Abstract：
:Sodium is an essential nutrient, mostly ingested as salt (sodium chloride). Average sodium intake ranges from 3 to 6 g per day (7.5-15 g/day of salt) in most countries, with regional variations. Increasing levels of sodium intake have a positive association with higher blood pressure. Randomized controlled trials report a reduction in blood pressure with reducing sodium intake from moderate to low levels, which is the evidence that forms the basis for international guidelines recommending all people consume less than 2.0 g of sodium per day. However, no randomized trials have demonstrated that reducing sodium leads to a reduction in cardiovascular disease (CVD). In their absence, the next option is to examine the association between sodium consumption and CVD in prospective cohort studies. Several recent prospective cohort studies have indicated that while high intake of sodium (>6 g/d) is associated with higher risk of CVD compared to those with moderate intake (3 to 5 g/d), lower intake (<3 g/day) is also associated with a higher risk (despite lower blood pressure levels). However, most of these studies were conducted in populations at increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Current epidemiologic evidence supports that an optimal level of sodium intake is in the range of about 3-5 g/day, as this range is associated with lowest risk of CVD in prospective cohort studies. Randomized controlled trials, comparing the effect of low sodium intake to moderate intake on incidence of cardiovascular events and mortality, are required to truly define optimal intake range.
journal_name
Curr Cardiol Repjournal_title
Current cardiology reportsauthors
O'Donnell M,Mente A,Yusuf Sdoi
10.1007/s11886-014-0529-9subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-01-01 00:00:00pages
529issue
10eissn
1523-3782issn
1534-3170journal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Medical management of patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) at high risk for stroke is limited by problems of imperfect tools for assessment of thromboembolism and bleeding risks. Improved instruments, such as the CHA₂DS₂VASc and HAS-BLED risk stratification scores, have been incorporated into European practice guide...
journal_title：Current cardiology reports
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doi：10.1007/s11886-010-0148-z
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fifty thousand Americans suffer an intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) annually, one third of whom die as a result. Poorly controlled hypertension is the most important risk factor for ICH. Over time it results in pathologic changes to small intracranial vessels, leading to their rupture. All stroke patients, including tho...
journal_title：Current cardiology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11886-002-0029-1
更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Viable treatment options for advanced heart failure have not emerged as the number of people afflicted with this condition has grown. Although heart transplantation is the only curative strategy for patients with end-stage heart failure, the relative shortage of donors has led to a worldwide plateau of this option ove...
journal_title：Current cardiology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11886-014-0468-5
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Current cardiology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11886-020-01392-0
更新日期：2020-09-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：Current cardiology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2018-08-09 00:00:00
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journal_title：Current cardiology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11886-010-0131-8
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Current cardiology reports
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更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Current cardiology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11886-020-01432-9
更新日期：2020-11-27 00:00:00
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journal_title：Current cardiology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Current cardiology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF02938348
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Current cardiology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11886-011-0168-3
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Current cardiology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11886-020-01311-3
更新日期：2020-06-19 00:00:00
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journal_title：Current cardiology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11886-018-0971-1
更新日期：2018-03-23 00:00:00
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journal_title：Current cardiology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11886-004-0013-z
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Current cardiology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11886-019-1108-x
更新日期：2019-03-13 00:00:00
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journal_title：Current cardiology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11886-012-0253-2
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Current cardiology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11886-017-0920-4
更新日期：2017-09-14 00:00:00
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journal_title：Current cardiology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11886-000-0006-5
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Current cardiology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11886-008-0044-y
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Current cardiology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2020-05-19 00:00:00
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journal_title：Current cardiology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2020-10-21 00:00:00
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journal_title：Current cardiology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Current cardiology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Current cardiology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2019-07-27 00:00:00
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journal_title：Current cardiology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11886-003-0067-3
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aortic stenosis is a common valvular abnormality. Surgical valve replacement is the standard of care for symptomatic patients with severe aortic stenosis and is appropriate for certain asymptomatic patients. Statin therapy may slow progression of the disease. Contrary to conventional wisdom, vasodilator therapy may in...
journal_title：Current cardiology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11886-004-0004-0
更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Patients with severe carotid and coronary disease-especially if they require coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)-are at high risk of cardiac events and stroke. Carotid revascularization should be considered for patients with symptomatic carotid disease and bilateral severe asymptomatic carotid stenosis. In patients...
journal_title：Current cardiology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11886-012-0246-1
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A number of reports demonstrate the importance of serum triglyceride values in predicting the clinical onset of vascular disease. However, adjustment for measurements highly correlated with triglyceride (TG) levels, such as history of diabetes, body mass index, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), lessen ...
journal_title：Current cardiology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11886-001-0060-7
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Internal carotid artery stenosis accounts for about 7-10 % of ischemic strokes. Conventional risk factors such as aging, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and smoking increase the risk for carotid atherosclerosis. All patients with carotid stenosis should receive aggressive medical therapy. Carotid revascularization wi...
journal_title：Current cardiology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11886-015-0625-5
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To discuss the mechanisms of iron regulation in the brain and the pathophysiological role of deregulation of iron homeostasis following a stroke, and to review existing evidence supporting the potential role of iron chelators in the treatment of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. RECENT FINDINGS:In rec...
journal_title：Current cardiology reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11886-019-1106-z
更新日期：2019-03-04 00:00:00
