Damage-associated molecular pattern and innate cytokine release in the airways of competitive swimmers.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:Daily intensive exercise by elite athletes can result in exercise-induced asthma especially in elite swimmers and this may be linked to epithelial damage. OBJECTIVE:To study airway epithelial damage and release of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) after intensive exercise in elite athletes and controls. METHODS:We recruited competitive swimmers (n = 26), competitive indoor athletes (n = 13) and controls (n = 15) without any history of asthma. Lung function was measured before, immediately after and 24 h after a 90-min intensive exercise protocol. Sputum induction was performed at baseline and 24 h after exercise. Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) was assessed by the eucapnic voluntary hyperventilation test. RESULTS:Baseline sputum uric acid, high mobility group box-1, CXCL8 mRNA, sputum neutrophils and serum Clara cell protein-16 (CC-16) were significantly higher in competitive swimmers compared with controls. Intensive swimming for 90 min resulted in an increase of sputum IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF mRNA in competitive swimmers, and of sputum IL-6 mRNA and sputum neutrophils in controls. Although all participants were asymptomatic, seven competitive swimmers, one indoor athlete and one control met the criteria for EIB. CONCLUSION:Our findings show that the intensive training combined with exposure to by-products of chlorination induces airway epithelial damage in competitive swimmers. This is associated with increased damage-associated molecular patterns, innate cytokine release and neutrophilic airway inflammation.

journal_name

Allergy

journal_title

Allergy

authors

Seys SF,Hox V,Van Gerven L,Dilissen E,Marijsse G,Peeters E,Dekimpe E,Kasran A,Aertgeerts S,Troosters T,Vanbelle V,Peers K,Ceuppens JL,Hellings PW,Dupont LJ,Bullens DM

doi

10.1111/all.12540

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2015-02-01 00:00:00

pages

187-94

issue

2

eissn

0105-4538

issn

1398-9995

journal_volume

70

pub_type

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