Topoisomerase II mediates meiotic crossover interference.

abstract：:Exceptional genomic stability is one of the hallmarks of mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells. However, the genes contributing to this stability remain obscure. We previously identified Zscan4 as a specific marker for two-cell embryo and ES cells. Here we show that Zscan4 is involved in telomere maintenance and long-term g...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Zalzman M,Falco G,Sharova LV,Nishiyama A,Thomas M,Lee SL,Stagg CA,Hoang HG,Yang HT,Indig FE,Wersto RP,Ko MS

更新日期：2010-04-08 00:00:00

abstract：:The retina in most mammals contains two types of macroglial cells--Müller cells, which span the entire thickness of the retina, and astrocytes, which are mainly confined to the nerve fibre layer. Whereas Müller cells are diffusely distributed in all vertebrate retinae, the presence and distribution of retinal astrocyt...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Watanabe T,Raff MC

更新日期：1988-04-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Circadian rhythms have evolved to anticipate and adapt animals to the constraints of the earth's 24-hour light cycle. Although the molecular processes that establish periodicity in clock neurons of the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) are well understood, the mechanisms by which axonal projections from the central clock ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Gizowski C,Zaelzer C,Bourque CW

更新日期：2016-09-29 00:00:00

abstract：:A powerful way to discover key genes with causal roles in oncogenesis is to identify genomic regions that undergo frequent alteration in human cancers. Here we present high-resolution analyses of somatic copy-number alterations (SCNAs) from 3,131 cancer specimens, belonging largely to 26 histological types. We identif...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Beroukhim R,Mermel CH,Porter D,Wei G,Raychaudhuri S,Donovan J,Barretina J,Boehm JS,Dobson J,Urashima M,Mc Henry KT,Pinchback RM,Ligon AH,Cho YJ,Haery L,Greulich H,Reich M,Winckler W,Lawrence MS,Weir BA,Tanaka KE,

更新日期：2010-02-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Human B cell stimulatory factor 2 (BSF-2) was originally characterized and isolated as a T cell-derived factor that caused the terminal maturation of activated B cells to immunoglobulin-producing cells. Molecular cloning of the complementary DNA predicts that BSF-2 is a protein of relative molecular mass (Mr) 26,000 s...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Kawano M,Hirano T,Matsuda T,Taga T,Horii Y,Iwato K,Asaoku H,Tang B,Tanabe O,Tanaka H

更新日期：1988-03-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Close inbreeding is known for a variety of small mammal species for which a high probability of mortality during dispersal makes helping and delayed maturation a relatively secure fitness option. Prolonged inbreeding, however, is usually associated with lowered fitness, and it has been shown that most highly inbred sm...

journal_title：Nature

authors： O'Riain MJ,Jarvis JU,Faulkes CG

更新日期：1996-04-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Millions of years before we began to manipulate the flow of light using synthetic structures, biological systems were using nanometre-scale architectures to produce striking optical effects. An astonishing variety of natural photonic structures exists: a species of Brittlestar uses photonic elements composed of calcit...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Vukusic P,Sambles JR

更新日期：2003-08-14 00:00:00

abstract：:In the response of T cells to foreign antigens, the ligand for the T cell alpha/beta receptor is presented on a cell surface as a fragment of antigen complexed to one of the membrane molecules encoded in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). The receptor apparently interacts via its variable elements (V beta, D ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Marrack P,Kappler J

更新日期：1988-04-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Drosophila melanogaster is one of the most well studied genetic model organisms; nonetheless, its genome still contains unannotated coding and non-coding genes, transcripts, exons and RNA editing sites. Full discovery and annotation are pre-requisites for understanding how the regulation of transcription, splicing and...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Graveley BR,Brooks AN,Carlson JW,Duff MO,Landolin JM,Yang L,Artieri CG,van Baren MJ,Boley N,Booth BW,Brown JB,Cherbas L,Davis CA,Dobin A,Li R,Lin W,Malone JH,Mattiuzzo NR,Miller D,Sturgill D,Tuch BB,Zaleski C,

更新日期：2011-03-24 00:00:00

abstract：:The existence in the ocean of deep western boundary currents, which connect the high-latitude regions where deep water is formed with upwelling regions as part of the global ocean circulation, was postulated more than 40 years ago. These ocean currents have been found adjacent to the continental slopes of all ocean ba...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Dengler M,Schott FA,Eden C,Brandt P,Fischer J,Zantopp RJ

更新日期：2004-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：:A main limitation of therapies that selectively target kinase signalling pathways is the emergence of secondary drug resistance. Cetuximab, a monoclonal antibody that binds the extracellular domain of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), is effective in a subset of KRAS wild-type metastatic colorectal cancers. Aft...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Misale S,Yaeger R,Hobor S,Scala E,Janakiraman M,Liska D,Valtorta E,Schiavo R,Buscarino M,Siravegna G,Bencardino K,Cercek A,Chen CT,Veronese S,Zanon C,Sartore-Bianchi A,Gambacorta M,Gallicchio M,Vakiani E,Boscaro V,

更新日期：2012-06-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Calcium-dependent exocytosis of synaptic vesicles mediates the release of neurotransmitters. Important proteins in this process have been identified such as the SNAREs, synaptotagmins, complexins, Munc18 and Munc13. Structural and functional studies have yielded a wealth of information about the physiological role of ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Jahn R,Fasshauer D

更新日期：2012-10-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The spatial organization of the genome is intimately linked to its biological function, yet our understanding of higher order genomic structure is coarse, fragmented and incomplete. In the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, interphase chromosomes occupy distinct chromosome territories, and numerous models have been proposed...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Dixon JR,Selvaraj S,Yue F,Kim A,Li Y,Shen Y,Hu M,Liu JS,Ren B

更新日期：2012-04-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Daily life continually confronts us with an exuberance of external, sensory stimuli competing with a rich stream of internal deliberations, plans and ruminations. The brain must select one or more of these for further processing. How this competition is resolved across multiple sensory and cognitive regions is not kno...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Cerf M,Thiruvengadam N,Mormann F,Kraskov A,Quiroga RQ,Koch C,Fried I

更新日期：2010-10-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Much of our knowledge of galaxies comes from analysing the radiation emitted by their stars, which depends on the present number of each type of star in the galaxy. The present number depends on the stellar initial mass function (IMF), which describes the distribution of stellar masses when the population formed, and ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Cappellari M,McDermid RM,Alatalo K,Blitz L,Bois M,Bournaud F,Bureau M,Crocker AF,Davies RL,Davis TA,de Zeeuw PT,Duc PA,Emsellem E,Khochfar S,Krajnović D,Kuntschner H,Lablanche PY,Morganti R,Naab T,Oosterloo T,Sarz

更新日期：2012-04-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Microbes comprise the majority of extant organisms, yet much remains to be learned about the nature and driving forces of microbial diversification. Our understanding of how microorganisms adapt and evolve can be advanced by genome-wide documentation of the patterns of genetic exchange, particularly if analyses target...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lo I,Denef VJ,Verberkmoes NC,Shah MB,Goltsman D,DiBartolo G,Tyson GW,Allen EE,Ram RJ,Detter JC,Richardson P,Thelen MP,Hettich RL,Banfield JF

更新日期：2007-03-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The 26S proteasome is the chief site of regulatory protein turnover in eukaryotic cells. It comprises one 20S catalytic complex (composed of four stacked rings of seven members) and two axially positioned 19S regulatory complexes (each containing about 18 subunits) that control substrate access to the catalytic chambe...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lam YA,Lawson TG,Velayutham M,Zweier JL,Pickart CM

更新日期：2002-04-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The inner ear is capable of highly selective frequency discrimination. This is achieved not only by the travelling wave of the basilar membrane in the cochlear partition, but also by the active participation of nonlinear and vulnerable elements that enhance frequency selectivity. It has been shown that isolated mammal...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Brundin L,Flock A,Canlon B

更新日期：1989-12-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Muscle actin genes are the earliest yet described to show cell type-specific activation in amphibian embryos. Gene-specific probes show that alpha-skeletal and alpha-cardiac actin genes start to be transcribed simultaneously at the end of gastrulation, but only in those regions of the mesoderm that subsequently form e...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Mohun TJ,Brennan S,Dathan N,Fairman S,Gurdon JB

更新日期：1984-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Membrane-bound receptors often form large assemblies resulting from binding to soluble ligands, cell-surface molecules on other cells and extracellular matrix proteins. For example, the association of membrane proteins with proteins on different cells (trans-interactions) can drive the oligomerization of proteins on t...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Wu Y,Vendome J,Shapiro L,Ben-Shaul A,Honig B

更新日期：2011-07-27 00:00:00

abstract：:A balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory mechanisms at mucosal interfaces, which are sites of constitutive exposure to microbes and non-microbial foreign substances, allows for efficient protection against pathogens yet prevents adverse inflammatory responses associated with allergy, asthma and intestinal inflamma...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Josefowicz SZ,Niec RE,Kim HY,Treuting P,Chinen T,Zheng Y,Umetsu DT,Rudensky AY

更新日期：2012-02-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Holliday junctions (HJs) are key intermediates in homologous recombination and are especially important for the production of crossover recombinants. Bacterial RecA family proteins promote the formation and branch migration of HJs in vitro by catalysing a reciprocal DNA-strand exchange reaction between two duplex DNA ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Murayama Y,Kurokawa Y,Mayanagi K,Iwasaki H

更新日期：2008-02-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Practice, with feedback, is a fundamental variable that influences the aquisition of motor skills: with it, everyone improves, but some improve more than others. This simple fact has led to frequent debate over the relative importance of genetic and environmental influences on motor learning. In principle these factor...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Fox PW,Hershberger SL,Bouchard TJ Jr

更新日期：1996-11-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Living organisms rely on simultaneous reactions catalysed by mutually compatible and selective enzymes to synthesize complex natural products and other metabolites. To combine the advantages of these biological systems with the reactivity of artificial chemical catalysts, chemists have devised sequential, concurrent, ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Litman ZC,Wang Y,Zhao H,Hartwig JF

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the regeneration of nervous tissue in the vertebrate is very limited, there are a few remarkable examples of this process. Understanding the factors that regulate CNS regeneration in those areas of the nervous system where it occurs, will doubtless provide generally applicable, essential information about the...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Reh TA,Nagy T,Gretton H

更新日期：1987-11-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Transgenic mice bearing the cellular myc oncogene coupled to the immunoglobulin mu or kappa enhancer frequently develop a fatal lymphoma within a few months of birth. Since the tumours represent represent both immature and mature B lymphocytes, constitutive c-myc expression appears to be highly leukaemogenic at severa...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Adams JM,Harris AW,Pinkert CA,Corcoran LM,Alexander WS,Cory S,Palmiter RD,Brinster RL

更新日期：1985-12-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Online hate and extremist narratives have been linked to abhorrent real-world events, including a current surge in hate crimes1-6 and an alarming increase in youth suicides that result from social media vitriol7; inciting mass shootings such as the 2019 attack in Christchurch, stabbings and bombings8-11; recruitment o...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Johnson NF,Leahy R,Restrepo NJ,Velasquez N,Zheng M,Manrique P,Devkota P,Wuchty S

更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) is a rare and fatal human premature ageing disease, characterized by premature arteriosclerosis and degeneration of vascular smooth muscle cells (SMCs). HGPS is caused by a single point mutation in the lamin A (LMNA) gene, resulting in the generation of progerin, a truncated...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Liu GH,Barkho BZ,Ruiz S,Diep D,Qu J,Yang SL,Panopoulos AD,Suzuki K,Kurian L,Walsh C,Thompson J,Boue S,Fung HL,Sancho-Martinez I,Zhang K,Yates J 3rd,Izpisua Belmonte JC

更新日期：2011-04-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Magnetars are neutron stars with X-ray and soft γ-ray outbursts thought to be powered by intense internal magnetic fields. Like conventional neutron stars in the form of radio pulsars, magnetars exhibit 'glitches' during which angular momentum is believed to be transferred between the solid outer crust and the superfl...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Archibald RF,Kaspi VM,Ng CY,Gourgouliatos KN,Tsang D,Scholz P,Beardmore AP,Gehrels N,Kennea JA

更新日期：2013-05-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent studies have shown that developing nerve fibres grow directly to their targets and are guided by specific cues, but the nature of these cues and the mechanism of guidance remain unknown. The growth of sympathetic axons towards an artificial source of nerve growth factor (NGF) in vivo and of sensory neurites up ...

journal_title：Nature

authors： Lumsden AG,Davies AM

更新日期：1983-12-22 00:00:00