Neuronal nonlinearity explains greater visual spatial resolution for darks than lights.

abstract：:Understanding the molecular determinants of specificity in protein-protein interaction is an outstanding challenge of postgenome biology. The availability of large protein databases generated from sequences of hundreds of bacterial genomes enables various statistical approaches to this problem. In this context covaria...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Weigt M,White RA,Szurmant H,Hoch JA,Hwa T

更新日期：2009-01-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Overexpression of the p53 protein, resulting from gene mutations that increase protein stability, has been detected in greater than 25% of primary human breast cancers. In addition, approximately 10% of breast cancer patients have circulating antibodies to the p53 protein. In this study, the anti-p53 humoral response ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Davidoff AM,Iglehart JD,Marks JR

更新日期：1992-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The restriction endonuclease, HindIII, gives rise to three fragments in each of the three mitochondrial DNAs isolated from the established mammalian cell lines LA9 (mouse), HeLa (human), and BSC-1 (African green monkey). The restriction endonuclease, EcoRI, gives rise to three fragments in mitochondrial DNA from HeLa ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brown WM,Vinograd J

更新日期：1974-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Blood cells transplantation is largely replacing bone marrow transplantation because engraftment is more rapid. This accelerated engraftment is thought to be mediated by relatively mature committed hematopoietic progenitor cells. Herein, we have used a modified rhodamine (Rho) staining procedure to identify and purify...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zijlmans JM,Visser JW,Laterveer L,Kleiverda K,Heemskerk DP,Kluin PM,Willemze R,Fibbe WE

更新日期：1998-01-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi can colonize the gallbladder and persist in an asymptomatic carrier state that is frequently associated with the presence of gallstones. We have shown that salmonellae form bile-mediated biofilms on human gallstones and cholesterol-coated surfaces in vitro. Here, we test the hypothesi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Crawford RW,Rosales-Reyes R,Ramírez-Aguilar Mde L,Chapa-Azuela O,Alpuche-Aranda C,Gunn JS

更新日期：2010-03-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Guinea pigs were immunized with liposomal model membranes containing phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) or glycerophosphorylethanolamine (GPE) derivatives in which the amino function was substituted with either dinitrophenylaminocaproyl (Dnp-Cap) or mono(p-azobenzenearsonic acid)tyrosyl (ABA-Tyr) residues. Previous studies...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kochibe N,Nicolotti RA,Davie JM,Kinsky SC

更新日期：1975-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The investigation of community structures in networks is an important issue in many domains and disciplines. This problem is relevant for social tasks (objective analysis of relationships on the web), biological inquiries (functional studies in metabolic and protein networks), or technological problems (optimization o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Radicchi F,Castellano C,Cecconi F,Loreto V,Parisi D

更新日期：2004-03-02 00:00:00

abstract：:In virtually every real-life situation humans are confronted with complex and cluttered visual environments that contain a multitude of objects. Because of the limited capacity of the visual system, objects compete for neural representation and cognitive processing resources. Previous work has shown that such attentio...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kaiser D,Stein T,Peelen MV

更新日期：2014-07-29 00:00:00

abstract：:Unconventional mRNA splicing on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane is the sole conserved mechanism in eukaryotes to transmit information regarding misfolded protein accumulation to the nucleus to activate the stress response. In metazoans, the unspliced form of X-box-binding protein 1 (XBP1u) mRNA is recruited to...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kanda S,Yanagitani K,Yokota Y,Esaki Y,Kohno K

更新日期：2016-10-04 00:00:00

abstract：:In this article, a mechanism of arsenite [As(III)]resistance through methylation and subsequent volatization is described. Heterologous expression of arsM from Rhodopseudomonas palustris was shown to confer As(III) resistance to an arsenic-sensitive strain of Escherichia coli. ArsM catalyzes the formation of a number ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Qin J,Rosen BP,Zhang Y,Wang G,Franke S,Rensing C

更新日期：2006-02-14 00:00:00

abstract：:A highly purified fraction obtained from scrapie (263-K strain)-infected hamsters' brains by an alternative procedure without proteinase K treatment contained a protease-resistant form of the scrapie precursor protein (PrPSc) and infectivity of 9.9 +/- 0.7 log LD50/ml. Polyclonal antibodies produced against hamster sc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Safar J,Wang W,Padgett MP,Ceroni M,Piccardo P,Zopf D,Gajdusek DC,Gibbs CJ Jr

更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In response to hypoxia the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) mediates transcriptional activation of a network of genes encoding erythropoietin, vascular endothelial growth factor, and several glycolytic enzymes. HIF-1 consists of a heterodimer of two basic helix-loop-helix PAS (Per/Arnt/Sim) proteins, HIF-1alpha and ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kallio PJ,Pongratz I,Gradin K,McGuire J,Poellinger L

更新日期：1997-05-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Because synaptic vesicle exocytosis is a nano-mechanical process, it should be influenced by the mechanical properties of the cell membrane to which the vesicle fuses. By dissolving surfactants at various concentrations in the neuronal membrane, we have perturbed mechanical properties of the membrane and have found th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhu Y,Stevens CF

更新日期：2008-11-18 00:00:00

abstract：:In an earlier paper, the author jointly with S. Suryawanshi proposed statistical analysis of shape through triangulation of landmarks on objects. It was observed that the angles of the triangles are invariant to scaling, location, and rotation of objects. No distinction was made between an object and its reflection. T...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rao CR

更新日期：2000-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：:We have compared chicken erythrocyte linker histones H1 and H5 binding to a synthetic four-way DNA junction. Each histone binds to form a single complex, with an affinity which permits competition against a large excess of linear duplex DNA. The affinity of H5 is higher than that of H1. The globular domain from either...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Varga-Weisz P,Zlatanova J,Leuba SH,Schroth GP,van Holde K

更新日期：1994-04-26 00:00:00

abstract：:To initiate class switch recombination (CSR) activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID) induces staggered nick cleavage in the S region, which lies 5' to each Ig constant region gene and is rich in palindromic sequences. Topoisomerase 1 (Top1) controls the supercoiling of DNA by nicking, rotating, and religating one ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kobayashi M,Aida M,Nagaoka H,Begum NA,Kitawaki Y,Nakata M,Stanlie A,Doi T,Kato L,Okazaki IM,Shinkura R,Muramatsu M,Kinoshita K,Honjo T

更新日期：2009-12-29 00:00:00

abstract：:We describe the preparation and structural analysis of ordered tubular arrays of the actin-DNase I complex. These structures consist of helically stacked rings; each ring is 73 A thick, has a 240 A outer and a 120 A inner diameter, and has 7-fold rotational symmetry. The actin-DNase I complex forms tubes under conditi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fowler WE,Buhle EL,Aebi U

更新日期：1984-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The chemotherapeutic drug Taxol is known to interact within a specific site on beta-tubulin. Although the general location of the site has been defined by photoaffinity labeling and electron crystallography, the original data were insufficient to make an absolute determination of the bound conformation. We have now co...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Snyder JP,Nettles JH,Cornett B,Downing KH,Nogales E

更新日期：2001-04-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Hearing is one of the last sensory modalities to be subjected to genetic analysis in Drosophila melanogaster. We describe a behavioral assay for auditory function involving courtship among groups of males triggered by the pulse component of the courtship song. In a mutagenesis screen for mutations that disrupt the aud...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Eberl DF,Duyk GM,Perrimon N

更新日期：1997-12-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Proteins that recognize the core sequence GATA are important regulators of hematopoietic-specific gene transcription. We have characterized cDNAs encoding the Xenopus laevis homologues of three related transcription factors, designated GATA-1, -2, and -3. Comparative sequence analysis reveals strong conservation of th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zon LI,Mather C,Burgess S,Bolce ME,Harland RM,Orkin SH

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The inward Na+ current underlying the action potential in nerve is terminated by inactivation. The preceding report shows that deletions within the intracellular linker between domains III and IV remove inactivation, but mutation of conserved basic and paired acidic amino acids has little effect. Here we show that sub...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： West JW,Patton DE,Scheuer T,Wang Y,Goldin AL,Catterall WA

更新日期：1992-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Macrophages use phagocytosis to control the spread of pathogens in the body, to clear apoptotic cells, and to aid in tissue remodeling. The phagosomal membrane is traditionally thought to originate from the plasmalemma and then go through a series of maturation steps involving sequential fusion with endosomal compartm...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rogers LD,Foster LJ

更新日期：2007-11-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Membrane receptors regulate numerous intracellular functions. However, the molecular underpinnings remain poorly understood because most receptors initiate multiple signaling pathways through distinct interaction interfaces that are structurally uncharacterized. We present an integrated computational and experimental ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Young M,Dahoun T,Sokrat B,Arber C,Chen KM,Bouvier M,Barth P

更新日期：2018-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:RNA polymerase II lacking a C-terminal domain (CTD) was active in transcription with purified proteins from yeast but failed to support transcription in a yeast extract. CTD dependence could be reconstituted in the purified system by addition of two fractions from the extract. An inhibitory fraction abolished transcri...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li Y,Kornberg RD

更新日期：1994-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Radiation leukemia virus, isolated from radiation-induced lymphomas in C57BL/Ka mice and propagated in that strain, is thymotropic and leukemogenic in vivo but replicates poorly, if at all, in mouse and mink fibroblast cultures in vitro. Comparative studies indicate that this naturally occurring virus is distinct from...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Declève A,Lieberman M,Ihle JN,Kaplan HS

更新日期：1976-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Climate change and resource exploitation have been shown to modify the importance of bottom-up and top-down forces in ecosystems. However, the resulting pattern of trophic control in complex food webs is an emergent property of the system and thus unintuitive. We develop a statistical nondeterministic model, capable o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lynam CP,Llope M,Möllmann C,Helaouët P,Bayliss-Brown GA,Stenseth NC

更新日期：2017-02-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Calcific aortic valve disease is a chronic inflammatory process, and aortic valve interstitial cells (AVICs) from diseased aortic valves express greater levels of osteogenic factors in response to proinflammatory stimulation. Here, we report that lower cellular levels of IL-37 in AVICs of diseased human aortic valves ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zeng Q,Song R,Fullerton DA,Ao L,Zhai Y,Li S,Ballak DB,Cleveland JC Jr,Reece TB,McKinsey TA,Xu D,Dinarello CA,Meng X

更新日期：2017-02-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing, catalyzed by ADAR enzymes, is a ubiquitous mechanism that generates transcriptomic diversity. This process is particularly important for proper neuronal function; however, little is known about how RNA editing is dynamically regulated between the many functionally distinct ne...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sapiro AL,Shmueli A,Henry GL,Li Q,Shalit T,Yaron O,Paas Y,Billy Li J,Shohat-Ophir G

更新日期：2019-02-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The influential role of Wnt5a in tumor progression underscores the requirement for developing molecules that can target Wnt5a-mediated cellular responses. In the aggressive skin cancer, melanoma, elevated Wnt5a expression promotes cell motility and drives metastasis. Two approaches can be used to counteract these effe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jenei V,Sherwood V,Howlin J,Linnskog R,Säfholm A,Axelsson L,Andersson T

更新日期：2009-11-17 00:00:00

abstract：:In the present study the complete amino acid sequence of human plasma Zn-alpha 2-glycoprotein was determined. This protein whose biological function is unknown consists of a single polypeptide chain of 276 amino acid residues including 8 tryptophan residues and has a pyroglutamyl residue at the amino terminus. The loc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Araki T,Gejyo F,Takagaki K,Haupt H,Schwick HG,Bürgi W,Marti T,Schaller J,Rickli E,Brossmer R

更新日期：1988-02-01 00:00:00