Abstract:
:The identification of pheromones and chemicals that may inhibit or stimulate growth and reproduction necessarily leads to the consideration of biochemical methods to isolate and characterize these molecules. Analysis ofSchistosoma mansoni surface antigens by direct radioiodination, metabolic labeling with tritiated and(14)C-tagged hexose precursors, affinity chromatography, isoelectric focusing, hydrophobic chromatography, and competitive inhibition is presented to illustrate methods of immunochemical analysis and antigen purification. Technical problems that may arise when investigating parasite molecular biology are described. Evidence of diminished fecundity of female worms in acutely infected mice supports the theory of a "crowding effect" in murine schistosomiasis and suggests the possibility that worm secretions or metabolites may function as chemical messages to inhibit oviposition. There is also evidence that the immune response of mice to an isolated surface antigen from adult worms results in the attenuation of hepatic granulomata of challenge infections. Several hypotheses are proposed to elucidate the molecular basis for chemical communication between trematodes and analytical approaches to test these hypotheses are outlined.
journal_name
J Chem Ecoljournal_title
Journal of chemical ecologyauthors
Hayunga EG,Sumner MPdoi
10.1007/BF01022388subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1986-08-01 00:00:00pages
1843-62issue
8eissn
0098-0331issn
1573-1561journal_volume
12pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Interdigital secretions were collected from eight male white-tailed deer of various ages. Analysis of volatiles was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with a modified headspace technique. Forty-six volatile compounds were found including alkanes, arenes, aldehydes, ketones, aliphatic acids, esters, pyrr...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02272407
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The protein-precipitating capacities of tanniferous extracts from immature and mature leaves of threeShorea spp. (Dipterocarpaceae) seedlings were measured by an adaptation of Goldstein and Swain's β-glucosidase precipitation assay. Protein precipitation by the extracts was not correlated with total phenolics (Folin-D...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01403099
更新日期:1982-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Oxidative responses of plants to pathogens and other environmental stresses have received considerable recent attention. We propose that an oxidative response also occurs following attack by herbivores. Our data strongly indicate a shift in the oxidative status of soybean following herbivory by the insectHelicoverpa z...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02035149
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ilex opaca andIlex verticillata are woody species bearing lowquality, bird-dispersed fall fruits that persist for several months. Tests of secondary chemistry show that fruits of both species contain phenolics and saponins as major classes of secondary metabolites. Soluble carbohydrates are the major nutrients in both...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01402936
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of pheromones produced by larvae ofGlossina morsitans morsitans andG. m. centralis, respectively, which attract gravid females and result in aggregation of pupae, is confirmed. Behavioral experiments indicated that females preferred to larviposit over moist sand conditioned by previously allowing larvae t...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02266961
更新日期:1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dendroctonus ponderosae Hopkins andIps paraconfusus Lanier of both sexes produced most of their complement of terpene alcohols at normal to elevated levels in the absence of readily culturable microorganisms. However, there was some evidence that microbial involvement may be required by maleI. paraconfusus to produce ...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01012375
更新日期:1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The iridoid glycoside catalpol was found to be sequestered by larvae ofMeris alticola feeding onPenstemon virgatus and by larvae ofNeoterpes graefiaria which utilizeP. barbatus. The strikingly similar larval patterns of these two ennomine geometrids were previously considered to be disruptive, but predator-based Mulle...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01013895
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), and peroxidase (POD) are considered important biochemical markers in host plant resistance against pest insects. Constitutive activity of these enzymes was analyzed in resistant and susceptible wheat cultivars against cereal aphid Sitobion avenae (F.) at var...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10886-009-9589-5
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Termite colonies are almost always founded by a pair of winged dispersers, in spite of the high costs and low success rates inherent in independent colony foundation. The dispersal flights of imagoes from natal colonies are followed by mate search, mediated by sex-pairing pheromones. Here, we studied the chemistry of ...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10886-018-0965-x
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Egg deposition by the Large Cabbage White butterfly Pieris brassicae on Brussels sprouts plants induces indirect defense by changing the leaf surface, which arrests the egg parasitoid Trichogramma brassicae. Previous studies revealed that this indirect defense response is elicited by benzyl cyanide (BC), which is pres...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10886-012-0132-8
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability to detoxify defensive compounds of competitors provides key ecological advantages that can influence community-level processes. Although common in plants and bacteria, this type of detoxification interaction is extremely rare in animals. Here, using laboratory behavioral assays and analyses of videotaped i...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10886-015-0625-3
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chromatographic fractions of Himalayan cedarwood oil (Cedrus deodara) were bioassayed against the pulse beetle (Callosobruchus analis F.) and the housefly (Musca domestica L.). Almost all fractions showed insecticidal activity against both test species. Fractions I and V led to the highest mortality and also produced ...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01019342
更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Communication during tandem running inPachycondyla obscuricornis is chemically mediated by a pheromone produced in the pygidial gland, which is composed of a cluster of gland cells and an associated reservoir located beween the 6th and 7th tergites of the gaster. The secretion of the gland appears to be transferred to...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00988543
更新日期:1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Analysis by gas chromatography (GC) and GC-mass spectroscopy disclosed that droplets of anal fluid produced by second-instar western flower thrips,Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae), contain a two-component alarm pheromone, comprised of decyl acetate and dodecyl acetate, in a molar ratio o...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00985001
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two components were identified from aeration extracts of the virgin female Madeira mealybug, Phenacoccus madeirensis as trans-(1R,3R)-chrysanthemyl (R)-2-methylbutanoate and (R)-lavandulyl (R)-2-methylbutanoate (with a ratio of 3:1) by a combination of gas chromatography retention time matches, mass spectrometry, and ...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10886-009-9649-x
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The bioactivity of 22 essential oils from aromatic and medicinal plants was tested uponAcanthoscelides obtectus Say (Coleoptera, Bruchidae), a pest of kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). The insecticidal effect was evaluated by determination of 24- and 48-hr LC50 and LC50 (from 1.50 mg/ dm(3) to more than 1000 mg/dm(...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00987383
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most studies on rhizosphere chemicals are carried out in substrate-free set-ups or in artificial substrates using sampling methods that require an air flow and may thus cause disturbance to the rhizosphere. Our study aimed to develop a simplified and inexpensive system that allows analysis of rhizosphere chemicals at ...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10886-015-0559-9
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alate and apterous virginoparae ofAphis fabae Scop, and alate virginoparae ofBrevicoryne brassicae (L.), walking in a linear track olfactometer, were attracted by odor from leaves of their host plants.A. fabae responded to odor from undamaged but not damaged bean leaves. Gynoparae (autumn migrants) ofA. fabae, however...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01402946
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The female parasitic waspCotesia kariyai discriminated between the volatiles of corn leaves infested by younger host larvaePseudaletia separata (first to fourth instar) and uninfested leaves in a Y-tube olfactometer; the wasps were attracted to the infested leaves. In contrast, when corn plants were infested by the la...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF02036717
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Maize, a genetically diverse crop, is the domesticated descendent of its wild ancestor, teosinte. Recently, we have shown that certain maize landraces possess a valuable indirect defense trait not present in commercial hybrids. Plants of these landraces release herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) that attract bo...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10886-015-0570-1
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Global climate change includes concomitant changes in many components of the abiotic flux necessary for plant life. In this paper, we investigate the combined effects of elevated CO2 (720 ppm) and temperature (+2 K) on the phytochemistry of three deciduous tree species. The analysis revealed that elevated CO(2) genera...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10886-006-9235-4
更新日期:2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Biological pesticides based on nucleopolyhedroviruses (NPVs) can provide an effective and environmentally benign alternative to synthetic chemicals. On some crops, however, the efficacy and persistence of NPVs is known to be reduced by plant specific factors. The present study investigated the efficacy of Helicoverpa ...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10886-010-9748-8
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Individual analysis of the female sex pheromone of the adzuki bean borer, Ostrinia scapulalis, has shown that the sex pheromone of this species comprised (E)-11-tetradecenyl acetate (E11-14:OAc) and (Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate (Z11-14:OAc) at variable blend ratios. The pheromone blend could be tentatively categorized ...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1014540011854
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Broad bean plants (Viciafaba) infested by the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphonpisum, play akey role in the in-flightorientation of the parasitoidAphidius ervi, by producing host-induced synomones (HIS). These volatiles are herbivore-specific and are systemically released from insect-free parts of an infested plant, suggesting...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1020553531658
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A two-choice, wind-tunnel olfactometer was designed and contructed to determine whether second-instar eastern spruce budworm larvae,Christoneura fumiferana (Clem.), could detect and discriminate among host-plant volatiles. Volatiles of current year's growth ofPicea glauca were preferred over those ofP. rubens, P. mari...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01012072
更新日期:1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epinotia aporema (Walsingham) is a Neotropical pest of legumes in southern South America. Its importance has increased during the last decade owing to the significant growth of soybean production in the region. Monitoring of E. aporema is difficult due to the cryptic behavior of the larvae, and hence, chemical control...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s10886-009-9605-9
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The alkaloids solanine and tomatine and the polyene antibiotic nystatin were tested in vitro against the entomopathogenic fungusBeauveria bassiana. Nystatin was the most inhibitory compound tested, reducing colony formation, growth, and development of conidiaphores to a greater degree and at lower concentrations than ...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01014712
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have shown that menstrual cycle length and fertility are affected by a regular pattern of either: (1) intimate contact with men; or (2) contact with extracts from male axillary secretions; and (3) the axillary extracts of women. Experiments utilizing axillary extracts employed a controlled, double-bli...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF01020154
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Responses ofRhagoletis pomonella (Walsh) (Diptera: Tephritidae) flies to host fruit visual stimuli (apples or models of apples) and chemical stimuli (synthetic apple volatile blend) were studied in semidwarf field-caged apple trees. Three different fruit or model densities (1, 4, or 16 fruit or models/ tree) and two o...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00980700
更新日期:1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The exocrine glandular secretions of leaf beetle larvae of the taxon Chrysomela are well-known defensive devices used against some generalist predators. Salicylaldehyde is the major repellent component of secretions emitted by larvae of Chrysomela vigintipunctata and C. lapponica, which feed on salicin-rich Salicaceae...
journal_title:Journal of chemical ecology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1023/a:1017934124650
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00