Abstract:
:An intravital microscopic method for quantitative measurement of interstitial concentrations of fluorescent tracers has been applied to the investigation of microvascular permeability in the hamster cheek pouch. Some nanoliters of FITC-dextran mean mol wt (Mw) 20,000, 3000, or sodium fluorescein (Mw 376) were injected into an arteriole of the exposed cheek pouch via micropipet. The extravasation of fluorochromes was measured by a photodensitometric method including two sets of calibration procedures (in vitro and in vivo). Postcapillary and collecting venules exhibited the highest absolute increase of fluorochrome concentration in the tissue for all tracer molecules tested when compared to arterioles or capillaries. The permeability of the vascular wall was quantified, assuming that diffusion processes play the main role for the transport of the investigated molecules under the experimental conditions of a high concentration gradient across the membrane. Permeability coefficients P (cm/sec) and apparent diffusion coefficients D' (cm2/sec) of the microvascular wall were calculated using a mathematical model for one-dimensional diffusion in composite media. The analysis is based on measured data of interstitial diffusion coefficients of the tracers used. For all tracer molecules tested, the wall of the capillaries and postcapillary venules was significantly more permeable than the arteriolar wall. For the largest test molecule (FITC-dextran Mw 20,000), the permeability coefficient of the vessel wall showed a maximum in the postcapillary venules. These findings support the concept of a "gradient of permeability" with a nonuniform distribution of exchange capacity only for the precapillary microvessels. A marked preponderance of venular over capillary permeability could, if at all, only be detected for FITC-dextran Mw 20,000. The present study characterizes the vessel wall by apparent diffusion coefficients which are, for FITC-dextran Mw 3000, and free fluorescein, roughly three orders of magnitude lower than the apparent diffusion coefficients in connective tissue.
journal_name
Microvasc Resjournal_title
Microvascular researchauthors
Ley K,Arfors KEdoi
10.1016/0026-2862(86)90009-9subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1986-01-01 00:00:00pages
84-99issue
1eissn
0026-2862issn
1095-9319journal_volume
31pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Pericytes are known to communicate with endothelial cells by direct contact and by releasing cytokines such as TGF-beta. There is also strong evidence that pericytes act as regulators of endothelial cell proliferation and differentiation. We have investigated the effect of pericyte-conditioned medium (PCM) on prolifer...
journal_title:Microvascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/mvre.1999.2208
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::H2O2 mediates autocrine and paracrine signaling in the vasculature and can propagate endothelial dysfunction. However, it is not clear how endothelial cells withstand H2O2 exposure and promote H2O2-induced vascular remodeling. To understand the innate ability of endothelial cells for sustaining excess H2O2 exposure, w...
journal_title:Microvascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mvr.2015.09.003
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article describes the interaction between solid particles and blood propagating through a capillary. A slip condition is considered on the walls of the capillary. The rheological features of the blood are discussed by considering as a two-phase Newtonian fluid model, i.e., the suspension of cells in plasma. A per...
journal_title:Microvascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mvr.2018.04.004
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), by activated neutrophils and endothelial cells, has been implicated in the pathophysiology of endothelial barrier dysfunction. Disruption of the integrity of this barrier markedly increases permeability to fluids, solutes and in...
journal_title:Microvascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.mvr.2008.10.005
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In previous studies, the flow of albumin solution through hydrated lung interstitial segments was higher than a prior flow of Ringer solution (A. Tajaddinni et al., 1994, J. Appl. Physiol. 76, 578-583). We wondered whether this effect was caused by an increased pore size. We measured the flow of albumin solutions thro...
journal_title:Microvascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/mvre.2001.2363
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microvascular blood flow is commonly calculated from a "centerline" velocity derived from the dual-slit method. This is done by relating the computed centerline velocity to an average velocity through an empirically derived conversion factor. To determine the physical basis of the conversion factor, we utilized a Four...
journal_title:Microvascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0026-2862(89)90046-0
更新日期:1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::An increasing body of evidence suggests that the deleterious effects of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) on remote organ function could, at least in part, be due to loss of the normal balance of immune, inflammatory, and soluble mediator metabolism that attends injury of the tubular epithelium. Such dysregulation, acting at ...
journal_title:Microvascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.mvr.2008.09.001
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using the laser-Doppler method we measured blood flow on the nailfold skin to compare the reactivity of cutaneous microcirculation in three groups of normotensive subjects: 11 subjects with a familial predisposition to hypertension without a previous record of high blood pressure, 6 predisposed subjects with a previou...
journal_title:Microvascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/mvre.2000.2279
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Local skin heating to 42°C causes rapid increases in cutaneous perfusion (initial peak), followed by a brief nadir and subsequent sustained elevation (plateau). Several studies have demonstrated that nitric oxide synthase (NOS) largely contributes to the plateau response during local heating. In this study, we tested ...
journal_title:Microvascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mvr.2017.12.001
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We tested the hypothesis that cationic peptides (polyarginine; poly-argn) and eosinophil-derived major basic protein (MaBP) increase permeability by stimulating the release of histamine and/or nitric oxide. We used intravital microscopy, clearance, and integrated optical intensity (IOI), using FITC-dextran 150 (FITC-d...
journal_title:Microvascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/mvre.1995.1038
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:High aerobic fitness may prevent age-related decrements in cutaneous vasodilation while type 2 diabetes may exacerbate this decline. The mechanisms underlying these responses remain unclear, but may be due to an excess of reactive oxygen species. We hypothesized that superoxide scavenging or NADPH oxidase inh...
journal_title:Microvascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mvr.2019.103886
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Post occlusive skin reactive hyperemia (PORH) is a tool used to assess microcirculation. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) mediates nitric oxide (NO) production; polymorphism of the eNOS gene may affect response to the PORH process. This study aims to determine whether eNOS G894T gene polymorphism affects respo...
journal_title:Microvascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mvr.2009.05.005
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A microvascular network model described in the preceding paper (B. Dawant, M. Levin, and A. S. Popel, 1986, Microvasc. Res. 31, 203-222) featuring random distribution of vessel diameters and lengths, is extended to calculate the distributions of red blood cell flux and discharge hematocrit throughout the network. A re...
journal_title:Microvascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0026-2862(86)90036-1
更新日期:1986-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immunological studies of human endothelial cells have been performed almost entirely on endothelial cells (EC) derived from foetal (umbilical vein) or adult (aorta) large vessels. Immunologically these EC have in common the fact that they are negative for major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigens (HLA-D...
journal_title:Microvascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/mvre.1996.0016
更新日期:1996-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The microfibrils of anchoring filaments, a typical ultrastructural feature of initial lymphatic vessels, consist mainly of fibrillin and are similar to the microfibrils of elastic fibers. As we previously demonstrated, they radiate from focal adhesions of lymphatic endothelium to the perivascular elastic network. Alth...
journal_title:Microvascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/mvre.2002.2397
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ischemia/Reperfusion injury and hemolysis are characterized by erythrocyte lysis and release of free heme into the microcirculation. Following substantial erythrocyte lysis, heme overwhelms circulatory heme-binding protein networks rapidly forming hemin, the oxidized form of iron protoporphyrin IX. Hemin's role in mod...
journal_title:Microvascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mvr.2007.01.002
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The electrokinetically modulated peristaltic transport of power-law fluids through a narrow confinement in the form of a deformable tube is investigated. The fluid is considered to be divided into two regions - a non-Newtonian core region (described by the power-law behavior) which is surrounded by a thin wall-adherin...
journal_title:Microvascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mvr.2015.10.004
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Red blood cell (RBC)-plasma suspensions with a hematocrit of 10-12% were forced to flow through microchannels (equivalent diameter 6 microns, equivalent length 20 microns, 2600 in parallel) by applying a pressure difference of 20 cm H2O. Transit times for 100 microliters of fresh suspensions from 33 healthy male subje...
journal_title:Microvascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/mvre.1994.1017
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To examine the possible role of Klotho (Kl) in human microvasculature. METHODS:The expression level of Kl in primary human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HDMECs) and primary human dermal fibroblasts (HFb) was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction amplification (qRT-PCR), Western blot analyse...
journal_title:Microvascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mvr.2016.05.005
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Sepsis is a fatal systemic inflammatory response syndrome caused by severe infection. The aim of this study was to measure hepatic microcirculation during the sepsis with laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI), as well as investigating the underlying mechanisms. METHODS:Sepsis was induced by cecal ligation a...
journal_title:Microvascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mvr.2014.10.006
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the expression of cell adhesion molecules on the surface of glomerular endothelial cells (GEC), dermal microvascular endothelial cells (MvE), and umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) that had or had not been stimulated by cytokines. PECAM-1 was constitutively expressed at a high level on HUVEC but ...
journal_title:Microvascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/mvre.2001.2356
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Angiogenesis, or the growth of new blood vessels, is critical to both health and disease. Several genes are implicated in the regulation of angiogenesis, such as genes encoding growth factors, cytokines, and the extracellular matrix, as well as transcription factors. Among them, Hox genes exert master regulatory effec...
journal_title:Microvascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.mvr.2013.02.009
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated the effect of an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) on the level of biomarkers of vascular remodelling. We enrolled 256 Caucasian overweight healthy subjects (H) and 274 overweight type 2 diabetic patients (D). All patients underwent basal measurements of blood glucose (BG), nitrites/nitrates, adiponectin...
journal_title:Microvascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/j.mvr.2010.01.002
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Sedentary behaviour is linked to increased cardiovascular disease risk in Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA), but the biological processes underlying this relationship are not understood. OBJECTIVES:To investigate the cross-sectional associations of habitual sedentary behaviour, with endothelial function in RA. MET...
journal_title:Microvascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mvr.2018.01.005
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the kinetics of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) after intravascular administration into SCID mouse cremaster vasculature by intravital microscopy. MSCs were injected into abdominal aorta through left femoral artery at two different concentrations (1 x 10(6) or 0.2 x 10(6) cell). Arterial blood velo...
journal_title:Microvascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mvr.2009.02.001
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of VEGF during development and in pathology is well known, but its function in normal adult tissues is poorly understood. Adverse effects associated with the use of anti-angiogenic therapies targeting VEGF in human pathologies have begun to reveal potential functions of VEGF in quiescent vasculature. Further ...
journal_title:Microvascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.mvr.2007.03.004
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reperfusion of the ischemic lung is associated with increased pulmonary vascular resistance and reduced alveolar perfusion in conjunction with an inflammatory response. To determine the contribution of platelet-endothelial interactions, we examined effects of pulmonary ischemia-reperfusion (IR) on platelet adhesion an...
journal_title:Microvascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mvr.2003.09.003
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study determined the contribution of cytochrome P450 (CP450) 4A enzyme metabolites of arachidonic acid in mediating the constriction of isolated rat skeletal muscle resistance arteries in response to elevated PO2. Gracilis arteries (GA) were viewed via television microscopy and constrictor responses to elevated P...
journal_title:Microvascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/mvre.2001.2341
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rho-associated kinases are involved in regulation of actin-myosin contractility and the organization of the actin cytoskeleton in both endothelial and smooth muscle cells. By influencing the contraction of the intraendothelial filaments, Rho kinases may affect the size of the interendothelial gaps and thereby influenc...
journal_title:Microvascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0026-2862(03)00041-4
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the impact of lymph flow obstruction in large post-nodal lymphatic vessels in sheep. A silk ligature was placed 2 cm downstream from the prescapular or popliteal lymph node and tightened to interrupt flow. At 6, 12 and 16 weeks after lymph flow blockage, a network of small interconnecting lymphatics (appro...
journal_title:Microvascular research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mvr.2006.11.003
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00