Cohort Profile: Longitudinal Study of Adult Health (ELSA-Brasil).

abstract：:This paper describes a means of analysing the effects that the benefit of early treatment, lead time and length-biased sampling (and other forms of prognostic selection bias) have on the mortality rate of cases detected in screening programmes. Both benefit and lead time reduce the mortality rate of screen-detected ca...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Morrison AS

更新日期：1982-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:If several risk factors for disease are considered in a regression model and these factors are affected by measurement errors, the observed relative risk will be attenuated. In nutritional epidemiology, several nutrient variables show strong correlation, described as collinearity. The observed relative risk ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Elmståhl S,Gullberg B

更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:We assessed the differential and sequential effects of a Government of India conditional cash transfer scheme for the socio-economically disadvantaged (Janani Suraksha Yojana; JSY) and the strengthening of the primary health centre (PHC) network to provide 24/7 obstetric care in promoting institutional deliv...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Amudhan S,Mani K,Rai SK,Pandav CS,Krishnan A

更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The published data for overall cancer incidence for the registries of Birmingham (UK) and Connecticut (US) show remarkable similarity for men but diverge for women. The incidence of cancer of the endometrium, ovary and breast in Connecticut is higher than in Birmingham, and in each case the menopausal dislocation in t...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Anthony HM

更新日期：1976-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:There is evidence that occupational factors that cause psychological strain can affect physical and mental health, but findings are not consistent. METHODS:Work satisfaction was used as a convenient global index of job-related psychological strain. Relationships with general, physical and emotional health, ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Abramson JH,Gofin J,Habib J,Noam G,Kark JD

更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Birthweight distributions among second-born infants depend on the birthweights of older siblings, with implications for weight-specific perinatal mortality. We wanted to study whether these relations were explained by socioeconomic levels, and to study time trends in a situation with decreasing perinatal mor...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Melve KK,Skjaerven R

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To examine educational gradients in overall and cause-specific mortality among elderly married men and women and their spouses. METHODS:Using the census-based Israel Longitudinal Mortality Study (1983-92), 13 573 married men and 6563 married women were identified who were aged 70-89 years at baseline. Cox p...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Jaffe DH,Eisenbach Z,Neumark YD,Manor O

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Using data from seven malformation monitoring systems around the world, the feasibility of monitoring fresh dominant mutations using skeletal dysplasias was explored. Based on a total of over 9.5 million births, 1500 infants with skeletal dysplasias were identified (16 per 100,000). In spite of efforts to get exact di...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Källén B,Knudsen LB,Mutchinick O,Mastroiacovo P,Lancaster P,Castilla E,Robert E

更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:To assess the predictive value of biological and clinical events for progression to AIDS (1993 European classification) when the CD4+ cell count falls below 200/microL (CD4 threshold) in different exposure groups. To investigate whether such markers remain predictive independently of the serum HIV-1 RNA leve...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Carré N,Boufassa F,Hubert JB,Chavance M,Rouzioux C,Goujard C,Laurian Y,Meyer L

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The genetic basis of several familial cancers including breast and colon cancers has been identified recently. The occurrence of multiple cancers in one individual is also suggestive of a genetic predisposition. To evaluate inherited predisposition in pancreatic cancer we compared the clinical data of pancre...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Gerdes B,Ziegler A,Ramaswamy A,Wild A,Langer P,Bartsch DK

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A total of 5211 schoolchildren aged 10-15 years participated in an Australia-wide sample survey conducted in 1985 and completed dietary and demographic assessment, and the measurement of body mass index: 1017 children aged 12 and 15 years gave blood for serum lipid analysis. Group mean differences in serum lipids and ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Gliksman MD,Lazarus R,Wilson A

更新日期：1993-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The significance of persistent or recurrent respiratory infections in adult life for the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is still to a large extent unknown. A few clinical and experimental animal studies suggest that peripheral airways diseases may be due to the cumulative effects...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： von Hertzen L,Isoaho R,Leinonen M,Koskinen R,Laippala P,Töyrylä M,Kivelä SL,Saikku P

更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The relationship between income and health is usually thought to be curvilinear, but previous studies have yielded inconsistent results. We therefore examined the shape of the relationship between household equivalent income and self-assessed health in seven European countries. METHODS:Data were obtained fr...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Mackenbach JP,Martikainen P,Looman CW,Dalstra JA,Kunst AE,Lahelma E,SEdHA working group.

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Trachoma was considered to have been 'eradicated' from the state of São Paulo, Brazil, until 1982 when a number of new cases of trachoma were reported in preschool children in Bebedouro, a small town in northwestern São Paulo. A household survey was undertaken to assess the prevalence and epidemiological characteristi...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Luna EJ,Medina NH,Oliveira MB,de Barros OM,Vranjac A,Melles HH,West S,Taylor HR

更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A proportional mortality study was conducted to determine if state of birth is a risk factor associated with motor neurone disease (MND) and Parkinson's disease (PD) using US death certificate information for 1981. State of birth was used as a surrogate variable for location of early childhood environment. A gradient ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Betemps EJ,Buncher CR

更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Burgeoning global mental health endeavors have renewed debates about cultural applicability of psychiatric categories. This study's goal is to review strengths and limitations of literature comparing psychiatric categories with cultural concepts of distress (CCD) such as cultural syndromes, culture-bound syn...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Kohrt BA,Rasmussen A,Kaiser BN,Haroz EE,Maharjan SM,Mutamba BB,de Jong JT,Hinton DE

更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Data from the Stockholm Health of the Population Study in 1984 (n = 6217) show small differences in mean alcohol consumption and in the prevalence of high consumers in various socioeconomic and educational categories of both sexes. Among young people mean consumption was higher in those who had low formal education, e...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Romelsjö A

更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:It is unclear when in the life course do social inequalities in inflammation emerge. We examined whether the association between socioeconomic position (SEP) and C-reactive protein (CRP) is determined at conception, in childhood, adolescence or adulthood in 1484 participants from the population-based Cardiov...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Gimeno D,Ferrie JE,Elovainio M,Pulkki-Raback L,Keltikangas-Jarvinen L,Eklund C,Hurme M,Lehtimäki T,Marniemi J,Viikari JS,Raitakari OT,Kivimäki M

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Increasing evidence links chronic infections, especially burden of several infections, with increased risk for cardiovascular diseases (CVD). We studied joint immune response against two major periodontal pathogens and herpes simplex virus (HSV) in relation to established risk factors of CVD. METHODS:Serum ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Vilkuna-Rautiainen T,Pussinen PJ,Roivainen M,Petäys T,Jousilahti P,Hovi T,Vartiainen E,Asikainen S

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In recent years, the residential exposure to radon daughters has become a cause for concern as a contributing factor for lung cancer. In order to evaluate the population's risk consequences of different interpretations of the results of epidemiological studies in cohorts of uranium miners, a simulation model has been ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Stolwijk JA,Canny PF

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of rotavirus in non-bacterial gastroenteritis in Kuwait was investigated. Employing electronmicroscopy (EM) and enzyme-linked-immuno-sorbent-assay (ELISA) techniques, the virus was detected in the stools of 42 of 274 (15.3%) infants with the disease. A statistically significant association (P less than 0.05) ...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Al-Nakib W,Chrystie IL,Banatvala JE,Al-Sayegh F

更新日期：1980-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The clustering of xerophthalmia in villages and in households was assessed among preschool children surveyed in the Lower Shire Valley, Malawi, and in Aceh province, Indonesia. Trachoma clustering was similarly assessed among the same children in Malawi. Trachoma clustered much more than xerophthalmia among villages a...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Katz J,Zeger SL,Tielsch JM

更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cholesterol levels in many Asian countries are rising. Predictions of the likely effects of this on the incidence of cardiovascular diseases have mostly relied on data from Western populations. Whether the associations between total cholesterol and cardiovascular diseases are similar in Asia is not establish...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Zhang X,Patel A,Horibe H,Wu Z,Barzi F,Rodgers A,MacMahon S,Woodward M,Asia Pacific Cohort Studies Collaboration.

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In recent years a strong case has been made in support of a viral aetiology for at least some primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC) in areas of low incidence. By pooling routinely collected cancer registration and infection data, study of the relationship between hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection and the incidence of...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Lamont DW,Buchan KA,Gillis CR,Reid D

更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Contact sports have high rates of injury. Protective equipment regulations are widely used as an intervention to reduce injury risk. The purpose of this study was to investigate the injury prevention effect of regulations governing protective equipment in two full-body contact sports. METHODS:Injury rates i...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Marshall SW,Waller AE,Dick RW,Pugh CB,Loomis DP,Chalmers DJ

更新日期：2002-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The objective of this study is to measure the association between protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) in children and their mothers' mental health, in a low income area in the city of Embú, São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS:A case-control study was performed. Cases were 60 moderately and severely malnourished childr...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： de Miranda CT,Turecki G,Mari Jde J,Andreoli SB,Marcolim MA,Goihman S,Puccini R,Strom BL,Berlin JA

更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Evidence suggests that in utero exposure to undernutrition and overnutrition might affect adiposity in later life. Epigenetic modification is suggested as a plausible mediating mechanism. METHODS:We used multivariable linear regression and a negative control design to examine offspring epigenome-wide DNA me...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Sharp GC,Lawlor DA,Richmond RC,Fraser A,Simpkin A,Suderman M,Shihab HA,Lyttleton O,McArdle W,Ring SM,Gaunt TR,Davey Smith G,Relton CL

更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：OBJECTIVES:To examine whether educational attainment and intelligence have causal effects on risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD), independently of each other. DESIGN:Two-sample univariable and multivariable Mendelian randomization (MR) to estimate the causal effects of education on intelligence and vice versa, and the to...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Anderson EL,Howe LD,Wade KH,Ben-Shlomo Y,Hill WD,Deary IJ,Sanderson EC,Zheng J,Korologou-Linden R,Stergiakouli E,Davey Smith G,Davies NM,Hemani G

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:To examine whether induced abortion increases the risk of low birthweight in subsequent singleton live births. METHODS:Cohort study using the Danish Medical Birth Registry (MBR), the Hospital Discharge Registry (HDR), and the Induced Abortion Registry (IAR). All women who had their first pregnancy during 19...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Zhou W,Sørensen HT,Olsen J

更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Previous evidence from the Alameda County Study indicated that residential area has an independent effect on risk for mortality, adjusting for a variety of important individual characteristics. The current research examined the effect of poverty area residence on risk for developing depressive symptoms and d...

journal_title：International journal of epidemiology

authors： Yen IH,Kaplan GA

更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00