Abstract:
:Aging process or senescence affects the expression of a wide range of phenotypic traits throughout the life span of organisms. These traits often show modular, synergistic, and even antagonistic relationships, and are also influenced by genomic, developmental, physiological and environmental factors. The cardiovascular system (CVS) in humans represents a major modular system in which the relationships among physiological, anatomical and morphological traits undergo continuous remodeling throughout the life span of an individual. Here we extend the concept of developmental plasticity in order to study the relationships among 14 traits measured on 3,412 individuals from the Framingham Heart Study cohort, relative to age and gender, using exploratory structural equation modeling-a form of systems analysis. Our results reveal differing patterns of association among cardiac traits in younger and older persons in both sexes, indicating that physiological and developmental factors may be channeled differentially in relation to age and gender during the remodeling process. We suggest that systems approaches are necessary in order to understand the coordinated functional relationships among traits of the CVS over the life course of individuals.
journal_name
Biogerontologyjournal_title
Biogerontologyauthors
Govindaraju DR,Pencina KM,Raj DS,Massaro JM,Carnes BA,D'Agostino RBdoi
10.1007/s10522-013-9486-8subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-04-01 00:00:00pages
139-52issue
2eissn
1389-5729issn
1573-6768journal_volume
15pub_type
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