Abstract:
:The traditional enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISpot) assay is the gold standard for the enumeration of antigen-specific B cells. Since B cell availability from biological samples is often limited, either because of sample size/volume or the need of performing multiple analyses on the same sample, the implementation of ELISpot assay formats that allow the simultaneous detection of multiple antibody types is desirable. While dual-color ELISpot assays have been described, technical complexities have so far prevented their wide utilization as well as further expansion of their multicolor capability. An attractive solution is to replace the chromogenic reaction of the traditional ELISpot assay with a fluorescent detection system (fluorospot assay). Fluorospot assays using fluorophore-conjugated secondary antibodies in conjunction with fluorescence enhancers, FITC/anti-FITC and biotin/avidin amplification systems and dedicated equipment for spot detection have been developed to enumerate T-cells secreting two or three specific cytokines and, more recently, IgG and IgA antibody-secreting cells (ASCs). We hereby report a method for a multiplex B cell fluorospot assay that utilizes quantum-dot nanocrystals as reporters without further amplification systems or need of dedicated equipment. With this method we simultaneously enumerated HIV-1 gp41 envelope glycoprotein-specific IgG and IgM antibody-secreting cells with sensitivity comparable to that of the traditional ELISpot assay.
journal_name
Cellsjournal_title
Cellsauthors
Bonsignori M,Moody MAdoi
10.3390/cells1010015subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-03-21 00:00:00pages
15-26issue
1issn
2073-4409pii
cells1010015journal_volume
1pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
Cells文献大全abstract::The longevity of people with HIV/AIDS has been prolonged with the use of antiretroviral therapy (ART). The age-related complications, especially cognitive deficits, rise as HIV patients live longer. Deposition of beta-amyloid (Aβ), a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), has been observed in subjects with HIV-associat...
journal_title:Cells
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/cells8090968
更新日期:2019-08-24 00:00:00
abstract::Specific nuclear sub-compartments that are regions of fundamental processes such as gene expression or DNA repair, contain phosphoinositides (PIPs). PIPs thus potentially represent signals for the localization of specific proteins into different nuclear functional domains. We performed limited proteolysis followed by ...
journal_title:Cells
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/cells10010068
更新日期:2021-01-04 00:00:00
abstract::Ferritin, the principal intracellular iron-storage protein localized in the cytoplasm, nucleus, and mitochondria, plays a major role in iron metabolism. The encoding ferritin genes are members of a multigene family that includes some pseudogenes. Even though pseudogenes have been initially considered as relics of anci...
journal_title:Cells
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/cells9122554
更新日期:2020-11-28 00:00:00
abstract::: In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on miRNAs as therapeutic targets in two cancer types that were frequently described to be driven by miRNAs-melanoma and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). By focusing on common microRNAs and associated pathways in these-at first sight-dissimilar cancer types, we aim at...
journal_title:Cells
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/cells9010114
更新日期:2020-01-02 00:00:00
abstract::Detachment and the formation of spheroids under microgravity conditions can be observed with various types of intrinsically adherent human cells. In particular, for cancer cells this process mimics metastasis and may provide insights into cancer biology and progression that can be used to identify new drug/target comb...
journal_title:Cells
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/cells9020367
更新日期:2020-02-05 00:00:00
abstract::Radiotherapy is one of the major cancer treatment strategies. Exposure to penetrating radiation causes cellular stress, directly or indirectly, due to the generation of reactive oxygen species, DNA damage, and subcellular organelle damage and autophagy. These radiation-induced damage responses cooperatively contribute...
journal_title:Cells
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/cells8091105
更新日期:2019-09-18 00:00:00
abstract::Carnosine (β-alanyl-L-histidine), a dipeptide, is an endogenous antioxidant widely distributed in excitable tissues like muscles and the brain. Carnosine is involved in cellular defense mechanisms against oxidative stress, including the inhibition of amyloid-beta (Aβ) aggregation and the scavenging of reactive species...
journal_title:Cells
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/cells8010064
更新日期:2019-01-17 00:00:00
abstract::Xeroderma Pigmentosum (XP) is a DNA repair disease characterized by nucleotide excision repair (NER) malfunction, leading to photosensitivity and increased incidence of skin malignancies. The role of XP-A in NER pathways has been well studied while discrepancies associated with ROS levels and the role of radical speci...
journal_title:Cells
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/cells8111377
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The NF-κB transcription factor pathway is a crucial regulator of inflammation and immune responses. Additionally, aberrant NF-κB signaling has been identified in many types of cancer. Downstream of key oncogenic pathways, such as RAS, BCR-ABL, and Her2, NF-κB regulates transcription of target genes that promote cell s...
journal_title:Cells
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/cells5020016
更新日期:2016-04-06 00:00:00
abstract::The primary cilium is an organelle involved in cellular signalling. Mutations affecting proteins involved in cilia assembly or function result in diseases known as ciliopathies, which cause a wide variety of phenotypes across multiple tissues. These mutations disrupt various cellular processes, including regulation of...
journal_title:Cells
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/cells9020278
更新日期:2020-01-23 00:00:00
abstract::The pathophysiology of diabetic nephropathy (DN), one of the most serious complications in diabetic patients and the leading cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide, is complex and not fully elucidated. A typical hallmark of DN is the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins in the glomerulus and...
journal_title:Cells
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/cells4040631
更新日期:2015-10-09 00:00:00
abstract::The second messenger 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) is one of the most important signalling molecules in the heart as it regulates many physiological and pathophysiological processes. In addition to the classical protein kinase A (PKA) signalling route, the exchange proteins directly activated by cAMP (Ep...
journal_title:Cells
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/cells8121543
更新日期:2019-11-29 00:00:00
abstract::Stem cell therapy represents a promising approach in the treatment of several neurodegenerative disorders, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The beneficial effect of stem cells is exerted by paracrine mediators, as exosomes, suggesting a possible potential use of these extracellular vesicles as non-cell b...
journal_title:Cells
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/cells8091087
更新日期:2019-09-14 00:00:00
abstract::Myelination of neuronal axons is essential for proper brain functioning and requires mature myelinating oligodendrocytes (myOLs). The human OL cell lines HOG and MO3.13 have been widely used as in vitro models to study OL (dys) functioning. Here we applied a number of protocols aimed at differentiating HOG and MO3.13 ...
journal_title:Cells
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/cells8091096
更新日期:2019-09-17 00:00:00
abstract::We prepared cellulose nanofibrils-based (CNF), alginate-based and single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT)-based inks for freeform reversible embedding hydrogel (FRESH) 3D bioprinting of conductive scaffolds. The 3D printability of conductive inks was evaluated in terms of their rheological properties. The differentiati...
journal_title:Cells
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/cells9030682
更新日期:2020-03-11 00:00:00
abstract::Substantial variations in differentiation properties have been reported among human pluripotent cell lines (hPSC), which could affect their utility and clinical safety. We characterized the variable osteogenic capacity observed between different human pluripotent stem cell lines. By focusing on the miRNA expression pr...
journal_title:Cells
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/cells8121523
更新日期:2019-11-26 00:00:00
abstract::There is a need to disentangle the etiological puzzle of age-related neurodegenerative diseases, whose clinical phenotypes arise from known, and as yet unknown, pathways that can act distinctly or in concert. Enhanced sub-phenotyping and the identification of in vivo biomarker-driven signature profiles could improve t...
journal_title:Cells
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/cells9122581
更新日期:2020-12-02 00:00:00
abstract::Host immune responses play an important role in the outcome of infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV). They can lead to viral clearance and a positive outcome, or progression and severity of chronic disease. Extensive research in the past >25 years into understanding the immune responses against HCV have still resulte...
journal_title:Cells
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/cells8050507
更新日期:2019-05-26 00:00:00
abstract::Metastasis is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are a critical step in the metastatic cascade and a good tool to study this process. We isolated CTCs from a syngeneic mouse model of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and a human xenograft mouse model of castration-resistant prosta...
journal_title:Cells
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/cells8060618
更新日期:2019-06-20 00:00:00
abstract::Peripherin 2 (Prph2) is a photoreceptor-specific tetraspanin protein present in the outer segment (OS) rims of rod and cone photoreceptors. It shares many common features with other tetraspanins, including a large intradiscal loop which contains several cysteines. This loop enables Prph2 to associate with itself to fo...
journal_title:Cells
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/cells9030784
更新日期:2020-03-24 00:00:00
abstract::Pancreatic beta-cell apoptosis is an important feature of islets in type 2 diabetes. Apoptosis can occur through two major pathways, the extrinsic or death receptor mediated pathway, and the intrinsic or Bcl-2-regulated pathway. Hyperglycaemia, hyperlipidaemia and islet amyloid poly-peptide (IAPP) represent important ...
journal_title:Cells
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/cells2020266
更新日期:2013-04-26 00:00:00
abstract::Sustained endoplasmic reticular stress (ERS) is implicated in aggressive metastasis of cancer cells and increased tumor cell proliferation. Cancer cells activate the unfolded protein response (UPR), which aids in cellular survival and adaptation to harsh conditions. Inhibition of apoptosis, in contrast, is a mechanism...
journal_title:Cells
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/cells7100171
更新日期:2018-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::In 2011, I was invited to serve as the Editor-In-Chief for Cells, which back then was a "new kid on the block" among open access (OA) journals.[...]. ...
journal_title:Cells
pub_type: 社论
doi:10.3390/cells6040041
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Network-based systems biology has become an important method for analyzing high-throughput gene expression data and gene function mining. Escherichia coli (E. coli) has long been a popular model organism for basic biological research. In this paper, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) algorithm was ap...
journal_title:Cells
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/cells7030019
更新日期:2018-03-08 00:00:00
abstract::Parkinson's Disease (PD) is typically classified as a neurodegenerative disease affecting the motor system. Recent evidence, however, has uncovered the presence of Lewy bodies in locations outside the CNS, in direct contact with the external environment, including the olfactory bulbs and the enteric nervous system. Th...
journal_title:Cells
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/cells8030222
更新日期:2019-03-07 00:00:00
abstract::RhoBTB proteins constitute a subfamily of atypical Rho GTPases represented in mammals by RhoBTB1, RhoBTB2, and RhoBTB3. Their characteristic feature is a carboxyl terminal extension that harbors two BTB domains capable of assembling cullin 3-dependent ubiquitin ligase complexes. The expression of all three RHOBTB gene...
journal_title:Cells
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/cells5020028
更新日期:2016-06-14 00:00:00
abstract::Small GTPases regulate cytoskeletal dynamics, cell motility, and division under precise spatiotemporal control. Different small GTPases exhibit cross talks to exert feedback response or to act in concert during signal transduction. However, whether and how specific cytoskeletal components' feedback to upstream signali...
journal_title:Cells
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/cells8101264
更新日期:2019-10-16 00:00:00
abstract::Filamins are large dimeric F-actin cross-linking proteins, crucial for the mechanosensitive properties of a number of cell types. Due to their interaction with a variety of different proteins, they exert important regulatory functions. However, in the human testis the role of filamins has been insufficiently explored....
journal_title:Cells
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/cells9122563
更新日期:2020-11-30 00:00:00
abstract::Telomeres with G-rich repetitive DNA and particular proteins as special heterochromatin structures at the termini of eukaryotic chromosomes are tightly maintained to safeguard genetic integrity and functionality. Telomerase as a specialized reverse transcriptase uses its intrinsic RNA template to lengthen telomeric G-...
journal_title:Cells
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/cells8010054
更新日期:2019-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::In order to provide better therapy we strive to increase our knowledge of how the immune system behaves and communicates in common pediatric immunological diseases, such as type 1 diabetes, allergic and celiac diseases. However, when dealing with pediatric diseases, where study subjects are almost exclusively children...
journal_title:Cells
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/cells1020141
更新日期:2012-05-29 00:00:00