An update on prodrugs from natural products.

Abstract:

:A natural prodrug is a chemical compound or substance obtained from plants, microorganism, animal and marine sources. Natural products are small molecule source for Food and Drug Administration approved drugs and major sources for drug discovery. Most of the drugs for different ailment diseases undergo first pass metabolism, resulting in drug inactivation and the generation of toxic metabolites in body. Enormous numbers of prodrugs naturally present in plants, microorganism, animal and marine sources and those prodrugs undergoes chemical reaction to form non-toxic compounds. This review summarizes the list of prodrugs naturally present in the natural product.

journal_name

Asian Pac J Trop Med

authors

Kumar SV,Saravanan D,Kumar B,Jayakumar A

doi

10.1016/S1995-7645(14)60203-0

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2014-09-01 00:00:00

pages

S54-9

eissn

1995-7645

issn

2352-4146

pii

S1995-7645(14)60203-0

journal_volume

7S1

pub_type

杂志文章
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    doi:10.1016/S1995-7645(11)60251-4

    authors: Naha K,Dasari S,Prabhu M

    更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00

  • Phytochemical analysis, hepatoprotective and antioxidant activity of Alchornea cordifolia methanol leaf extract on carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic damage in rats.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the hepatoprotective and antioxidant activities of Alchornea cordifolia (A. cordifolia) leaf extract. METHODS:Various solvent fractions of the methanol extract of the leaf of the plant A. cordifolia Mull. Arg (Fam: Euphorbiaceae) were evaluated for hepatoprotective activity by carbon tetrachlo...

    journal_title:Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/S1995-7645(12)60041-8

    authors: Osadebe PO,Okoye FB,Uzor PF,Nnamani NR,Adiele IE,Obiano NC

    更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00

  • Effect of Chinese herbal compound on liver fibrosis in rabbits with schistosomiasis by B-ultrasound.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To explore the value of B-ultrasound on the evaluation of the effects of traditional Chinese medicine compound of Radix astragali, Salvia miltiorrhiza and Angelica sinensis, and TCM + praziquantel on liver fibrosis in rabbits with schistosomiasis. METHODS:The hepatic fibrosis model in rabbits with schistosom...

    journal_title:Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/S1995-7645(13)60114-5

    authors: Liang XL,Yuan JY

    更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00

  • Control of animal brucellosis: The Malaysian experience.

    abstract::Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease characterized by reproductive failure in animals and undulent fever in humans. In cattle, it is caused by Brucella abortus while in goats by Brucella melitensis, the main cause of brucellosis in humans. Brucellosis in livestock has been associated with importation of animals from bree...

    journal_title:Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.apjtm.2016.11.007

    authors: Zamri-Saad M,Kamarudin MI

    更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00

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    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To discuss the liver function damage mechanism of patients with clonorchiasis by analyzing the ultrasound characteristics, liver function, change of the serum inflammatory factors and cell apoptosis factors. METHODS:Color Doppler ultrasound technique was adopted to detect the portal vein and blood flow chang...

    journal_title:Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.apjtm.2016.05.009

    authors: Fan M,Lu L,Su C,Xue M,Dou JM,Li P,Feng HQ,Fan YB

    更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00

  • Application of ultrasonic inspection in monitoring dynamic healing of mandibular fracture in rabbit model.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the feasibility of ultrasonic diagnosis for monitoring fracture healing. METHODS:Thirty rabbit models with fraction of mandible body were established by surgically removing partial lower jawbone. At the 1st, 2nd, 4th, 6th, 8th and 12th week after the operation, they were examined by X-ray and ...

    journal_title:Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/S1995-7645(12)60068-6

    authors: Chen T,Lai RF,Zhou ZY,Zhao QT,Yin ZD

    更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00

  • Prevalence, intensity of infection and risk factors of urinary schistosomiasis in pre-school and school aged children in Guma Local Government Area, Nigeria.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the prevalence and intensity of infection and the risk factors associated with urinary schistosomiasis in pre-school and school aged children in Guma Local Government Area of Benue State, Nigeria. METHODS:Urine filtration technique using polycarbonate membrane filters was employed to process uri...

    journal_title:Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/S1995-7645(13)60188-1

    authors: Amuta EU,Houmsou RS

    更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00

  • Comparison of anti-atherosclerotic effects of two different extracts from leaves of Mallotus furetianus.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To compare the anti-atherosclerotic effects of two different extracts from the leaves of Mallotus furetianus by using rat model of atherosclerosis. METHODS:The air-dried powdered Mallotus furetianus leaves were extracted with ethanol and then evaporated. The ethanol extract was experienced Diaion HP-20 CC wi...

    journal_title:Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/S1995-7645(11)60212-5

    authors: Yueli L,Liqun W,Haitao W,Lianbo L,Xinan Y

    更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00

  • Escherichia coli tetracycline efflux determinants in relation to tetracycline residues in chicken.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To screen for Escherichia coli (E. coli) resistant to tetracycline, followed by identification of tet efflux genes by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). In addition, detection of tetracycline residues in chicken livers and kidneys were conducted using high performance liquid chromatography-tandem quadrupole mas...

    journal_title:Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/S1995-7645(13)60125-X

    authors: S N AB,B M AM,A S AA,A E E,I Y M

    更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00

  • Correlation of caveolin-1 expression with microlymphatic vessel density in colorectal adenocarcinoma tissues and its correlation with prognosis.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To study the expression of caveolin-1 in colorectal adenocarcinoma tissues and its correlation with microlymphatic vessel density (LMVD), and to investigate the clinical pathological prognostic significance of caveolin-1 and LMVD in patients with colorectal cancer. METHODS:The expression of caveolin-1 and LM...

    journal_title:Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

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    authors: Xue J,Wu XL,Huang XT,Guo F,Yu HF,Zhang PC,Wang LK,Qu M,Pan LM

    更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00

  • Antihydatic and immunomodulatory effects of Punica granatum peel aqueous extract in a murine model of echinococcosis.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of pomegranate peel aqueous extract (PGE) on the development of secondary experimental echinococcosis and on the viability of Echinococcus granulosus protoscoleces, and the immunomodulatory properties of PGE. METHODS:Swiss mice were inoculated intraperitoneally with viable protoscol...

    journal_title:Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

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    authors: Labsi M,Khelifi L,Mezioug D,Soufli I,Touil-Boukoffa C

    更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00

  • Immunoprophylactic potential of filarial glutathione-s-transferase in lymphatic filariaisis.

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    journal_title:Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/S1995-7645(11)60066-7

    authors: Bal M,Mandal N,Achary KG,Das MK,Kar SK

    更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00

  • An atypical case of disseminated cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania peruviana in the valleys of Ancash-Peru.

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    journal_title:Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

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    authors: Espinoza-Morales D,Lucchetti Rodríguez A,Silva-Caso W,Suarez-Ognio L,Pons MJ,Del Valle Mendoza J

    更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00

  • The effect of ischemic precondition to IL-6 on rat liver ischemia-reperfusion injury in transplantation.

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    journal_title:Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/S1995-7645(13)60045-0

    authors: Cui LZ,Wang B,Chen LY,Zhou J

    更新日期:2013-05-13 00:00:00

  • Association of glycosylated hemoglobin level with lipid ratio and individual lipids in type 2 diabetic patients.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To study the correlation of lipid ratios and individual lipid indexes of patients with type 2 diabetes with glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)). METHODS:Samples were collected from 128 type 2 diabetic patients (aged 19-90 years; male 72, female 56). The sera were analyzed for HbA(1c), total cholesterol (TC), t...

    journal_title:Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/S1995-7645(12)60080-7

    authors: Yan Z,Liu Y,Huang H

    更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00

  • Identifications of drug resistance mutations among antiretroviral treatment naive HIV-1 patients in Peninsular Malaysia.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine drug resistance mutations and the HIV-1 subtypes among antiretroviral treatment naive HIV-1 patients in Peninsular Malaysia. METHODS:A total of 45 samples from four hospitals that provide HIV viral load services were subjected to the amplification of the protease and two third of reverse transcr...

    journal_title:Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.apjtm.2016.12.005

    authors: Zain RM,Ibrahim N,Ismail S,Suppiah J,Mat Rahim NA,Thayan R

    更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00

  • Toxoplasmosis and anti-Toxoplasma effects of medicinal plant extracts-A mini-review.

    abstract::Toxoplasmosis is a globally distributed parasitic protozoan disease, caused by Toxoplasma gondii. The infection can result in more severe symptoms with potentially life-threatening in case of immunocompromised individuals. Sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine are the two drugs used as a part of standard therapy for toxoplas...

    journal_title:Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.apjtm.2016.06.012

    authors: Al Nasr I,Ahmed F,Pullishery F,El-Ashram S,Ramaiah VV

    更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00

  • Demonstration of malaria situation analysis, stratification and planning in Minab District, southern Iran.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To demonstrate malaria situation analysis, stratification and planning for an endemic area in southern Iran. METHODS:Data on health system, population, meteorological parameters, malaria cases, anopheline vectors, and control activities during 2005-2007 was obtained from Minab Health Center, Minab Meteorolog...

    journal_title:Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/S1995-7645(11)60036-9

    authors: Hassan V,Arash R,Mehdi J,Ahmad R,Ali HB,Wali YA,Ali D,Abdulrasool M,Abbas P

    更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00

  • Protective effect of Cardiospermum halicacabum leaf extract on glycoprotein components on STZ-induced hyperglycemic rats.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the protective role of Cardiospermum halicacabum (C. halicacabum) leaf extract on glycoprotein metabolism in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. METHODS:Diabetes was induced in male albino Wistar rats by intraperitonial administration of STZ. The C. halicacabum leaf extract (CHE) was a...

    journal_title:Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/S1995-7645(12)60178-3

    authors: Veeramani C,Al-Numair KS,Alsaif MA,Chandramohan G,Al-Numair NS,Pugalendi KV

    更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00

  • Cortisol and uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in an area of unstable malaria transmission in eastern Sudan.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the levels of serum cortisol in patients with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum (P. falciparum) malaria in an area of unstable malaria transmission in eastern Sudan. METHODS:The concentrations of cortisol were measured in sera of 25 patients with uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria (at prese...

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    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/S1995-7645(11)60056-4

    authors: Ibrahim EA,Kheir MM,Elhardello OA,Almahi WA,Ali NI,Elbashir MI,Ishag A

    更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00

  • Domestic reptiles as source of zoonotic bacteria: A mini review.

    abstract::Captive reptiles, always more often present in domestic environment as pets, may harbor and excrete a large variety of zoonotic pathogens. Among them, Salmonella is the most well-known agent, whereas there are very scant data about infections by mycobacteria, chlamydiae and leptospirae in cold-blooded animals. However...

    journal_title:Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.apjtm.2017.07.020

    authors: Ebani VV

    更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00

  • Cytoprotective, antihyperglycemic and phytochemical properties of Cocos nucifera (L.) inflorescence.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To analyze the cytoprotective and antidiabetic activities as well as phytochemical composition of the immature inflorescence of Cocos nucifera belonging to the Arecaceae Family. METHODS:The phytochemical screening of inflorescence was done to determine the major constituents present in Cocos nucifera inflore...

    journal_title:Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/S1995-7645(13)60142-X

    authors: Renjith RS,Chikku AM,Rajamohan T

    更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00

  • Continued sustained release of VEGF by PLGA nanospheres modified BAMG stent for the anterior urethral reconstruction of rabbit.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To study the biocompatibility and neovascularization of the PLGA nanospheres wrapped with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which can improve bladder acellular matrix graft (BAMG) with local continuous release of VEGF. METHODS:A total of 18 rabbit model (length of stenosis: 3 cm) with anterior ureth...

    journal_title:Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/S1995-7645(13)60078-4

    authors: Wang JH,Xu YM,Fu Q,Song LJ,Li C,Zhang Q,Xie MK

    更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00

  • Harmony in health sector: a requirement for effective healthcare delivery in Nigeria.

    abstract::Harmony is defined as the pleasing combination of elements of a system to form an all-inclusive, all involving and more productive team. The aim of this present review was to investigate the factors militating against harmony among healthcare professional in the Nigerian healthcare delivery system. This review was car...

    journal_title:Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/S1995-7645(14)60196-6

    authors: Osaro E,Charles AT

    更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00

  • Acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase and paraoxonase 1 activities in rats treated with cannabis, tramadol or both.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of Cannabis sativa resin and/or tramadol, two commonly drugs of abuse on acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase activities as a possible cholinergic biomarkers of neurotoxicity induced by these agents. METHODS:Rats were treated with cannabis resin (5, 10 or 20 mg/kg) (equiva...

    journal_title:Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.apjtm.2016.09.009

    authors: Abdel-Salam OM,Youness ER,Khadrawy YA,Sleem AA

    更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00

  • RETRACTED: Effect of thioredoxin-interacting protein on Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and diabetic myocardial infarction.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To explore the regulatory role of thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) in Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and therefore to elucidate its function in diabetic myocardial infarction. METHODS:Diabetic myocardial infarction models were generated in mice. The expression levels of TXNIP and β-catenin and level ...

    journal_title:Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章,撤回出版物

    doi:10.1016/j.apjtm.2015.10.010

    authors: Yu H,Zhao XX,Shan XH,Li P,Chen T

    更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00

  • Overt gastrointestinal bleeding because of hookworm infection.

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    journal_title:Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/S1995-7645(12)60051-0

    authors: Chen JM,Zhang XM,Wang LJ,Chen Y,Du Q,Cai JT

    更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00

  • RETRACTED: Effect of transplantation of BMMSCs on pathological change of gastric precancerous lesions of rats.

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    journal_title:Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章,撤回出版物

    doi:10.1016/j.apjtm.2015.11.006

    authors: Lin ZL,Zheng GW,Zhang L,Zheng JT,Chen H

    更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00

  • Evaluation of chemopreventive effect of Fumaria indica against N-nitrosodiethylamine and CCl4-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in Wistar rats.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigation the chemopreventive potential of Fumaria indica (F. indica) extract (FIE) on N-nitrosodiethylamine and CCl(4)-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in Wistar rats. METHODS:The experimental animals were divided into six groups (n=6). Hepatocellular carcinoma was induced by single intraperitoneal injec...

    journal_title:Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/S1995-7645(12)60128-X

    authors: Hussain T,Siddiqui HH,Fareed S,Vijayakumar M,Rao CV

    更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00

  • In vitro antiplasmodial effect of ethanolic extracts of traditional medicinal plant Ocimum species against Plasmodium falciparum.

    abstract:OBJECTIVE:To identify the possible antiplasmodial compounds from leaf, stem, root and flower extracts of Ocimum canum (O. canum), Ocimum sanctum (O. sanctum) and Ocimum basilicum (O. basilicum). METHODS:The O. canum, O. sanctum and O. basilicum were collected from Ramanathapuram District, Tamil Nadu and the extraction...

    journal_title:Asian Pacific journal of tropical medicine

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/S1995-7645(12)60004-2

    authors: Inbaneson SJ,Sundaram R,Suganthi P

    更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00