Abstract:
:Decreased brain insulin signaling has been found recently in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Intranasal administration of insulin, which delivers the drug directly into the brain, improves memory and cognition in both animal studies and small clinical trials. However, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Here, we treated 9-month-old 3xTg-AD mice, a commonly used mouse model of AD, with daily intranasal administration of insulin for seven days and then studied brain abnormalities of the mice biochemically and immunohistochemically. We found that intranasal insulin restored insulin signaling, increased the levels of synaptic proteins, and reduced Aβ40 level and microglia activation in the brains of 3xTg-AD mice. However, this treatment did not affect the levels of glucose transporters and O-GlcNAcylation or tau phosphorylation. Our findings provide a mechanistic insight into the beneficial effects of intranasal insulin treatment and support continuous clinical trials of intranasal insulin for the treatment of AD.
journal_name
Exp Neuroljournal_title
Experimental neurologyauthors
Chen Y,Zhao Y,Dai CL,Liang Z,Run X,Iqbal K,Liu F,Gong CXdoi
10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.06.004subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-11-01 00:00:00pages
610-9eissn
0014-4886issn
1090-2430pii
S0014-4886(14)00191-5journal_volume
261pub_type
杂志文章abstract::This study examines the effects of high K+ concentration on the growth and development of mesencephalic cells and their glutamate vulnerability. Mesencephalic cell cultures obtained from Wistar rat embryos on the 14th gestational day were maintained for 14 days in medium with either normal (4.2 mM) or elevated (24.2 m...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.1996.0024
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Whereas quite a number of previous reports have shown that the developing brain is vulnerable to protein deprivation, the mature CNS is usually considered resistant to this condition. To explore this assumption the present experimental model was built on groups of 2-month-old rats fed with a low-protein diet (8% casei...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4886(89)90081-2
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the neocortex, the effectiveness of potential transplantation therapy for diseases involving neuronal loss may depend upon whether donor neurons can reestablish the precise long-distance projections that form the basis of sensory, motor, and cognitive function. During corticogenesis, the formation of these connecti...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.1996.0088
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite the importance of the periaqueductal gray (PAG) in the modulation of nociception and pain, many aspects of the roles of the different columns of the PAG in descending controls: facilitation and inhibition, are not understood. Employing a tonic muscle pain model established by i.m. injection of 5.8% saline into...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.04.019
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The expression of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) changes depending on light. VIP mRNA increases and GRP mRNA decreases in the light phase, while they do not show change without light. In the present study we investigated the involvement of s...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.2001.7759
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::These experiments were completed as part of an NIH "Facilities of Research Excellence in Spinal Cord Injury" contract to support independent replication of published studies that could be considered for eventual clinical testing. Recent studies have reported that selective inhibition of the P2X7 receptor improves both...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2011.06.008
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of corporal hypothermia on regional blood flow in peripheral nerve is unknown. We compared blood flow in resting sciatic nerves of anesthetized, normothermic rats with that of rats whose rectal temperatures had been acutely lowered to 28 to 30 degrees C. Peripheral nerve regional blood flow in normothermic ...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4886(87)90098-7
更新日期:1987-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Breathing is a life-sustaining behavior that in mammals is accomplished by activation of dedicated muscles responsible for inspiratory and expiratory forces acting on the lung and chest wall. Motor control is exerted by specialized pools of motoneurons in the medulla and spinal cord innervated by projections from mult...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2016.09.014
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the effect of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) upon nigrostriatal dopaminergic function in response to two-pulse potassium (K(+)) stimulation in rats under in vivo microdialysis conditions. The two-pulse infusion protocol permits us to focus upon the role of this neurotrophin as related t...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.2000.7515
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Youth is a strong predictor of functional recovery after peripheral nerve repair, while adulthood is commonly associated with poor outcome. Identification of the factors responsible for this difference could form the basis for strategies to improve regeneration in adults. Preferential reinnervation of motor pathways b...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.2000.7538
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol on sensory activity in the thalamic intralaminar nuclei, centralis lateralis and the mesencephalic reticular formation were compared with the effects on cortical association or heterosensory systems in alpha-chloralose-anesthetized cats. The drug depressed the anterior margi...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4886(87)90121-x
更新日期:1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peripheral nerve grafts (PNG) into the rat spinal cord support axon regeneration after acute or chronic injury, with synaptic reconnection across the lesion site and some level of behavioral recovery. Here, we grafted a peripheral nerve into the injured spinal cord of cats as a preclinical treatment approach to promot...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2010.06.011
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alcohol intake is one of the important lifestyle factors for the risk of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. Acetaldehyde, the major ethanol metabolite which is far more reactive than ethanol, has been postulated to participate in alcohol-induced tissue injury although its direct impact on insulin signaling is unc...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2006.08.002
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Abuse of stimulant drugs such as methamphetamine (METH) and cocaine has been associated with long-lasting persistent behavioral alterations. Although METH-induced changes in the striatal dopaminergic system might play a role in these effects, the potential underlying neuroanatomical substrate for the chronic cognitive...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2007.05.023
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is a consensus that active sleep (AS; i.e., REM sleep) is produced by cholinergic projections from the pedunculopontine tegmental nuclei (PPT) that activate AS-on neurons in the nucleus pontis oralis (NPO) that are components of the AS-Generator. However, there is a growing body of evidence indicating that other...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2012.08.001
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The chorda tympani (CT) nerve carries taste information from the anterior tongue to the brain stem. Injury to the chorda tympani may result in loss or distortion of taste information. This study examined changes occurring in the hamster peripheral taste system during recovery from injury. The hamster chorda tympani ne...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.1996.0169
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mutations in the human NOTCH3 gene cause cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), but the pathogenesis of CADASIL has remained unclear. Recently, endocytosis of the Notch ectodermal domain into ligand-expressing cells, called transendocytosis, has come to be...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2011.10.020
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dementia and parkinsonism are late-onset symptoms associated with repetitive head injury, as documented in multiple contact-sport athletes. Clinical symptomatology is the likely phenotype of chronic degeneration and circuit disruption in the substantia nigra (SN). To investigate the initiating neuropathology, we hypot...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2011.12.003
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of 5-HT2 and opioid receptors in pudendal inhibition of bladder activity induced by intravesical infusion of saline or 0.25% acetic acid (AA) was investigated in anesthetized cats using methysergide (a 5-HT2 receptor antagonist) and naloxone (an opioid receptor antagonist). AA irritated the bladder and signif...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2013.05.006
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cerebral edema is a clinical problem that frequently follows ischemic infarcts. Sulfonylurea receptor 1 (SUR1) is an inducible protein that can form a heteromultimeric complex with aquaporin 4 (AQP4) that mediate the ion/water transport involved in brain tissue swelling. Transcription of the Abcc8 gene coding for SUR1...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2020.113353
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) plays an essential role in sensory neuronal activation in response to visceral inflammation. Here we report that BDNF up-regulation in the primary afferent neurons in the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) in a rat model of colitis is mediated by the activation of endogenous extracellul...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2012.08.007
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anisotropy indices derived from diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) are being increasingly used as biomarkers of central WM structural maturation, myelination and even functional development. Our hypothesis was that the rate of functional changes in central WM tracts directly reflects rate of changes in structural developm...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.06.021
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is a debilitating and dose-limiting side effect of treatment with the chemotherapeutic agent, paclitaxel. Understanding the effects of paclitaxel on sensory neuronal function and the signaling pathways which mediate these paclitaxel-induced changes in function are critical for the developmen...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2013.12.011
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The central histaminergic system is one of the subcortical aminergic projection systems involved in several regulatory functions. The central dopaminergic and histaminergic systems interact extensively, but little is known about the histaminergic system in diseases affecting the dopaminergic neurons. The distribution ...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.2000.7362
更新日期:2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::AMPAkines are positive modulators of AMPA receptors, and previous work has shown that these compounds can facilitate synaptic plasticity and improve learning and memory in both animals and humans; thus, their role in the treatment of cognitive impairment is worthy of investigation. In this study, we have utilized an o...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2008.07.010
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously found that fetal cortex taken from 16- to 18-day-old donors survives grafting to the infarcted cortex 5-7 days after middle cerebral artery occlusion. The present study was undertaken to examine the effect on graft survival of varying the age of the fetal donor tissue and the time between vessel occ...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/exnr.1994.1086
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::One of the primary hallmarks of glutamate excitotoxicity is degradation of the neuronal cytoskeleton. Using a tissue culture approach, we have investigated the relationship between excitotoxicity and cytoskeletal degradation within axons, with particular reference to the axon specific neurofilament proteins. Neurofila...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2005.01.005
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new mutant, peroneal muscular atrophy (pma) mouse in CF#1 strain has an autosomal recessively inherited equinovarus (club foot deformity) of the hind legs because of the absence of the common peroneal nerve branch of the sciatic nerve. We found the peroneal muscles were hypoplastic with histochemical and electron mi...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0014-4886(86)90053-1
更新日期:1986-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is difficult to assess cerebral function in comatose patients. Because earlier functional neuroimaging studies demonstrate associations between cerebral metabolism and levels of consciousness, fMRI in comatose survivors of cardiac arrest could provide further insight into cerebral function during coma. Using fMRI, ...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2009.03.011
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We compared the magnetic cerebral activity of 10 fetal subjects at two different gestational ages. Spontaneous cerebral activity was recorded with a large array magnetometer specially designed to conform to the maternal gravid abdomen during the third trimester of pregnancy. We recorded each fetal subject at least twi...
journal_title:Experimental neurology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2004.06.026
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00