Current models of mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) activation by growth factors and amino acids.

Abstract:

:Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), which is now referred to as mechanistic target of rapamycin, integrates many signals, including those from growth factors, energy status, stress, and amino acids, to regulate cell growth and proliferation, protein synthesis, protein degradation, and other physiological and biochemical processes. The mTOR-Rheb-TSC-TBC complex co-localizes to the lysosome and the phosphorylation of TSC-TBC effects the dissociation of the complex from the lysosome and activates Rheb. GTP-bound Rheb potentiates the catalytic activity of mTORC1. Under conditions with growth factors and amino acids, v-ATPase, Ragulator, Rag GTPase, Rheb, hVps34, PLD1, and PA have important but disparate effects on mTORC1 activation. In this review, we introduce five models of mTORC1 activation by growth factors and amino acids to provide a comprehensive theoretical foundation for future research.

journal_name

Int J Mol Sci

authors

Zheng X,Liang Y,He Q,Yao R,Bao W,Bao L,Wang Y,Wang Z

doi

10.3390/ijms151120753

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2014-11-13 00:00:00

pages

20753-69

issue

11

issn

1422-0067

pii

ijms151120753

journal_volume

15

pub_type

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