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Sexual dimorphism, weight gain and glucose intolerance in a B- and T-cell deficient mouse model.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:Estrogen is thought to aid maintenance of insulin sensitivity potentially through modulation of a counter-regulatory mechanism that interferes with the contribution of adaptive and innate immune systems to visceral fat deposition. We evaluated the impact of estrogen on long-term high fat diet (HFD) intake in B- and T-cell deficient and immunocompetent animals comparatively. METHODS:A total of 16 BALB and 16 SCID mice, 8 of each sex and strain, were randomized to receive low fat diet, 4.1% fat or HFD, 35% fat, such that there was a group of both each sex and each strain receiving each diet. Biweekly levels of adiponectin, leptin and insulin levels were assessed and a glucose tolerance test (GTT) was performed after 13 weeks. RESULTS:Unlike their male counterparts, HFD-fed SCID females neither gained weight, nor became insulin resistant. Meanwhile, in the HFD-fed BALB groups both males and females gained weight similarly, but remarkable sexual dimorphism was nonetheless observed. The females had notable higher adiponectin levels as compared to males (10-60 μg/mL vs. 6-10 μg/mL respectively) causing the adiponectin-to-leptin (A/L) ratio to reach 80 one week after HFD initiation. The A/L dropped to 10, still higher than males, by week 13, but dropped to 2 by the end of the study in agreement with inverse insulin trends. None of the HFD-fed female groups developed insulin resistance (IR) by week 13, while all male counterparts had. Similar results were observed in the HFD-fed SCID groups whereby the females did not develop IR and had a higher A/L; however, adiponectin levels were comparable between groups (5-11 μg/mL). CONCLUSIONS:The present study provides lacking evidence indicating that estrogen may be sufficient to prevent weight gain and development of glucose intolerance in high-fat fed B- and T-cell deficient mice.

journal_name

Cytokine

journal_title

Cytokine

authors

Wintrob ZA,Oppong EK,Foster M,Martorana M,Tse YC,Zhong L,Welt JM,Boateng HR,Drumea IM,Irlam J,Levea CM,Faitar SL,Ceacareanu AC

doi

10.1016/j.cyto.2014.02.011

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2014-06-01 00:00:00

pages

102-6

issue

eissn

1043-4666

issn

1096-0023

pii

S1043-4666(14)00055-6

journal_volume

pub_type

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Sexual dimorphism, weight gain and glucose intolerance in a B- and T-cell deficient mouse model.