Intranasal insulin restores insulin signaling, increases synaptic proteins, and reduces Aβ level and microglia activation in the brains of 3xTg-AD mice.

Abstract:

:Decreased brain insulin signaling has been found recently in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Intranasal administration of insulin, which delivers the drug directly into the brain, improves memory and cognition in both animal studies and small clinical trials. However, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Here, we treated 9-month-old 3xTg-AD mice, a commonly used mouse model of AD, with daily intranasal administration of insulin for seven days and then studied brain abnormalities of the mice biochemically and immunohistochemically. We found that intranasal insulin restored insulin signaling, increased the levels of synaptic proteins, and reduced Aβ40 level and microglia activation in the brains of 3xTg-AD mice. However, this treatment did not affect the levels of glucose transporters and O-GlcNAcylation or tau phosphorylation. Our findings provide a mechanistic insight into the beneficial effects of intranasal insulin treatment and support continuous clinical trials of intranasal insulin for the treatment of AD.

journal_name

Exp Neurol

journal_title

Experimental neurology

authors

Chen Y,Zhao Y,Dai CL,Liang Z,Run X,Iqbal K,Liu F,Gong CX

doi

10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.06.004

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2014-11-01 00:00:00

pages

610-9

eissn

0014-4886

issn

1090-2430

pii

S0014-4886(14)00191-5

journal_volume

261

pub_type

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