Prefusion structure of syntaxin-1A suggests pathway for folding into neuronal trans-SNARE complex fusion intermediate.

abstract：:REPRESSOR OF SILENCING 1 (ROS1) is a DNA demethylation enzyme that was previously identified during a genetic screen for the silencing of both RD29A-LUC and 35S-NPTII transgenes on a T-DNA construct. Here we performed a genetic screen to identify additional mutants in which the 35S-NPTII transgene is silenced. We iden...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li X,Qian W,Zhao Y,Wang C,Shen J,Zhu JK,Gong Z

更新日期：2012-07-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Feasting is one of humanity's most universal and unique social behaviors. Although evidence for feasting is common in the early agricultural societies of the Neolithic, evidence in pre-Neolithic contexts is more elusive. We found clear evidence for feasting on wild cattle and tortoises at Hilazon Tachtit cave, a Late ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Munro ND,Grosman L

更新日期：2010-08-31 00:00:00

abstract：:The superficial gray layer of the superior colliculus contains a map that represents the visual field, whereas the underlying intermediate gray layer contains a vector map of the saccades that shift the direction of gaze. These two maps are aligned so that a particular region of the visual field is represented directl...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lee PH,Helms MC,Augustine GJ,Hall WC

更新日期：1997-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：:To determine possible differences in the cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinases of normal and psoriatic human fibroblasts, the levels of the regulatory subunits (RI and RII, respectively) of protein kinase I and protein kinase II were quantitated by photoaffinity labeling with 8-azido[32P]cAMP. The level of RII was sign...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Brion DE,Raynaud F,Plet A,Laurent P,Leduc B,Anderson W

更新日期：1986-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The functions of neurotransmitters in fetal development are poorly understood. Genetic observations have suggested a role for the inhibitory amino acid neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the normal development of the mouse palate. Mice homozygous for mutations in the beta-3 GABAA receptor subunit devel...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Condie BG,Bain G,Gottlieb DI,Capecchi MR

更新日期：1997-10-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The molecular weight of the major glycoprotein from the human erythrocyte membrane is 29,000, of which 55% is carbohydrate and 45% is protein. The binding of sodium dodecyl sulfate to this glycoprotein is anomalous when compared to water soluble proteins and leads to migration rates in sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacryl...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Grefrath SP,Reynolds JA

更新日期：1974-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Yeast mutants in which genes encoding subunits of the vacuolar H(+)-ATPase were interrupted were assayed for their vacuolar ATPase and proton-uptake activities. The vacuoles from the mutants lacking subunits A (72 kDa), B (57 kDa), or c (proteolipid, 16 kDa) were completely inactive in these reactions. Immunological s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Noumi T,Beltrán C,Nelson H,Nelson N

更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ribosomal signatures, idiosyncrasies in the ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and/or proteins, are characteristic of the individual domains of life. As such, insight into the early evolution of the domains can be gained from a comparative analysis of their respective signatures in the translational apparatus. In this work, we iden...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Roberts E,Sethi A,Montoya J,Woese CR,Luthey-Schulten Z

更新日期：2008-09-16 00:00:00

abstract：:The Kell blood group is a major antigenic system in human erythrocytes. Kell antigens reside on a 93-kDa membrane glycoprotein that is surface-exposed and associated with the underlying cytoskeleton. We isolated tryptic peptides and, based on the amino acid sequence of one of the peptides and by using the PCR, prepare...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lee S,Zambas ED,Marsh WL,Redman CM

更新日期：1991-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A mutation in RPB5 (rpb5-9), an essential RNA polymerase subunit assembled into RNA polymerases I, II, and III, revealed a role for this subunit in transcriptional activation. Activation by GAL4-VP16 was impaired upon in vitro transcription with mutant whole-cell extracts. In vivo experiments using inducible reporter ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Miyao T,Woychik NA

更新日期：1998-12-22 00:00:00

abstract：:It is shown that a stereochemical correspondence between two molecular systems can be represented by a commuting diagram of the point groups and permutation groups involved. The effect of the diagrammatic condition on the mappings of the cosets, double cosets, subgroup lattice, and double coset algebra determined for ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nourse JG

更新日期：1975-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The thymus provides multiple microenvironments that are essential for the development and repertoire selection of T lymphocytes. The thymic cortex induces the generation and positive selection of T lymphocytes, whereas the thymic medulla establishes self-tolerance among the positively selected T lymphocytes. Cortical ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ohigashi I,Zuklys S,Sakata M,Mayer CE,Zhanybekova S,Murata S,Tanaka K,Holländer GA,Takahama Y

更新日期：2013-06-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Stress can either promote or impair learning and memory. Such opposing effects depend on whether synapses persist or decay after learning. Maintenance of new synapses formed at the time of learning upon neuronal network activation depends on the stress hormone-activated glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and neurotrophic fa...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Arango-Lievano M,Borie AM,Dromard Y,Murat M,Desarmenien MG,Garabedian MJ,Jeanneteau F

更新日期：2019-06-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Measured by ultra-slow scanning calorimetry and isothermal circular dichroism, human lung collagen monomers denature at 37 degrees C within a couple of days. Their unfolding rate decreases exponentially at lower temperature, but complete unfolding is observed even below 36 degrees C. Refolding of full-length, native c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Leikina E,Mertts MV,Kuznetsova N,Leikin S

更新日期：2002-02-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The management of harmful species, including invasive species, pests, parasites, and diseases, is a major global challenge. Harmful species cause severe damage to ecosystems, biodiversity, agriculture, and human health. In particular, managing harmful species often requires cooperation among multiple agents, such as l...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lampert A

更新日期：2020-05-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The great mass extinctions of the fossil record were a major creative force that provided entirely new kinds of opportunities for the subsequent explosive evolution and diversification of surviving clades. Today, the synergistic effects of human impacts are laying the groundwork for a comparably great Anthropocene mas...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jackson JB

更新日期：2008-08-12 00:00:00

abstract：:B-1a cells, an anatomically, phenotypically, and functionally distinct subset of B cells that produce the bulk of natural serum IgM and much of gut-associated IgA, are an important component of the early response to pathogens. Because the induced expression of CD5, a hallmark of B-1a cells, requires a nuclear factor o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Berland R,Wortis HH

更新日期：2003-11-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of a spider silk-manufacturing process is of great interest. However, there are serious problems with natural manufacturing through spider farming, and standard recombinant protein production platforms have provided limited progress due to their inability to assemble spider silk proteins into fibers. T...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Teulé F,Miao YG,Sohn BH,Kim YS,Hull JJ,Fraser MJ Jr,Lewis RV,Jarvis DL

更新日期：2012-01-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Kinetics of growth and decay of triplet states of molecules at known orientation in a magnetic field have been measured. Amplitudes of the zero field eigenstates in each of the eigenstates at finite field were varied by choice of orientation. No interference between the amplitudes of the zero field states was found in...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Felix CC,Weissman SI

更新日期：1975-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fast lateral proton migration along membranes is of vital importance for cellular energy homeostasis and various proton-coupled transport processes. It can only occur if attractive forces keep the proton at the interface. How to reconcile this high affinity to the membrane surface with high proton mobility is unclear....

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang C,Knyazev DG,Vereshaga YA,Ippoliti E,Nguyen TH,Carloni P,Pohl P

更新日期：2012-06-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Grounding autonomous behavior in the nervous system is a fundamental challenge for neuroscience. In particular, self-organized behavioral development provides more questions than answers. Are there special functional units for curiosity, motivation, and creativity? This paper argues that these features can be grounded...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Der R,Martius G

更新日期：2015-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The sterol regulatory element-binding protein (SREBP) family of transcription factors controls the biosynthesis of cholesterol and other lipids, and lipid synthesis is critical for cell growth and proliferation. We were, therefore, interested in the expression and activity of SREBPs during the cell cycle. We found tha...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bengoechea-Alonso MT,Punga T,Ericsson J

更新日期：2005-08-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Chicken ovalbumin upstream promoter-transcription factor (COUP-TF) genes encode transcription factors belonging to the orphan subfamily of the steroid/thyroid hormone receptor superfamily. Two COUP-TF counterparts have been cloned from mouse. In an attempt to study the function of these genes in the developing central...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Qiu Y,Cooney AJ,Kuratani S,DeMayo FJ,Tsai SY,Tsai MJ

更新日期：1994-05-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The recent development of metallic glass-matrix composites represents a particular milestone in engineering materials for structural applications owing to their remarkable combination of strength and toughness. However, metallic glasses are highly susceptible to cyclic fatigue damage, and previous attempts to solve th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Launey ME,Hofmann DC,Johnson WL,Ritchie RO

更新日期：2009-03-31 00:00:00

abstract：:MuB is an ATP-dependent nonspecific DNA-binding protein that regulates the activity of the MuA transposase and captures target DNA for transposition. Mechanistic understanding of MuB function has previously been hindered by MuB's poor solubility. Here we combine bioinformatic, mutagenic, biochemical, and electron micr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mizuno N,Dramićanin M,Mizuuchi M,Adam J,Wang Y,Han YW,Yang W,Steven AC,Mizuuchi K,Ramón-Maiques S

更新日期：2013-07-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The tumor suppressor protein p53 localizes to microtubules (MT) and, in response to DNA damage, is transported to the nucleus via the MT minus-end-directed motor protein dynein. Dynein is also responsible for MT-mediated nuclear targeting of adenovirus type 2 (Ad2). Here we show that treatment with low concentrations ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Giannakakou P,Nakano M,Nicolaou KC,O'Brate A,Yu J,Blagosklonny MV,Greber UF,Fojo T

更新日期：2002-08-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Much debate has revolved around the question of whether the mode of evolutionary and ecological turnover in the fossil record of African mammals was continuous or pulsed, and the degree to which faunal turnover tracked changes in global climate. Here, we assembled and analyzed large specimen databases of the fossil re...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bibi F,Kiessling W

更新日期：2015-08-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Observations from human microbiome studies are often conflicting or inconclusive. Many factors likely contribute to these issues including small cohort sizes, sample collection, and handling and processing differences. The field of microbiome research is moving from 16S rDNA gene sequencing to a more comprehensive gen...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jones MB,Highlander SK,Anderson EL,Li W,Dayrit M,Klitgord N,Fabani MM,Seguritan V,Green J,Pride DT,Yooseph S,Biggs W,Nelson KE,Venter JC

更新日期：2015-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:An early and a late histone H2B gene from the sea urchin Stronglyocentrotus purpuratus were linked in a single plasmid and injected into the eggs of the sea urchin Lytechinus pictus. The levels of transcripts of injected early and late genes and of endogenous early genes were monitored during development by a ribonucl...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Colin AM,Catlin TL,Kidson SH,Maxson R

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Four cell types from Vicia faba Linnaeus "Long Pod" leaflets were assayed for three enzymes unique to the photosynthetic carbon reduction pathway. The enzymes were ribulosebisphosphate carboxylase [3-phospho-D-glycerate carboxy-lyase (dimerizing), EC 4.1.1.39], phosphoribulokinase (ATP:D-ribulose-5-phosphate 1-phospho...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Outlaw WH,Manchester J,Dicamelli CA,Randall DD,Rapp B,Veith GM

更新日期：1979-12-01 00:00:00