Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Nicotine is commonly abused in adolescence and is believed to be a "gateway" to other drugs of abuse [e.g., methamphetamine (METH)]. The relationship between early nicotine exposure and later METH use is complicated because the majority of juvenile smokers continue to use cigarettes into adulthood. Thus, the present investigation examined the individual and combined contribution of adolescent and adult nicotine exposure on METH self-administration. METHODS:Forty-three male rats were pretreated with saline or nicotine (0.16 or 0.64 mg/kg, SC) from postnatal day (PD) 35-50. On PD 51, subjects were split into the following groups: SAL-SAL, 0.16-0.16, 0.16-SAL, 0.64-0.64, and 0.64-SAL. Rats were then trained to lever press for METH (0.05 mg/kg) for seven days on an FR1 and seven days on an FR3 reinforcement schedule. After acquisition training, rats underwent 14 days of extinction and were then tested for METH-induced primed reinstatement (1.0mg/kg, IP). RESULTS:Data showed that rats receiving continuous injections of the low dose of nicotine (0.16-0.16) obtained more METH infusions versus the control group (SAL-SAL) on an FR1 and FR3 schedule. In addition, rats on the FR3 schedule that received a low dose of nicotine during the adolescent period only (0.16-SAL) had more METH intake than the control group (SAL-SAL). Interestingly, the high dose of nicotine exposure had no effect on METH intake and neither nicotine dose altered METH seeking behavior. CONCLUSIONS:Low dose exposure to nicotine during adolescence enhances the reinforcing effects of METH, while heavier exposure has no effect on METH intake.
journal_name
Drug Alcohol Dependjournal_title
Drug and alcohol dependenceauthors
Pipkin JA,Kaplan GJ,Plant CP,Eaton SE,Gil SM,Zavala AR,Crawford CAdoi
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.06.029subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-09-01 00:00:00pages
341-4eissn
0376-8716issn
1879-0046pii
S0376-8716(14)00956-9journal_volume
142pub_type
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