Does nasal echolocation influence the modularity of the mammal skull?

abstract：:Theoretical studies on the evolution of dispersal in metacommunities are rare despite empirical evidence suggesting that interspecific interactions can modify dispersal behaviour of organisms. To understand the role of species interactions for dispersal evolution, we utilize an individual-based model of a metacommunit...

journal_title：Journal of evolutionary biology

authors： Chaianunporn T,Hovestadt T

更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The length of the favourable season determines voltinism in insect populations. In some insects, there is variation in fecundity and timing of reproduction among females. If the length of the favourable season does not allow all offspring to develop into adults without diapause, the benefits of high early fecundity ma...

journal_title：Journal of evolutionary biology

authors： Välimäki P,Kivelä SM,Jääskeläinen L,Kaitala A,Kaitala V,Oksanen J

更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phenological shifts are the most widely reported ecological responses to climate change, but the requirements to distinguish their causes (i.e. phenotypic plasticity vs. microevolution) are rarely met. To do so, we analysed almost two decades of parturition data from a wild population of North American red squirrels (...

journal_title：Journal of evolutionary biology

authors： Lane JE,McAdam AG,McFarlane SE,Williams CT,Humphries MM,Coltman DW,Gorrell JC,Boutin S

更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding how animal personality (consistent between-individual behavioural differences) arises has become a central topic in behavioural sciences. This endeavour is complicated by the fact that not only the mean behaviour of individuals (behavioural type) but also the strength of their reaction to environmental c...

journal_title：Journal of evolutionary biology

authors： Herczeg G,Urszán TJ,Orf S,Nagy G,Kotrschal A,Kolm N

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is now widely appreciated that competition between kin inhibits the evolution of altruism. In standard population genetics models, it is difficult for indiscriminate altruism towards social partners to be favoured at all. The reason is that while limited dispersal increases the kinship of social partners it also in...

journal_title：Journal of evolutionary biology

authors： Gardner A,West SA

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Some female pollinating fig wasps (foundresses) re-emerge from figs after oviposition/pollination. We investigated why this occurs in the mutualism between the gynodioecious Ficus montana and Liporrhopalum tentacularis. Re-emergence increased with foundress density in figs and some foundresses oviposited in two male f...

journal_title：Journal of evolutionary biology

authors： Moore JC,Dunn AM,Compton SG,Hatcher MJ

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Theory predicts that the evolution of phenotypic plasticity depends upon cues that indicate environmental change. Predators typically induce plastic responses in prey. However, variation among populations of predators alters the frequency of predation and, possibly, the evolution of plasticity. We compared responses t...

journal_title：Journal of evolutionary biology

authors： Walsh MR,Post DM

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Post-meiotic sperm ageing, both before ejaculation and after ejaculation, has been shown to negatively affect offspring fitness by lowering the rate of embryonic development, reducing embryonic viability and decreasing offspring condition. These negative effects are thought to be caused by intrinsic factors such as ox...

journal_title：Journal of evolutionary biology

authors： Hotzy C,Xuhui B,Larva T,Immler S

更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Induced defences are a typical case of phenotypic plasticity, involving benefits for 'plastic' phenotypes under environments with variable degree of stress. Defence induction, in turn, could be energetically expensive incurring costs on growth and reproduction. In this study, we investigated the genetic variation and ...

journal_title：Journal of evolutionary biology

authors： Castañeda LE,Figueroa CC,Nespolo RF

更新日期：2010-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Knowledge on interspecific pre- and post-zygotic isolation mechanisms provides insights into speciation patterns. Using crosses (F(1) and backcrosses) of two closely related flea beetles species, Altica fragariae and A. viridicyanea, specialized on different hosts in sympatry, we measured: (a) the type of reproductive...

journal_title：Journal of evolutionary biology

authors： Xue HJ,Magalhães S,Li WZ,Yang XK

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Positive correlations between heterozygosity and fitness traits are frequently observed, and it has been hypothesized, but rarely tested experimentally, that parasites play a key role in mediating the heterozygosity-fitness association. We evaluated this hypothesis in a wild great tit (Parus major) population by testi...

journal_title：Journal of evolutionary biology

authors： Voegeli B,Saladin V,Wegmann M,Richner H

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examine the extent to which phylogenetic effects and ecology are associated with macroevolutionary patterns of phytochemical defense production across the Mimulus phylogeny. We grew plants from 21 species representing the five major sections of the Mimulus phylogeny in a common garden to assess how the arsenals (NM...

journal_title：Journal of evolutionary biology

authors： Holeski LM,Keefover-Ring K,Sobel JM,Kooyers NJ

更新日期：2021-01-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Evolutionary theory predicts that selection will favour sperm traits that maximize fertilization success in local fertilization environments. In externally fertilizing species, osmolality of the fertilization medium is known to play a critical role in activating sperm motility, but there remains limited evidence for a...

journal_title：Journal of evolutionary biology

authors： Byrne PG,Dunne C,Munn AJ,Silla AJ

更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has often been argued that evolutionary diversification is the result of divergent natural selection for specialization on alternative resources. I provide a comprehensive review of experiments that examine the ecology and genetics of resource specialization and adaptive radiation in microbial microcosms. In these ...

journal_title：Journal of evolutionary biology

authors： MacLean RC

更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Little is known about how inbreeding alters selection on ecologically relevant traits. Inbreeding could affect selection by changing the distribution of traits and/or fitness, or by changing the causal effect of traits on fitness. Here, I test whether selection on egg size varies with the degree of inbreeding in the s...

journal_title：Journal of evolutionary biology

authors： Fox CW

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Life history theory predicts that mothers should trade off current and future reproductive attempts to maximize lifetime fitness. When breeding conditions are favourable, mothers may either increase investment in the eggs to improve the quality of the offspring or save resources for future reproduction as the good rai...

journal_title：Journal of evolutionary biology

authors： Canestrari D,Marcos JM,Baglione V

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In Drosophila melanogaster, mating radically transforms female physiology and behaviour. Post-mating responses include an increase in the oviposition rate, a reduction in female receptivity and an activation of the immune system. The fitness consequences of mating are similarly dramatic--females must mate once in orde...

journal_title：Journal of evolutionary biology

authors： Innocenti P,Morrow EH

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genetic diversity and spatial structure of populations are important for antagonistic coevolution. We investigated genetic variation and population structure of three closely related European ant species: the social parasite Harpagoxenus sublaevis and its two host species Leptothorax acervorum and Leptothorax muscorum...

journal_title：Journal of evolutionary biology

authors： Foitzik S,Bauer S,Laurent S,Pennings PS

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Queen pheromones are among the most important chemical messages regulating insect societies yet they remain largely undiscovered, hindering research into interesting proximate and ultimate questions. Identifying queen pheromones in multiple species would give new insight into the selective pressures and evolutionary c...

journal_title：Journal of evolutionary biology

authors： Holman L,Lanfear R,d'Ettorre P

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Reproductive division of labour is a defining feature of insect societies. Stingless bees (Meliponini) are an interesting exception among the highly eusocial insects in that workers of many species contribute significantly to the production of males. Since workers remain sterile in other species of this large tropical...

journal_title：Journal of evolutionary biology

authors： Grüter C

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phylogeny of the butterfly genera Araschnia, Mynes, Symbrenthia and Brensymthia (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Nymphalini) is reconstructed, based on 140 morphological and ecological characters. The resulting tree shows that Araschnia is a sister group of the clade including Symbrenthia, Mynes and Brensymthia (Symbrenthia...

journal_title：Journal of evolutionary biology

authors： Fric Z,Konvicka M,Zrzavy J

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In cooperative breeding vertebrates, indirect fitness benefits would be maximized by subordinates that accurately assess their relatedness to group offspring and preferentially help more closely related kin. In the Seychelles warbler (Acrocephalus sechellensis), we found a positive relationship between subordinate-nes...

journal_title：Journal of evolutionary biology

authors： Richardson DS,Burke T,Komdeurs J

更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sexual differences are often dramatic and widespread across taxa. Their extravagance and ubiquity can be puzzling because the common underlying genome of males and females is expected to impede rather than foster phenotypic divergence. Widespread dimorphism, despite a shared genome, may be more readily explained by co...

journal_title：Journal of evolutionary biology

authors： Wyman MJ,Stinchcombe JR,Rowe L

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The rapid evolutionary divergence of male genital structures under sexual selection is well documented. However, variation in female genital traits and the potential for sexual conflict to drive the coevolution between male and female traits has only recently received attention. In many lepidopterans, females possess ...

journal_title：Journal of evolutionary biology

authors： McNamara KB,Dougherty LR,Wedell N,Simmons LW

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The evolution of multicellularity is a major transition that is not yet fully understood. Specifically, we do not know whether there are any mechanisms by which multicellularity can be maintained without a single-cell bottleneck or other relatedness-enhancing mechanisms. Under low relatedness, cheaters can evolve that...

journal_title：Journal of evolutionary biology

authors： Levin SR,Brock DA,Queller DC,Strassmann JE

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Which conditions favour the evolution of hermaphroditism or separate sexes? One classical hypothesis states that an organism's mode of locomotion (if any) when searching for a mate should influence breeding system evolution. We used published phylogenies to reconstruct evolutionary changes in adult mate-search efficie...

journal_title：Journal of evolutionary biology

authors： Eppley SM,Jesson LK

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Most ectotherms follow a pattern of size plasticity known as the temperature-size rule where individuals reared in cold environments are larger at maturation than those reared in warm environments. This pattern seems maladaptive because growth is slower in the cold so it takes longer to reach a large size. However, it...

journal_title：Journal of evolutionary biology

authors： Arendt J

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Host-associated differentiation (HAD) is considered a step towards ecological speciation and an important mechanism promoting diversification in phytophagous insects. Although the number of documented cases of HAD is increasing, these still represent only a small fraction of species and feeding guilds among phytophago...

journal_title：Journal of evolutionary biology

authors： Dorchin N,Scott ER,Clarkin CE,Luongo MP,Jordan S,Abrahamson WG

更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is considerable evidence for an adaptive role of inversions, but how their genetic content evolves and affects the subsequent evolution of chromosomal polymorphism remains controversial. Here, we track how life-history traits, chromosomal arrangements and 22 microsatellites, within and outside inversions, change...

journal_title：Journal of evolutionary biology

authors： Santos J,Pascual M,Fragata I,Simões P,Santos MA,Lima M,Marques A,Lopes-Cunha M,Kellen B,Balanyà J,Rose MR,Matos M

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The North Pacific Ocean has been of great significance to understanding biogeography and speciation in temperate faunas, including for two species of char (Salmonidae: Salvelinus) whose evolutionary relationship has been controversial. We examined the morphology and genetics (microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA) of A...

journal_title：Journal of evolutionary biology

authors： Taylor EB,Lowery E,Lilliestråle A,Elz A,Quinn TP

更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00