Abstract：
:Although contexts play many roles during training and also during testing, over the last four decades theories of learning have predominantly focused on one or the other of the two families of functions served by contexts. In this selective review, we summarize recent data concerning these two functions and their interrelationship. The first function is similar to that of discrete cues, and allows contexts to elicit conditioned responses and compete with discrete events for behavioral control. The second function is modulatory, and similar to that of discrete occasion setters in that in this role contexts do not elicit conditioned responses by themselves, but rather modulate instrumental responding or responding to Pavlovian cues. We first present evidence for these two functions, and then suggest that the spacing of trials, amount of training, and contiguity are three determinants of the degree to which the context will play each function. We also conclude that these two functions are not mutually exclusive, and that future research would benefit from identifying the conditions under which their functions dominate behavioral control. We close by discussing some misconceptions concerning contexts. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: SQAB 2013: Contextual Con.
journal_name
Behav Processesjournal_title
Behavioural processesauthors
Urcelay GP,Miller RRdoi
10.1016/j.beproc.2014.02.008subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-05-01 00:00:00pages
2-12eissn
0376-6357issn
1872-8308pii
S0376-6357(14)00044-8journal_volume
104pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:The present research assessed adduction involving derived stimulus relations as a function of environmental complexity. In Group CA, four college students were trained with arbitrary-matching-to-sample discriminations that could have established four, 3-member stimulus classes. In Group EA, four other students were tr...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
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journal_title：Behavioural processes
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journal_title：Behavioural processes
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journal_title：Behavioural processes
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journal_title：Behavioural processes
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
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