Abstract:
:The holotype of Deinocheirus mirificus was collected by the 1965 Polish-Mongolian Palaeontological Expedition at Altan Uul III in the southern Gobi of Mongolia. Because the holotype consists mostly of giant forelimbs (2.4 m in length) with scapulocoracoids, for almost 50 years Deinocheirus has remained one of the most mysterious dinosaurs. The mosaic of ornithomimosaur and non-ornithomimosaur characters in the holotype has made it difficult to resolve the phylogenetic status of Deinocheirus. Here we describe two new specimens of Deinocheirus that were discovered in the Nemegt Formation of Altan Uul IV in 2006 and Bugiin Tsav in 2009. The Bugiin Tsav specimen (MPC-D 100/127) includes a left forelimb clearly identifiable as Deinocheirus and is 6% longer than the holotype. The Altan Uul IV specimen (MPC-D 100/128) is approximately 74% the size of MPC-D 100/127. Cladistic analysis indicates that Deinocheirus is the largest member of the Ornithomimosauria; however, it has many unique skeletal features unknown in other ornithomimosaurs, indicating that Deinocheirus was a heavily built, non-cursorial animal with an elongate snout, a deep jaw, tall neural spines, a pygostyle, a U-shaped furcula, an expanded pelvis for strong muscle attachments, a relatively short hind limb and broad-tipped pedal unguals. Ecomorphological features in the skull, more than a thousand gastroliths, and stomach contents (fish remains) suggest that Deinocheirus was a megaomnivore that lived in mesic environments.
journal_name
Naturejournal_title
Natureauthors
Lee YN,Barsbold R,Currie PJ,Kobayashi Y,Lee HJ,Godefroit P,Escuillié F,Chinzorig Tdoi
10.1038/nature13874subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-11-13 00:00:00pages
257-60issue
7526eissn
0028-0836issn
1476-4687pii
nature13874journal_volume
515pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
NATURE文献大全abstract::Ultra-compact dwarf galaxies are among the densest stellar systems in the Universe. These systems have masses of up to 2 × 10(8) solar masses, but half-light radii of just 3-50 parsecs. Dynamical mass estimates show that many such dwarfs are more massive than expected from their luminosity. It remains unclear whether ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature13762
更新日期:2014-09-18 00:00:00
abstract::(Na+ + K+)ATPase contains two different subunits, a catalytic subunit (alpha) and a subunit with uncertain function (beta). The enzyme binds ATP, ouabain and vanadate, and can be phosphorylated by ATP as well as by inorganic phosphate. From the previously reported maximal binding and phosphorylation capacities of 3.5-...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/290338a0
更新日期:1981-03-26 00:00:00
abstract::Magma intrusions and eruptions commonly produce abrupt changes in seismicity far from magma conduits that cannot be associated with the diffusion of pore fluids or heat. Such 'swarm' seismicity also migrates with time, and often exhibits a 'dog-bone'-shaped distribution. The largest earthquakes in swarms produce after...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature00997
更新日期:2002-09-05 00:00:00
abstract::A paramutation is an epigenetic interaction between two alleles of a locus, through which one allele induces a heritable modification in the other allele without modifying the DNA sequence. The paramutated allele itself becomes paramutagenic, that is, capable of epigenetically converting a new paramutable allele. Here...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature11416
更新日期:2012-10-04 00:00:00
abstract::To explain the lower atmospheric CO2 concentrations during glacial periods, it has been suggested that the productivity of marine phytoplankton was stimulated by an increased flux of iron-bearing dust to the oceans. One component of this theory is that iron-an essential element/nutrient for nitrogen-fixing organisms-w...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/415156a
更新日期:2002-01-10 00:00:00
abstract::Type II topoisomerases help regulate DNA topology during transcription, replication and recombination by catalysing DNA strand transfer through transient double-stranded breaks. All type II topoisomerases described so far are members of a single protein family. We have cloned and sequenced the genes encoding the A and...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/386414a0
更新日期:1997-03-27 00:00:00
abstract::Body size is intrinsically linked to metabolic rate and life-history traits, and is a crucial determinant of food webs and community dynamics1,2. The increased temperatures associated with the urban-heat-island effect result in increased metabolic costs and are expected to drive shifts to smaller body sizes 3 . Urban ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-018-0140-0
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Drosophila mutants transformed with a chimaeric gene that expresses the ocellar visual pigment in the major class of photoreceptor cells of the retina were used to investigate the properties of this minor pigment. The photoreceptor cells in which this opsin was misexpressed showed new spectral characteristics and phys...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/333737a0
更新日期:1988-06-23 00:00:00
abstract::Chameleons are arboral lizards that spot their prey visually and catch it by highly precise shots with their long sticky tongue. They scan their environment by large-amplitude independent saccadic eye movements; once an insect is detected, the head axis is aligned towards the target ('head tracking', both eyes come fo...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/373692a0
更新日期:1995-02-23 00:00:00
abstract::In obesity and type 2 diabetes, expression of the GLUT4 glucose transporter is decreased selectively in adipocytes. Adipose-specific Glut4 (also known as Slc2a4) knockout (adipose-Glut4(-/-)) mice show insulin resistance secondarily in muscle and liver. Here we show, using DNA arrays, that expression of retinol bindin...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature03711
更新日期:2005-07-21 00:00:00
abstract::Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a result of complex gene-environment interactions, and several risk factors have been identified, including age, family history, diet, sedentary lifestyle and obesity. Statistical models that combine known risk factors for T2D can partly identify individuals at high risk of developing the dise...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature12198
更新日期:2013-06-06 00:00:00
abstract::Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) into enucleated oocytes has emerged as a technique that can be used to derive mouse embryonic stem cell lines with defined genotypes. In this issue Byrne et al. report the derivation of two SCNT Rhesus macaca male stem cell lines designated CRES-1 and CRES-2. Molecular studies deta...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature06456
更新日期:2007-11-22 00:00:00
abstract::Cytosine DNA methylation is important in regulating gene expression and in silencing transposons and other repetitive sequences. Recent genomic studies in Arabidopsis thaliana have revealed that many endogenous genes are methylated either within their promoters or within their transcribed regions, and that gene methyl...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature06745
更新日期:2008-03-13 00:00:00
abstract::Change history: In this Letter, the final two pages of the Supplementary Information, which included two tables listing primer and antibodies, respectively, were missing; see accompanying Amendment for the missing Supplementary Tables. This Letter has not been corrected online. ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1328-7
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Critical issues in the cognitive neuroscience of language are whether there are multiple systems for the representation of meaning, perhaps organized by processing system (such as vision or language), and whether further subsystems are distinguishable within these larger ones. We describe here a patient (K.R.) with ce...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/359060a0
更新日期:1992-09-03 00:00:00
abstract::Studies of the actin-based motility of the intracellular pathogens Listeria monocytogenes and Shigella flexneri have provided important insight into the events occurring at the leading edges of motile cells. Like the bacteria Listeria and Shigella, vaccinia virus, a relative of the causative agent of smallpox, uses ac...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/44860
更新日期:1999-10-28 00:00:00
abstract::Countless millions of people have died from tuberculosis, a chronic infectious disease caused by the tubercle bacillus. The complete genome sequence of the best-characterized strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, H37Rv, has been determined and analysed in order to improve our understanding of the biology of this slow-...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/31159
更新日期:1998-06-11 00:00:00
abstract::The refined 1.9-A resolution structure of the periplasmic D-galactose-binding protein (GBP) reveals a calcium ion surrounded by seven ligands, all protein oxygen atoms. A nine-residue loop (amino-acid positions 134-142), which is preceded by a beta-turn and followed by a beta-strand, provides five ligands from every s...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/327635a0
更新日期:1987-06-18 00:00:00
abstract::Cyclic GMP has been implicated as a messenger molecule involved in visual transduction. Photoexcited rhodopsin (R*) binds to a multisubunit membrane protein called transducin (T) and stimulates the exchange of a bound GDP molecule for GTP. This leads to the release of the alpha-subunit of T with bound GTP (T alpha-GTP...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/311659a0
更新日期:1984-10-18 00:00:00
abstract::It has been known for some 50 years that birds use photoreceptors in or near the hypothalamus to mediate the photoperiodic responses that control seasonal breeding. So far, however, attempts to identify the photopigment by determining an action spectrum have failed. The problems stem from the selective filtering of li...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/313050a0
更新日期:1985-01-03 00:00:00
abstract::The Gamburtsev Subglacial Mountains are the least understood tectonic feature on Earth, because they are completely hidden beneath the East Antarctic Ice Sheet. Their high elevation and youthful Alpine topography, combined with their location on the East Antarctic craton, creates a paradox that has puzzled researchers...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature10566
更新日期:2011-11-16 00:00:00
abstract:: ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/d41586-018-07501-y
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multiple sclerosis is commonly associated with a local humoral immune response within the central nervous system. A hallmark of this intrathecal response is the presence of electrophoretically demonstrable oligoclonal bands of IgG in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of up to 95% of patients. Observations indicating that ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/338769a0
更新日期:1989-04-27 00:00:00
abstract::The skin of mice contains dendritic epidermal cells carrying the Thy-1 antigen (Thy-1+ dEC) which express antigen receptors composed of the T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) gamma- and delta-chains. Although the role of the thymus in the generation of most T cells is well established, the involvement of the thymus in the ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/344068a0
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two approaches to the antibody-directed targeting of toxic or cytolytic activity and augmentation of cellular immune responses have been explored for tumour immunotherapy, but so far success has been limited. Obstacles facing immunotherapy are the limited accessibility of antibodies or antibody conjugates to solid tum...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/385078a0
更新日期:1997-01-02 00:00:00
abstract::Juxtaposition between endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria is a common structural feature, providing the physical basis for intercommunication during Ca(2+) signalling; yet, the molecular mechanisms controlling this interaction are unknown. Here we show that mitofusin 2, a mitochondrial dynamin-related protein ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature07534
更新日期:2008-12-04 00:00:00
abstract::We have developed a method for calculating the stability in water of protein structures, starting from their atomic coordinates. The contribution of each protein atom to the solvation free energy is estimated as the product of the accessibility of the atom to solvent and its atomic solvation parameter. Applications of...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/319199a0
更新日期:1986-01-16 00:00:00
abstract::When an individual molecule, nanocrystal, nanotube or lithographically defined quantum dot is attached to metallic electrodes via tunnel barriers, electron transport is dominated by single-electron charging and energy-level quantization. As the coupling to the electrodes increases, higher-order tunnelling and correlat...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature00790
更新日期:2002-06-13 00:00:00
abstract::A large number of cis-regulatory sequences have been annotated in the human genome, but defining their target genes remains a challenge. One strategy is to identify the long-range looping interactions at these elements with the use of chromosome conformation capture (3C)-based techniques. However, previous studies lac...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature12644
更新日期:2013-11-14 00:00:00
abstract::Ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) promotes the survival of several populations of neurons, including sensory and motor neurons. Although CNTF is abundant in adult sciatic nerve, the mature protein lacks a signal sequence and is not secreted; therefore, it has been proposed to act as a lesion factor. The identificatio...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/365253a0
更新日期:1993-09-16 00:00:00