRNAs are transcribed as precursors. A 5'-end leader and 3'-end trailer are endonucleolytically removed by RNase P and 3'-tRNase before 3'-end CCA addition, aminoacylation, nuclear export and translation. 3'-End -CC can be a 3'-tRNase anti-determinant with the ability to prevent mature tRNA from recycling t...

    journal_title:Nucleic acids research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/nar/29.21.4334

    authors: Levinger L,Jacobs O,James M

    更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00

  • The flexibility and topology of simian virus 40 DNA in minichromosomes.

    abstract::The linking number of DNA in minichromosomes increases by 2 turns during SV40 assembly. Changes in temperature also influence the average linking number of the total intracellular forms of SV40 DNA. When the isolated minichromosomes assembled in vivo are incubated with topoisomerase I at 33 degrees C in vitro, the lin...

    journal_title:Nucleic acids research

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1093/nar/15.9.3703

    authors: Ambrose C,McLaughlin R,Bina M

    更新日期:1987-05-11 00:00:00