Abstract:
:Anatomical studies in several species have demonstrated a pallidostriatal pathway. We employed electrophysiological and anatomical methods to distinguish the neurones of this pathway from the two pallidocortical groups reported in the rat. Injection of fluorescent retrograde tracers, combined with immunohistochemistry for choline acetyltransferase, provided anatomical evidence of the distinction between neurones of the cholinergic pallidocortical projection and pallidal cells retrogradely labelled from the striatum. Extracellular recordings made in the globus pallidus of halothane-anaesthetised rats provided an electrophysiological description of the pallidostriatal pathway. In some animals neurones of this pathway were distinguished from pallidocortical neurones as a stimulating electrode, situated in the crus cerebri, permitted identification of neurones which projected through this region as well as to the striatum. Neither pallidocortical pathway is reported to have descending axons travelling in the crus cerebri at this point. A preliminary electrophysiological study was carried out in rats in which the dopamine-containing cells of substantia nigra had been destroyed by injections of 6-hydroxydopamine at least 6 months prior to the recording. In the globus pallidus on the lesioned side the mean firing rate of neurones was increased compared with controls. No specific change in firing pattern was noted but the neurones were more responsive to striatal stimulation suggesting that long-term dopamine denervation alters the sensitivity of neurones of globus pallidus.
journal_name
Exp Brain Resjournal_title
Experimental brain researchauthors
Walker RH,Arbuthnott GW,Wright AKdoi
10.1007/BF00248863subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1989-01-01 00:00:00pages
303-10issue
2eissn
0014-4819issn
1432-1106journal_volume
74pub_type
杂志文章abstract::This study investigated the importance of binocular vision to foot placement accuracy when stepping onto a floor-based target during gait initiation. Starting from stationary, participants placed alternate feet onto targets sequentially positioned along a straight travel path with the added constraint that the initial...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-011-2910-x
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immunoreactive TRH-containing neurons and their synaptic associations were studied electron microscopically in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) and dorsomedial nucleus (DMH) of the rat hypothalamus. In propylthiouracil (PTU)-treated rats, the immunoreactive cell bodies in the PVN appeared to be activated, showing a h...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00237473
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The distribution, dendritic trees and axonal courses of spinally projecting cells in the dorsal column nuclei were studied after labelling by retrograde HRP transport. The region of densest distribution was at the base of the two nuclei and in the area between them, extending for about 2 mm caudally from the obex. Onl...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00235479
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This longitudinal study, extending over 12 months, assessed the behavioural and biochemical effects of hippocampal sympathetic ingrowth (HSI) into the partially denervated hippocampus. Male Long-Evans rats received fimbria-fornix lesions (FIFO) or sham operations at 90 days of age. At the same time half of the rats fr...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00230648
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent morphological observations have suggested neurotransmitter specific degeneration of amongst others, the serotonergic system in the aged rat brain. However, morphological studies can only give a static picture of the events that take place over a period of several months. In the present study we used an experime...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00230689
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The McGurk effect, which denotes the influence of visual information on audiovisual speech perception, is less frequently observed in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) compared to those without it; the reason for this remains unclear. Several studies have suggested that facial configuration context might...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-018-5188-4
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of short-term, constant practice on the kinematics of a multi-joint pointing movement were studied in the hemiparetic arm of 20 chronic patients with unilateral left cerebro-vascular accident (CVA) and in 10 age- and sex-matched healthy individuals. Practice consisted of a single session of 70 pointing mov...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-003-1568-4
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::To understand spatiotemporally coordinated activity in neural networks and interaction between different areas or layers in brain tissue, simultaneous multisite recording is a prerequisite. For in vitro studies pursuing these goals, substrate integrated, planar microelectrode arrays (MEAs) have been developed to monit...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-001-0932-5
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two superimposed gratings, which differ in orientation and move independently, combine into a coherently moving plaid if the component gratings are similar. The effect on the plaid motion percept of the addition of texture to each grating was investigated. The texture disambiguates the motion of each component grating...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00228400
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::When grasping an object, our gaze marks key positions to which the fingertips are directed. In contrast, eye fixations during perceptual tasks are typically concentrated on an object's centre of mass (COM). However, previous studies have typically required subjects to either grasp the object at predetermined sites or ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-011-2716-x
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to clarify the functional role of the supplementary motor area (SMA) and its rostral part (pre-SMA) in relation to the rate of repetitive finger movements, we recorded movement-related cortical potentials (MRCPs) directly from the surface of the mesial frontal lobe by using subdural electrode grids implanted ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s002210000519
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied intermanual motor transfer for right-to-left or left-to-right direction of transfer between either proximal or distal upper extremity muscle groups. The influence of previously acquired motor engrams (original learning, OL) on learning efficiency of the contralateral side (transfer learning, TL) was examine...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00228105
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The flexion reflex modulation pattern was investigated in nine people with a chronic spinal cord injury during stepping using body weight support on a treadmill and manual assistance by therapists. Body weight support was provided by an upper body harness and was adjusted for each subject to promote the best stepping ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-009-1854-x
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sudden limb displacement evokes a complex sequence of compensatory muscle activity. Following the short-latency reflex and preceding voluntary reactions is an epoch termed the medium-latency reflex (MLR) that could reflect spinal processing of group II muscle afferents. One way to test this possibility is oral ingesti...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-017-5162-6
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have investigated the visual responses of 184 single units located in the superficial layers of the optic tectum (OT) of the decerebrate, paralysed pigeon. Visual responses were similar to those reported in non-decerebrate preparations; most units responded best to moving visual stimuli, 18% were directionally sele...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/pl00005779
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Internal models are sensory motor mappings used by the nervous system to anticipate the force requirements of movement tasks. The ability to use internal models likely underlies the development of skillful control of the arm throughout life. It is currently unknown to what extent individuals with hemiparetic stroke ca...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-002-1340-1
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Precise left-hand movements take longer than right-hand movements (for right-handers). To quantify how left-hand movements are affected by task difficulty and phase of movement control, we manipulated the difficulty of repetitive speeded aiming movements while participants used the left or right hand. We observed left...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-012-3110-z
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prefrontal cortex (PFC) plays an important role in several cognitive functions, such as planning, decision making, and social behavior. We previously reported that periodontal sensory input significantly increases PFC activity during the motor task of maintaining occlusal (biting) force. However, the relationships...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-019-05630-y
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our previous study showed that a fully flexed or extended hand became perceived as an extended or flexed 'phantom' hand as ischemic anesthesia progressed (Inui et al. in J Physiol 589:5775-5784, 2011). Here, we examined what happened if the hand was held in the midposition before and during the anesthesia. Twenty heal...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-012-3040-9
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The activity of 28 cells located mainly in the secondary auditory cortex (A II) of awake squirrel-monkeys, was extracellularly recorded for periods of up to 6 h. Seven different species-specific vocalizations, which were repeatedly presented to the monkey, were used as auditory stimuli. Twenty-six cells responded, at ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00239144
更新日期:1979-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::To investigate the topographic organization of nociceptive neurons in the caudal medullary reticular formation, the distribution of cells that exhibit c-fos expression was examined following a unilateral noxious facial stimulus: subcutaneous injection of formalin into the vibrissal pad of awake rats. Labelling for Fos...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00228014
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We previously described significant relationships between amplitude variations in slow brain potentials and timed between-press intervals (2.5 s). We suggested that these variations are neural traces of timing mechanisms. To determine which time processing stage is concerned, the current study examines whether these v...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-002-1103-z
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The whisker-to-barrel pathway of the adult mouse was used in a study on the effects of peripheral sensory deprivation on GAD-immunoreactivity in the somatosensory cortex. At varying periods of time after removal of a set of vibrissal follicles, mice were processed for immunohistochemistry using an antibody against GAD...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00247346
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reflexive attentional shift in response to another individual's gaze direction has been reported, but it remains unknown whether this process can occur subliminally. We investigated this issue using facial stimuli consisting of drawings (Experiment 1) and photographs (Experiment 2). The gaze direction was expressed by...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-007-1025-x
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In cats anaesthetised with pentobarbitone, the effect of inhibitors of the in vitro cellular uptake of GABA were tested on the responses of single central neurones to GABA and other depressant amino acids. (4)- AND (-)-nepecotic acid, (4)-2,4-diaminobutyric acid (DABA) and 2,2-dimethyl-beta-alanine, enhanced the actio...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00241731
更新日期:1976-06-30 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated whether the execution of an accurate pointing response depends on a prior saccade orientation towards the target, independent of the vision of the limb. A comparison was made between the accuracy of sequential responses (in which the starting position of the hand is known and the eye centred on...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00228987
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many studies demonstrated a higher accuracy in perception and action when using more than one sense. The maximum-likelihood estimation (MLE) model offers a recent approach on how perceptual information is integrated across different sensory modalities suggesting statistically optimal integration. The purpose of the pr...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-009-2099-4
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The activity of cat semicircular canal and otolith afferents was studied during yaw and roll rotations, respectively, to examine their dynamic behavior. 2. A sinusoidal analysis of the canal afferent activities showed that their dynamic characteristics are similar to those of second order vestibular neurons, except...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00239549
更新日期:1978-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::Single neurons in the auditory cortex of anesthetized cats were examined quantitatively for their sensitivity to the sound pressure level of characteristic frequency (CF) tone pulses, and to 6 dB, linear modulations in the amplitude of a continuous CF carrier tone. The direction and rate of amplitude modulation (AM), ...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00247281
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of cutaneous feedback in the agonist-antagonist co-activation mechanism during maximum voluntary force (MVF) production by the fingers. Seventeen healthy male subjects (age: 23.8 ± 1.0 years) were asked to press with maximal effort at their fingertips. Finger force...
journal_title:Experimental brain research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00221-013-3601-6
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00