Abstract:
:The concept of the "Calorie" originated in the 1800 s in an environment with limited food availability, primarily as a means to define economic equivalencies in the energy density of food substrates. Soon thereafter, the energy densities of the major macronutrients-fat, protein, and carbohydrates-were defined. However, within a few decades of its inception, the "Calorie" became a commercial tool for industries to promote specific food products, regardless of health benefit. Modern technology has altered our living conditions and has changed our relationship with food from one of survival to palatability. Advances in agriculture, food manufacturing, and processing have ensured that calorie scarcity is less prevalent than calorie excess in the modern world. Yet, many still approach dietary macronutrients in a reductionist manner and assume that isocalorie foodstuffs are isometabolic. Herein, we discuss a novel way to view the major food macronutrients and human diet in this era of excessive caloric consumption, along with a novel relationship among calorie scarcity, mild cold stress, and sleep that may explain the increasing prevalence of nutritionally related diseases.
journal_name
Metab Syndr Relat Disordjournal_title
Metabolic syndrome and related disordersauthors
Cronise RJ,Sinclair DA,Bremer AAdoi
10.1089/met.2014.0027subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-09-01 00:00:00pages
355-61issue
7eissn
1540-4196issn
1557-8518journal_volume
12pub_type
杂志文章abstract:: Background: Ethnic variations have been reported in allelic frequencies of the leptin receptor gene (LEPR) with population-specific effects. We aimed to explore the association of LEPR polymorphisms with obesity, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and leptin levels in Afro-Caribbe...
journal_title:Metabolic syndrome and related disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/met.2018.0133
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Concomitant supplementation of 1.5% docosahexaenoic acid (22:6 n-3; DHA) with 0.5% t10, c12-conjugated linoleic acid (18:2 n-6; CLA) prevented the CLA-induced increase in expression of hepatic genes involved in fatty acid synthesis and the decrease in expression of genes involved in fatty acid oxidation. The...
journal_title:Metabolic syndrome and related disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/met.2012.0116
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Metabolic syndrome is closely associated with morbid obesity and leads to increased risk of cardiovascular diseases and related mortality. Bariatric surgery is considered an effective option for the management of this condition. We searched MEDLINE, Current Contents, and the Cochrane Library for papers published on ba...
journal_title:Metabolic syndrome and related disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/met.2014.0115
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We compared the lipid-altering effects of ezetimibe/simvastatin (EZE/SIMVA) co-administered with fenofibrate (FENO) in mixed hyperlipidemic patients with (MetS) versus those without MetS. METHODS:A total of 611 patients, 20 to 79 years old, with LDL-C 130-220 mg/dL (100-180 mg/dL for patients with type 2 di...
journal_title:Metabolic syndrome and related disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/met.2007.0011
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are increasing rapidly worldwide, but metabolically healthy population exists. Thus, this study evaluated the proportion of obesity and MetS and investigated clinical and body compositional factors associated with MetS in obese Koreans. METHODS:This cross-sectional obse...
journal_title:Metabolic syndrome and related disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/met.2017.0174
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cognitive decline has been shown to be associated with long-term type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This review analyzes the present literature to ascertain the role of regular physical activity (PA) for the functioning of the diabetic brain. METHODS:PubMed was systematically searched for relevant publication...
journal_title:Metabolic syndrome and related disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1089/met.2017.0120
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:: Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) and cardiovascular mortality. However, few Brazilian studies evaluated MS in diabetic individuals with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Nevertheless, the objective of this stu...
journal_title:Metabolic syndrome and related disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/met.2020.0064
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Multiple abnormal metabolic traits are found together or "cluster" within individuals more often than is predicted by chance. The individual and combined role of adiposity and insulin resistance (IR) on metabolic trait clustering is uncertain. We tested the hypothesis that change in trait clustering is a fun...
journal_title:Metabolic syndrome and related disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/met.2013.0148
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The aim of this study was to assess prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its components according to different criteria in the population of bank employees in St. Petersburg, Russia. METHODS:A total of 1,600 office workers were screened at their working places from the Sberbank state bank in St. Petersburg....
journal_title:Metabolic syndrome and related disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/met.2011.0028
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The association of metabolic syndrome with venous thromboembolism (VTE) remains uncertain. Moreover, the relevance of abdominal obesity as an independent or related risk factor for VTE in the metabolic syndrome cluster is controversial. We aimed to evaluate the impact of metabolic syndrome and its individu...
journal_title:Metabolic syndrome and related disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/met.2010.0117
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:: Background: Obesity causes significant morbidity and mortality and continues to be a significant public health concern. Unfortunately, lifestyle modification and pharmacotherapy do not produce durable results. This has led to bariatric surgical procedures playing an increa...
journal_title:Metabolic syndrome and related disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/met.2020.0049
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:It has been reported that a continuous intake of a catechin beverage will reduce body fat. Traditionally, improvement of eating and exercise habits has been the basis for prevention and reduction of obesity. In this study, we conducted a trial involving human subjects who ingested a catechin beverage for 1 y...
journal_title:Metabolic syndrome and related disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/met.2008.0061
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:: Background: Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) is an index of the average blood glucose level over the preceding 2-3 months. In experimental studies, the lens responded to changes in osmolarity by forming vacuoles. By observing the vacuoles of the lens during eye examination, can...
journal_title:Metabolic syndrome and related disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/met.2018.0076
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The metabolic syndrome increases the risk of atherothrombotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) and diabetes. In turn, diabetes promotes the development of atheroma and is regarded as a coronary heart disease risk equivalent. A multifactorial therapeutic strategy is advocated for patients with the metabolic syndrome to imp...
journal_title:Metabolic syndrome and related disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/met.2006.4.328
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Overall hemostatic potential (OHP) captures all factors that affect coagulation and fibrinolysis cascade. It has not yet been assessed in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The aim of the study was to identify the relationship of OHP with a syndrome per se and body mass index (BMI). METHODS:In 90 women with ...
journal_title:Metabolic syndrome and related disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/met.2016.0148
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and prediabetes (or patients at risk for diabetes) have been increasing in epidemic proportions. Dyslipidemia and hypertension are cardiovascular risk factors frequently associated with diabetes and prediabetes. Bile acid sequestrants (BAS) were initially approved for the treatment of e...
journal_title:Metabolic syndrome and related disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/met.2010.0087
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This study aimed to evaluate the association between decreased estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) according to muscle mass. METHODS:Body composition was measured in 3351 men and 4394 women aged between 19 and 97 years using the 2010-2011 Korea Nation...
journal_title:Metabolic syndrome and related disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/met.2016.0017
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The aim of this study was to investigate insulin sensitivity and secretion in lean and obese Asian (Thai) type 2 diabetic patients. METHODS:Insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion was assessed with the hyperinsulinemic euglycemic (80 mU/m(2) per min) and hyperglycemic clamp technique in 9 lean and 10 obes...
journal_title:Metabolic syndrome and related disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/met.2009.0030
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The aim of this study was to study (1) weight gain in type 2 diabetics with different treatment modalities and (2) relationship of weight gain with stable adult weight. METHODS:A study of 469 type 2 diabetics on regular follow-up was undertaken to determine the effect of modality of therapy on patient's wei...
journal_title:Metabolic syndrome and related disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/met.2005.3.130
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:This study was designed to evaluate carotid intima media thickness (CIMT) and serum osteoprotegerin (OPG) levels in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in comparison to healthy controls and to investigate factors predicting the CIMT increase. MATERIALS AND METHODS:A total of 60 outpatients [median (min-max) a...
journal_title:Metabolic syndrome and related disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/met.2013.0151
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:We evaluated structural microvascular alterations in the skeletal muscle and left ventricle, as well as endothelium-dependent microvascular reactivity in the skeletal muscle, of diabetic rats subjected to long-term aerobic exercise training. METHODS:Diabetes was experimentally induced by a combination of a ...
journal_title:Metabolic syndrome and related disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/met.2015.0146
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Previous reports indicate that both distribution and amount of body fat confers susceptibility to metabolic syndrome. However, the relative contributions of these two different parameters of body fat to the various components of the metabolic syndrome have not been well defined. METHODS:Dual-energy X-ray ab...
journal_title:Metabolic syndrome and related disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/met.2008.0026
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this communication we discuss the role of the gut for the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Gastric emptying rates importantly determine postprandial glucose excursions and regulate postprandial secretion of the incretin hormones, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP), and glucagon-like p...
journal_title:Metabolic syndrome and related disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/met.2017.0015
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:High blood concentrations of inflammatory markers, including white blood cell (WBC) count, are closely related to the metabolic syndrome. Both conditions predict dismal survival. We determined prospective associations between mortality and factors derived by a factor analysis of WBC count and the basic compo...
journal_title:Metabolic syndrome and related disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/met.2012.0100
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Sirtuin (SirT), a family of conserved histone deacetylases and transferases, has been proposed to function in inflammatory, cancer, and metabolic diseases. However, it is unclear how SirT modulates these processes. In this study, the effect of metformin on senescence and antisenescence mediators (SirT1-7, p5...
journal_title:Metabolic syndrome and related disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/met.2014.0168
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Metabolic syndrome is prevalent in adults characterized by increased visceral adiposity and insulin resistance (IR). However, the link between pancreatic β-cell function and metabolic syndrome severity in adults across the glucose spectrum is unknown. We hypothesized that poor β-cell function would independe...
journal_title:Metabolic syndrome and related disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/met.2013.0083
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Metabolic syndrome occurs commonly in the United States. The purpose of this study was to measure the prevalence of metabolic syndrome among American Indian and Alaska Native people. METHODS:We measured the prevalence rates of metabolic syndrome, as defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program, amo...
journal_title:Metabolic syndrome and related disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/met.2008.0021
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:The objective of this study was to estimate basal insulin resistance (IR) and insulin secretion (IS) in Nigerians with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS:The homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) method was used to estimate basal IR and IS in 146 Nigerians with T2DM and in 33 controls at the University of Nige...
journal_title:Metabolic syndrome and related disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/met.2009.0002
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Even though insulin resistance, cardiovascular disease (CVD), and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are associated with hypertriglyceridemia, blacks with these conditions usually have normal triglyceride (TG) levels. This is often called a lipid paradox. More precisely, it is a "TG paradox." The pathways that lead to hypertriglyc...
journal_title:Metabolic syndrome and related disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1089/met.2011.0108
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The aim of this study was to discover the association of serum high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) with various risk factors for metabolic syndrome in an urban population of Karachi, Pakistan. METHOD:In this cross-sectional study, 337 healthy adults (108 males and 229 females, mean age 40.7 ± 14.2 y...
journal_title:Metabolic syndrome and related disorders
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/met.2010.0113
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00