Abstract：
BACKGROUND:Anteriorly displaced anus is an anomaly that is debated with regard to its nomenclature, diagnosis and management. OBJECTIVE:To describe MRI anatomy of the anal canal in children with anteriorly displaced anus and its impact on the process of defecation. MATERIALS AND METHODS:We prospectively examined ten children (7 girls, 3 boys; age range 7 months to 8 years, mean 3 years) with anteriorly displaced anus between August 2009 and April 2012. Noncontrast MRI examinations were performed on a 1.5-T magnet. T1- and T2-weighted turbo spin-echo images were acquired in axial, sagittal and coronal planes of the pelvis. The anorectal angle and the relative hiatal distance were measured in mid-sagittal images, and compared with those of a control group using the Mann-Whitney test. RESULTS:In children with anteriorly displaced anus, no anatomical abnormality was depicted at the level of the proximal anal canal. However, the distal anal canal was displaced anteriorly, running out its external muscle cuff, which remained un-displaced at the usual site of the anus. This changes the orientation of the central axis of the anal canal by passing across instead of along the fibers of the longitudinal muscle coat. Children with anteriorly displaced anus had a more obtuse anorectal angle (mean 112.1°), which was significantly greater than that of the control group (mean 86.2°). CONCLUSION:MRI is a valuable tool in studying the anatomy of the anal canal in children with anteriorly displaced anus. The abnormal orientation of the longitudinal muscle across the anal canal can explain the obstructed defecation in these children. Based on this study, it might be of interest to use MRI in studying equivocal cases and children with unexplained constipation.
journal_name
Pediatr Radioljournal_title
Pediatric radiologyauthors
AbouZeid AA,Mohammad SA,Khairy KTdoi
10.1007/s00247-014-2897-0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-07-01 00:00:00pages
831-8issue
7eissn
0301-0449issn
1432-1998journal_volume
44pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Pericardial involvement in chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) is very rare. We present two children with known CGD and pericardial effusions in whom no microbial cause for the effusions was found. ...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002470050704
更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Parameters of linear measurement were compared with actual brain volume to assess the significance of linear measurements as indices of atrophy in 31 neurologically normal children and 22 neurologically abnormal children. Brain volume was established by means of an image-analyzing system using contiguous CT scans. The...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02013822
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The approach to breast masses in children differs from that in adults in many ways, including the differential diagnostic considerations, imaging algorithm and appropriateness of biopsy as a means of further characterization. Most pediatric breast masses are benign, either related to breast development or benign neopl...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00247-015-3402-0
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Percutaneous arterial closure devices have increasingly entered clinical practice to assist in achieving femoral arterial access site hemostasis. Prior studies have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of several arterial closure devices in adults. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy of using an arterial clo...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-012-2606-9
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Airway compression is a common problem in children with certain forms of congenital heart disease. Although various surgical approaches are available to overcome this form of airway obstruction, internal stenting is necessary in a minority of patients. It can be difficult to assess the success of stenting at the time ...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-006-0174-6
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chylopericardium rarely occurs in pediatric patients, but when it does it is most often a result of lymphatic injury during cardiothoracic surgery. Primary idiopathic chylopericardium is especially rare, with few cases in the pediatric literature. We report a 10-year-old boy who presented with primary idiopathic chylo...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-014-3182-y
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC) is among the most common procedures performed in children in the hospital setting. PICC insertion can be simplified with the use of a sheathed needle as an alternative to the modified Seldinger technique. OBJECTIVE:To retrospectively evaluate PICC placement for ...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-016-3629-4
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An unusual case is presented of a vascular ring due to a right arch with mirror-image branching and a left ligamentum arteriosum from the descending aorta to the left pulmonary artery. There have been only four previous reports of this rare arch anomaly. In addition, the patient had no underlying congenital heart lesi...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02019065
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Congenital solitary nonparasitic cysts of the liver (CSNCL) are extremely rare causes of abdominal masses in newborns and infants. We describe a cystic abdominal mass virtually all extrahepatic in a newborn that proved to be a CSNCL. ...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02013009
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Appropriate management of the child with malrotation and/or midgut volvulus requires a multi-disciplinary approach with early clinical suspicion, rapid confirmation of diagnosis, and expedient operative intervention in order to obtain the most effective outcomes. ...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00247-008-1129-x
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Medical examination is the main source of artificial radiation exposure. Because children present an increased sensitivity to ionising radiation, radiology practices at a national level in paediatrics should be monitored. OBJECTIVE:This study describes the ionising radiation exposure from diagnostic medical...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-014-3065-2
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We present two cases of granulocytic sarcoma of the cervical lymph nodes with central necrosis as an initial manifestation of childhood leukaemia, focusing on the imaging features. Recognition of the CT and MR imaging findings of granulocytic sarcoma involving the cervical lymph nodes assists the differential diagnosi...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-008-0748-6
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome is characterized by the phagocytosis of erthythrocytes and other blood elements in multiple organ systems, especially the liver and spleen. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can suggest this diagnosis in the proper clinical setting by demonstrating multiple, rounded signal voids...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002470050498
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Percutaneous retrograde gastrostomy has a high success rate, low morbidity, and can be performed under different levels of sedation or local anesthesia in children. Despite its favourable safety profile, major complications can occur. Few studies have examined peritonitis following percutaneous retrograde ga...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-016-3628-5
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The case of 6-year-old girl with an asymptomatic aneurysmal bone cyst of the acromion is reported. Such tumors are rarely located in the scapula and are especially rare in the acromion. The diagnosis was confirmed by biopsy and surgical resection of the lesion. Roentgenographic, CT and histologic features of the cyst ...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Dual-energy absorptiometry (DXA) is the current reference standard for assessing pediatric osteoporosis; however due to its areal nature, it has limitations. Thus, quantitative ultrasound (QUS), a modality free of ionizing radiation, has been proposed as a potential surrogate for DXA. OBJECTIVE:To semi-quan...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00247-014-3041-x
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 6-week-old girl presented with bronchiolitis secondary to respiratory syncytial virus. Eight days after admission she developed a Staphylococcus aureus infection at a previous intravenous cannula site. Despite antibiotic therapy this led to an anterior mediastinal staphylococcal abscess, which was drained surgically...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We present a child with double aberrant left brachiocephalic vein (ALBCV) that was an incidental finding on CT. The anterior and thin branch was above the aortic arch and behind the truncus brachiocephalicus and drained into the superior vena cava (SVC). The posterior and thick branch of the ALBCV coursed posterior to...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-007-0663-2
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The presence of fungus balls within the collecting system is an important clue to the radiological diagnosis of genitourinary candidiasis. In this report, an 8-month-old infant with this opportunistic infection is described. Emphasis is placed on the radiological findings of renal candidiasis, including previously unr...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002470000351
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In children, leukemia is the most common malignancy, and approximately 75% of leukemias are acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Central nervous system leukemia is found at diagnosis in fewer than 5% of children with ALL. Leukemic intracranial masses have been described with acute myeloid leukemia, but ALL presenting a...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00247-009-1347-x
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic seems largely controlled by anti-retroviral treatment with resultant large numbers of children growing up with the disease on long-term treatment, placing them at higher risk to develop HIV-related brain injury, ongoing cognitive impairment and treatment-related neurolog...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00247-018-4310-x
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:ACTH is used in childhood to treat infantile spasms and acute cerebellar encephalopathy (opsoclonus-cerebellar ataxia syndrome). We report two infants with ultrasonographic and CT evidence of massive, reversible adrenal enlargement secondary to exogenous ACTH therapy for these disorders. ...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02012450
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report our observations made by conventional radiography, ultrasound, computerized tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on a 3 1/2-year-old girl with Gaucher's disease. The interest of the case consists in the exceptional lungs involvement, the demonstration by MRI of the bone marrow involvement an...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02011620
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Automatic exposure control (AEC) is particularly well-suited for pediatric CT scanning. However the importance of the localizer scan portion of exams that relies on AEC is frequently underestimated. This paper explains in detail several crucial aspects of the localizer and their effect on the subsequent cross-sectiona...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00247-014-3140-8
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rickets is characterized by impaired mineralization and ossification of the growth plates of growing children caused by a variety of disorders, the most frequent of which is nutritional deficiency of vitamin D. Despite ample knowledge of its etiology and the availability of cost-effective methods of preventing it, vit...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00247-012-2532-x
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report an atypical leiomyoma arising in an hepatic vein and extending into the inferior vena cava and right atrium in a fourteen year old boy. US, CT and MRI facilitated diagnosis and removal of this tumor. ...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF02012978
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We present a pictorial review of neonatal ischemic brain injury and look at its pathophysiology, imaging features and differential diagnoses from a radiologist's perspective. The concept of perinatal stroke is defined and its distinction from hypoxic-ischemic injury is emphasized. A brief review of recent imaging adva...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00247-011-2332-8
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cranial sonography plays an important role in the initial evaluation of infants with suspected bacterial meningitis and in monitoring for complications of the disease. Echogenic widening of the brain sulci, meningeal thickening and hyperemia suggest the diagnosis in an at-risk population. Sonography can identify the p...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00247-007-0538-6
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In order to assess relationships between thyroid hormone status and findings on brain MRI, a subset of babies was recruited to a multi-centre randomised, placebo-controlled trial of levothyroxine (LT4) supplementation for babies born before 28 weeks' gestation (known as the TIPIT study, for Thyroxine supplem...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00247-014-2911-6
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Seventy-five premature infants weighing between 600 and 3200 g were studied over a period of 1 year. All of the infants received surfactant therapy for hyaline membrane disease immediately after birth and, thereafter, up to four doses every 6 h. The roentgenographic findings in all patients were documented at birth an...
journal_title：Pediatric radiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01372230
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
