Abstract:
BACKGROUND:We utilized multiple recruitment approaches to recruit IDUs in a longitudinal cohort study to examine HIV incidence and behavior change pre- and post-introduction of comprehensive HIV prevention services. METHODS:IDUs were recruited through peer referral, targeted outreach by outreach workers (ORWs) and as walk-in clients at drop-in centers. Participants received monetary compensation for participation (USD 0.80). Participants were given recruitment coupons to recruit peers (regardless of recruitment method). For peer referral, participants received a food coupon, as secondary compensation, for each peer he/she successfully recruited. We report the profile of IDUs by recruitment method, based on the baseline behavioral survey and HIV test results. Cost per IDU recruited by recruitment method was also calculated. RESULTS:A total of 3,818 IDUs were recruited between May 2011 and October 2011. More than half of the study participants were recruited through targeted outreach (ORW: 53.6%; peer-referral: 26.3%; walk-ins: 20.1%). Of the participants who were given recruitment coupons, 92.7% recruited no peers. Those who successfully recruited at least one peer were significantly more likely to be in a stable living accommodation compared to those who did not recruit any peers (51.1% versus 42.7%; p < 0.05). Only 45.9% of the food coupons were claimed for successful recruitment of peers. Peer-referred IDUs were more likely to be living with family or relatives (50.7% versus ORW: 40.1% and walk-in: 39.8%; p < 0.001) rather than on the street or shared housings compared to the other two recruitment modes. Walk-ins were more likely than peer-referred and ORW-referred IDUs to be HIV-positive (walk-ins: 26.1%; peer-referred: 19.1%; ORW: 19.9%; p < 0.01) and have risky injection practices (walk-ins: 62.2%; ORW: 57.0%; peer-referred: 58.6%; p < 0.05). The cost per IDU recruited through ORW referral method was the most costly at USD 16.30, followed by peer-referral at USD 8.40 and walk-in at USD 7.50. CONCLUSION:When recruiting a large number of IDUs, using multiple recruitment modes is ideal with regard to diversification of IDU characteristics and risk profile. Although it was the most costly, ORW recruitment was more effective than the other two methods. Lack of monetary compensation for successful recruitment of peers may have hampered peer-referral.
journal_name
Harm Reduct Jjournal_title
Harm reduction journalauthors
Tun W,Sebastian MP,Sharma V,Madan I,Souidi S,Lewis D,Thior I,Sarna Adoi
10.1186/1477-7517-10-16subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-09-25 00:00:00pages
16issn
1477-7517pii
1477-7517-10-16journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Injection drug use is on the rise in the USA, and skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) are a common complication, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Due to structural barriers to care-seeking, many people who inject drugs avoid formal care and resort to self-care techniques, but little is kn...
journal_title:Harm reduction journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12954-019-0345-z
更新日期:2019-12-12 00:00:00
abstract::This article examines harm reduction from a novel perspective. Its central thesis is that harm reduction is not only a social concept, but also a biological one. More specifically, evolution does not make moral distinctions in the selection process, but utilizes a cannabis-based approach to harm reduction in order to ...
journal_title:Harm reduction journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1477-7517-2-17
更新日期:2005-09-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a global epidemic with an estimated 71 million people infected worldwide. People who inject drugs (PWID) are overrepresented in prison populations globally and have higher levels of HCV infection than the general population. Despite increased access to primary health care...
journal_title:Harm reduction journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1186/s12954-018-0269-z
更新日期:2018-12-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Stigma and discrimination may adversely affect the benefits of methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) for drug users, especially in disadvantaged settings. This study assessed stigma and discrimination against MMT patients in the mountainous and rural areas in Vietnam and explored their associated factors to ...
journal_title:Harm reduction journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12954-016-0127-9
更新日期:2017-01-06 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The aim of this study is to identify the profiles of young people who use drugs (YPUD) and their exposure to HIV risks in the 3 main cities of Vietnam, Haiphong, Hanoi, and Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC), in order to design a community-based intervention to prevent HIV. METHODS:A survey using respondent-driven s...
journal_title:Harm reduction journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12954-020-00357-4
更新日期:2020-02-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There are few studies of mortality amongst people who inject drugs (PWID) in Australia. In this study, we estimate mortality in a cohort of PWID in Melbourne and examine predictors of mortality including health service use, demographic characteristics, drug use and personal wellbeing. FINDINGS:We linked ide...
journal_title:Harm reduction journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12954-015-0089-3
更新日期:2015-12-09 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Recovery from substance use disorder (SUD) is often considered at odds with harm reduction strategies. More recently, harm reduction has been categorized as both a pathway to recovery and a series of services to reduce the harmful consequences of substance use. Peer recovery support services (PRSS) are effec...
journal_title:Harm reduction journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12954-018-0258-2
更新日期:2018-10-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To understand the limits of HCV screening programs to reach all drug users (DUs). METHOD:The association of the recruitment of a representative sample of a population of DUs in a specific area with the use of a questionnaire that included 250 items allowed the use of uni- and multifactorial analysis to expl...
journal_title:Harm reduction journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12954-018-0264-4
更新日期:2018-12-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Health services globally are struggling to manage the impact of COVID-19. The existing global disease burden related to opioid use is significant. Particularly challenging groups include older drug users who are more vulnerable to the effects of COVID-19. Increasing access to safe and effective opioid agonis...
journal_title:Harm reduction journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12954-020-00394-z
更新日期:2020-07-17 00:00:00
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journal_title:Harm reduction journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12954-020-00373-4
更新日期:2020-05-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In response to the opioid epidemic, naloxone distribution programs aim to prevent overdose death by making naloxone available and training people to use it. Peers of individuals at risk of opioid overdose are well-positioned to administer naloxone and prevent overdose death. METHODS:We conducted key informa...
journal_title:Harm reduction journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12954-019-0352-0
更新日期:2020-01-09 00:00:00
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journal_title:Harm reduction journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12954-020-00417-9
更新日期:2020-10-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In 2016, the Australian federal government passed legislation enabling a range of cannabis-based products to be prescribed to patients by registered healthcare professionals. An online survey conducted immediately prior to these legislative changes found that the vast majority of respondents at the time were...
journal_title:Harm reduction journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12954-020-00377-0
更新日期:2020-06-08 00:00:00
abstract::The findings of our research show that while police play multiple roles in the fight against drug-related crime, they often perceived their tasks - especially preventing and controlling drug use on the one hand, and supporting harm reduction on the other - as contradictory, and this creates tensions in their work and ...
journal_title:Harm reduction journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1477-7517-9-25
更新日期:2012-07-09 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This study aimed to investigate the development of opioid tolerance in patients receiving long-term methadone maintenance treatment (MMT). METHODS:A region-wide cross-sectional study was performed focusing on dosage and duration of treatment. Differences between racemic methadone and levomethadone were exam...
journal_title:Harm reduction journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12954-016-0095-0
更新日期:2016-02-16 00:00:00
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journal_title:Harm reduction journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1477-7517-3-28
更新日期:2006-09-27 00:00:00
abstract::Substance-using women who exchange sex for money, drugs or shelter as a means of basic subsistence (ie. survival sex) have remained largely at the periphery of HIV and harm reduction policies and services across Canadian cities. This is notwithstanding global evidence of the multiple harms faced by this population, in...
journal_title:Harm reduction journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1477-7517-4-20
更新日期:2007-12-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Ongoing legal and social discrimination, and stigmatization of people with lived experience of drug use (PWLE) continues to contribute to overdose-related deaths in Canada. The involvement of PWLE working in harm reduction services has proven effective in decreasing drug-related harms among PWLE; however, th...
journal_title:Harm reduction journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12954-020-00453-5
更新日期:2021-01-06 00:00:00
abstract::Young people aged 15-24 years account for fifty percent of all new AIDS cases worldwide. Moreover, half of all new HIV infections are associated with injection drug use. The average age for initiation into injecting drug use is 20 years of age. This paper investigates whether HIV prevention programs have reduced risk ...
journal_title:Harm reduction journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1477-7517-2-5
更新日期:2005-03-17 00:00:00
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journal_title:Harm reduction journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1477-7517-7-11
更新日期:2010-05-25 00:00:00
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journal_title:Harm reduction journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12954-020-00442-8
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2015-10-30 00:00:00
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journal_title:Harm reduction journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1477-7517-8-8
更新日期:2011-04-17 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The HIV epidemic among people who inject drugs (PWID) in Russia continues to spread. This exploratory study examines how HIV-prevention measures are perceived and experienced by PWID in the northwestern region of Russia. METHODS:Purposive sampling was used to obtain a variety of cases that could reflect pos...
journal_title:Harm reduction journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12954-017-0162-1
更新日期:2017-06-05 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Smoking is endemic amongst people accessing homeless services, and they are disproportionately affected by smoking-related diseases. This paper reports on the results of a 3-month small scale intervention which explored the efficacy, challenges and opportunities of using electronic nicotine delivery systems ...
journal_title:Harm reduction journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12954-020-00406-y
更新日期:2020-10-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:During the 1990s, the New York Police Department (NYPD) greatly expanded arrests for smoking marijuana in public view (MPV). By 2000, MPV accounted for 15% of all arrests. The NYPD's supporters report this arrest activity is just part of quality-of-life (QOL) policing, which seeks to promote order in public ...
journal_title:Harm reduction journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1477-7517-3-22
更新日期:2006-08-04 00:00:00
abstract::Needle exchange programs chase political as well as epidemiological dragons, carrying within them both implicit moral and political goals. In the exchange model of syringe distribution, injection drug users (IDUs) must provide used needles in order to receive new needles. Distribution and retrieval are co-existent in ...
journal_title:Harm reduction journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1477-7517-7-1
更新日期:2010-01-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Methadone maintenance treatment is the most widely prescribed treatment for opiate dependence with proven benefits for patients. In naïve users or in case of recreational misuse, methadone can be a source of potentially lethal intoxications, resulting in fatal overdoses. A few cases of infantile intoxication...
journal_title:Harm reduction journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1477-7517-11-20
更新日期:2014-07-02 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:Evidence is emerging that prescription opioid (PO) injection is associated with increased health risks. This mixed-methods study compares the mechanics of PO and heroin injection and examines the demographic and drug-related correlates of lifetime PO injection in a sample of young people who inject drugs (PWID) in ...
journal_title:Harm reduction journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2020-03-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:People who smoke crack cocaine experience a wide variety of health-related issues. However, public health programming designed for this population is limited, particularly in comparison with programming for people who inject drugs. Canadian best practice recommendations encourage needle and syringe programs ...
journal_title:Harm reduction journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12954-017-0144-3
更新日期:2017-05-12 00:00:00