Abstract:
BACKGROUND & AIMS:There have been few studies of the role of de novo lipogenesis in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We used isotope analyses to compare de novo lipogenesis and fatty acid flux between subjects with NAFLD and those without, matched for metabolic factors (controls). METHODS:We studied subjects with metabolic syndrome and/or levels of alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase >30 mU/L, using magnetic resonance spectroscopy to identify those with high levels (HighLF, n = 13) or low levels (LowLF, n = 11) of liver fat. Clinical and demographic information was collected from all participants, and insulin sensitivity was measured using the insulin-modified intravenous glucose tolerance test. Stable isotopes were administered and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry was used to analyze free (nonesterified) fatty acid (FFA) and triacylglycerol flux and lipogenesis. RESULTS:Subjects with HighLF (18.4% ± 3.6%) had higher plasma levels of FFAs during the nighttime and higher concentrations of insulin than subjects with LowLF (3.1% ± 2.7%; P = .04 and P < .001, respectively). No differences were observed between groups in adipose flux of FFAs (414 ± 195 μmol/min for HighLF vs 358 ± 105 μmol/min for LowLF; P = .41) or production of very-low-density lipoprotein triacylglycerol from FFAs (4.06 ± 2.57 μmol/min vs 4.34 ± 1.82 μmol/min; P = .77). In contrast, subjects with HighLF had more than 3-fold higher rates of de novo fatty acid synthesis than subjects with LowLF (2.57 ± 1.53 μmol/min vs 0.78 ± 0.42 μmol/min; P = .001). As a percentage of triacylglycerol palmitate, de novo lipogenesis was 2-fold higher in subjects with HighLF (23.2% ± 7.9% vs 10.1% ± 6.7%; P < .001); this level was independently associated with the level of intrahepatic triacylglycerol (r = 0.53; P = .007). CONCLUSIONS:By administering isotopes to subjects with NAFLD and control subjects, we confirmed that those with NAFLD have increased synthesis of fatty acids. Subjects with NAFLD also had higher nocturnal plasma levels of FFAs and did not suppress the contribution from de novo lipogenesis on fasting. These findings indicate that lipogenesis might be a therapeutic target for NAFLD.
journal_name
Gastroenterologyjournal_title
Gastroenterologyauthors
Lambert JE,Ramos-Roman MA,Browning JD,Parks EJdoi
10.1053/j.gastro.2013.11.049subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-03-01 00:00:00pages
726-35issue
3eissn
0016-5085issn
1528-0012pii
S0016-5085(13)01730-7journal_volume
146pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
GASTROENTEROLOGY文献大全abstract::The histological and immunohistochemical characteristics of the liver in 44 children (28 boys, 16 girls) with extrahepatic biliary atresia at different stages of the clinical course were studied. Thirty-four wedge liver biopsy specimens taken during Kasai operations (25 specimens) and relaparotomy (9 specimens) and 20...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0016-5085(92)90342-v
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Simeprevir (TMC435) is an oral NS3/4 protease inhibitor in phase III trials for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. We performed a phase IIb, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the combination of simeprevir, peginterferon-α2a (PegIFN), and ...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2013.10.058
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The composition of the extracellular matrix (ECM) as well as insulinlike growth factor I (IGF-I) receptor density vary along the crypt-villus axis. We determined whether components of the ECM influence IGF-I receptor expression in IEC-18 rat small intestine crypt cells. METHODS:IEC-18 cells were cultured on...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0016-5085(93)90649-w
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:The enteric nervous system (ENS) regulates gastrointestinal function via different subtypes of neurons, organized into fine-tuned neural circuits. It is not clear how cell diversity is created within the embryonic ENS; information required for development of cell-based therapies and models of enteric ...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2017.10.005
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Extracellular space and blood volume were measured using 82Br dilution and 51Cr-tagged erythrocytes in 24 tumor-free patients after total gastrectomy. Eleven of the patients suffered from early dumping. Age, blood volume, and extracellular space were significantly smaller in dumpers (P less than 0.05). The dumping sco...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0016-5085(90)90608-4
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Gastric emptying plays an important role in regulating food intake. This study was designed to investigate whether intraperitoneally injected urocortin reduces gastric emptying, feeding, and body weight in lean and ob/ob obese mice. METHODS:Food intake and body weight were measured after intraperiton...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0016-5085(99)70491-9
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Helicobacter pylori attaches to mucin oligosaccharides that are expressed on host gastric epithelium. We used the rhesus macaque model to characterize the effect of H. pylori infection on gastric mucin oligosaccharides during acute and chronic infection. METHODS:Specific pathogen (H. pylori)-free rhe...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2009.04.014
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A number of minimally invasive methods have been tested for the thermal ablation of liver tumors as an alternative to surgical resection. The use of focused ultrasound transducers to ablate deep tumors offers the first completely noninvasive alternative to these techniques. By increasing the flexibility of this techno...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2004.09.056
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The bioavailability of parenteral cimetidine was tested in 12 volunteers in a balanced three-way crossover study. Blood levels and urinary excretion were compared after intramuscular and intravenous injection and oral administration of 300 mg of cinetidine. The results indicated that the intramuscular and intravenous ...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1978-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Hepatic lipid retention (steatosis) predisposes hepatitis. We investigated the mechanisms of lymphocyte homing to fatty liver and the role of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the onset of inflammation in ob/ob mice. METHODS:We decreased intestinal bacterial compounds by oral antibiotic treatment to test t...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2008.02.055
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Effects of opiates on intestinal motor activity and transport of water and electrolytes have been studied separately in previous investigations. The aim of these experiments was to evaluate simultaneously the effects of a synthetic opiate, loperamide, on motor activity and transport in the human intestine. Jejunal, il...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0016-5085(86)90079-x
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe the clinical and laboratory features of a case of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae in a sexually active woman with Laennec's cirrhosis, ascites, and asymptomatic cervical gonorrhea. Treatment of the infection with high-dose parenteral penicillin was associated with resoluti...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0016-5085(85)90155-6
更新日期:1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Induction of heat-shock protein 72 is associated with enhanced tolerance to subsequent nonthermal stresses. This study evaluated whether induction of heat-shock protein 72 protects against intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury. METHODS:Groups of nonheated and heated rats underwent sham operation, 30...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0016-5085(95)90339-9
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Interactions between genetic and environmental factors are believed to be involved in onset and initiation of inflammatory bowel disease. We analyzed the interaction between gastrointestinal mucosal microbiota and host genes in twin pairs discordant for ulcerative colitis (UC) to study the functional ...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2011.04.011
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Patients with irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D) have increased mucosal serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine [5-HT]) availability, possibly because immune activation reduces activity of the 5-HT transporter (SERT). We investigated the relationship between mucosal and platelet SERT and immune act...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2011.01.052
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Pancreatic cancers contain exclusively tumorigenic cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are highly resistant to chemotherapy, resulting in a relative increase in CSC numbers during gemcitabine treatment. Signaling through sonic hedgehog and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), respectively, may be essenti...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2009.05.053
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:According to the National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS), chronic liver disease and cirrhosis is the 12(th) leading cause of death in the United States. However, this single descriptor might not adequately enumerate all deaths from liver disease. The aim of our study was to update data on liver m...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2013.04.005
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Pancreatitis starts with primarily sterile local inflammation that induces systemic inflammatory response syndrome, followed by compensatory anti-inflammatory response syndrome (CARS). We investigated the mechanisms of these processes in mice and human serum. METHODS:We induced severe acute pancreati...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2019.09.040
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monocytopoietic proliferation activity was determined in 8 patients during severe attacks of Crohn's disease and in 6 patients with ulcerative colitis. Similar results were obtained in both groups of patients. A moderate but significant hyperproliferation of monocytopoiesis was found to be present in about half of the...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1978-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Alcoholic patients with and without chronic liver disease have a high incidence of infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV). Long-term ethanol consumption in mice has been associated with a strikingly reduced CD8(+) cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response to HCV nonstructural proteins following DNA-based ...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2006.11.016
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Japan, approximately 30,000 patients died of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in 2003. Ten percent had hepatitis B virus infection and 80% had hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, indicating that viral hepatitis accounted for >90% of cases of HCC. In comparison, only 3% (1.5%, hepatitis B virus; 1.5%, HCV) of the gener...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2004.09.030
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gallbladder stasis has been implicated in gallstone formation. Gallbladder filling and emptying were quantitated by computer-assisted cholescintigraphy in 41 normal subjects versus 26 patients with gallstones. Gallbladder contraction was induced by low-dose (1.2 U/kg . h) cholecystokinin infusion. Gallstone patients e...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0016-5085(85)90152-0
更新日期:1985-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The study of cholesterol gallstone disease would be facilitated if the nucleation time of cholesterol crystals could be measured in duodenal bile and was correlated with nucleation occurring in vivo. Therefore, our aims were to determine (a) if nucleation time could be measured in duodenal bile, (b) the effect of bact...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0016-5085(91)90480-9
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fetal bile salt metabolism was assessed by the intravenous infusion of e114C]cholate into 6 monkey fetuses. The placental transfer, fetal plasma clearance, and fetal hepatic excretion of the administered radiolabeled bile salt were measured. Placental transfer averaged 30% of the injected dose, while biliary excretion...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1975-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Endoscopic and Histologic remission are important goals in the treatment of ulcerative colitis (UC). We investigated the correlation of the recently developed Paddington International Virtual ChromoendoScopy ScOre( PICaSSO) and other established endoscopic scores against multiple histological indices ...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2020.12.024
更新日期:2020-12-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Increased intestinal macromolecular permeability could allow absorption of substances from the bowel into the systemic circulation and contribute to multiple organ system failure. METHODS:Mild, intermediate, and severe grades of pancreatitis were induced in rats using intravenous caerulein and intraductal g...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0016-5085(93)91027-f
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Clearance of hepatitis C virus (HCV) via antiviral treatment changes the course of liver disease. We evaluated the benefit of sustained virologic response (SVR) in patients with HCV and cirrhosis without (stage 1) and with (stage 2) esophageal varices (EV). METHODS:We performed a prospective cohort s...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2016.03.036
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Screening for colorectal cancer (CRC) with sigmoidoscopy reduces CRC incidence by detecting and removing adenomas. The number needed to screen is a measure of screening efficiency, but is not directly associated with adenoma removal. We propose the following 2 new metrics for quantifying the relations...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2018.06.040
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:Fully covered self-expanding metal stents (FCSEMS) are gaining acceptance for the treatment of benign biliary strictures. We performed a large prospective multinational study to study the ability to remove these stents after extended indwell and the frequency and durability of stricture resolution. M...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2014.04.043
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND & AIMS:The down-regulated in adenoma (DRA) protein, encoded by SLC26A3, a key intestinal chloride anion exchanger, has recently been identified as a novel susceptibility gene for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). However, the mechanisms underlying the increased susceptibility to inflammation induced by the l...
journal_title:Gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2020.11.008
更新日期:2020-11-13 00:00:00