Epidemiology and etiology of Alzheimer's disease: from genetic to non-genetic factors.

abstract：BACKGROUND:Increasing basic science and clinical evidence implicates inflammatory processes and resulting glial activation in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease. Excess TNF-alpha, a cytokine with pleotropic effects in the CNS, has been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of AD. In addition to its pro-infl...

journal_title：Current Alzheimer research

authors： Tobinick E

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Early diagnosis of Alzheimer`s disease (AD) is currently difficult and involves a complex approach including clinical assessment, neuroimaging, and measurement of amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). A better mechanistic understanding is needed to develop more accurate and even presymptomatic di...

journal_title：Current Alzheimer research

authors： Skachokova Z,Sprenger F,Breu K,Abramowski D,Clavaguera F,Hench J,Staufenbiel M,Tolnay M,Winkler DT

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:When Alzheimer's disease (AD) progresses, several pathological features arise including accumulation of misfolded protein aggregates [e.g., amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques], metal ion dyshomeostasis, and oxidative stress. These characteristics are recently suggested to be interconnected through a potential factor, metal-associ...

journal_title：Current Alzheimer research

authors： Kochi A,Lee HJ,Vithanarachchi SM,Padmini V,Allen MJ,Lim MH

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a multi-factorial etiology that is not completely understood. Donepezil is a first-line acetylcholinesterase inhibitor used for the treatment of AD that has been found, in addition to its potent acetylcholinesterase inhibitory ...

journal_title：Current Alzheimer research

authors： Wan L,Lu J,Fu J,Huang J,Yang Q,Xin B,Chen L,Huo Y,Zhong Y,Guo C

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A crucial need exists for reliable Alzheimer's disease (AD) diagnostic and prognostic tests. Given its intimate communication with the brain, the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) has been surveyed intensively for reliable AD biomarkers. The heterogeneity of AD pathology and the unavoidable difficulties associated with the cl...

journal_title：Current Alzheimer research

authors： Maarouf CL,Andacht TM,Kokjohn TA,Castaño EM,Sue LI,Beach TG,Roher AE

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The field of aging and dementia research is advancing rapidly toward the stage of earlier identification of clinical symptoms. Ultimately, clinicians would like to be able to identify individuals who are asymptomatic but at risk for developing dementia. In the interim, the construct of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) ...

journal_title：Current Alzheimer research

authors： Petersen RC

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Changes in rRNA and rDNA expression have been associated with cellular and organism aging and have been linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. In this study, we investigated the mRNA expression of ribosomal genes (28S/18S) and β-amyloid precursor protein (APP) in different post mortem brain tissue regions (t...

journal_title：Current Alzheimer research

authors： Rasmussen L,de Labio RW,Viani GA,Chen E,Villares J,Bertolucci PH,Minett TS,Turecki G,Cecyre D,Drigo SA,Smith MC,Payao SL

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by extracellular amyloid plaque and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain. Studies have shown that neurons are able to re-enter the cell cycle, but not enough to enable full replication. This leads to cell death and consequent neurodegener...

journal_title：Current Alzheimer research

authors： Fukasawa JT,de Labio RW,Rasmussen LT,de Oliveira LC,Chen E,Villares J,Tureck G,de Arruda C Smith M,Payao SLM

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutations in the presenilin genes cause the majority of early-onset familial Alzheimer’s disease. Recently, presenilin mutations have been identified in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), a common cause of heart failure and the most prevalent diagnosis in cardiac transplantation patients. However, the molecul...

journal_title：Current Alzheimer research

authors： Li A,Zhou C,Moore J,Zhang P,Tsai TH,Lee HC,Romano DM,McKee ML,Schoenfeld DA,Serra MJ,Raygor K,Cantiello HF,Fujimoto JG,Tanzi RE

更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common age-related neurodegenerative disorder among the elderly. Nmethyl- D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) overactivation has been implicated in early synaptic dysfunction that precedes late neurodegeneration in AD. Moreover, oligomers of amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ) 1-42 are considered t...

journal_title：Current Alzheimer research

authors： Mota SI,Ferreira IL,Pereira C,Oliveira CR,Rego AC

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:High levels of cholesterol have been proposed as a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). Polymorphism of genes encoding proteins that regulate cholesterol metabolism have also been associated with the frequency of Alzheimer's development. Some studies have shown that cholesterol-lowering drugs reduce the frequency...

journal_title：Current Alzheimer research

authors： Vestergaard M,Hamada T,Morita M,Takagi M

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) test has high sensitivity and specificity for detecting mild cognitive impairment or early dementia. How the MoCA score relates to findings of positron emission tomography imaging, however, remains unclear. OBJECTIVE:This prospective study examined the relationship b...

journal_title：Current Alzheimer research

authors： Eguchi A,Kimura N,Aso Y,Yabuuchi K,Ishibashi M,Hori D,Sasaki Y,Nakamichi A,Uesugi S,Jikumaru M,Sumi K,Shimomura T,Matsubara E

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A significant body of evidence has accumulated suggesting that individual variation in intellectual ability, whether assessed directly by intelligence tests or indirectly through proxy measures, is related to risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) in later life. Important questions remain unanswered, however, suc...

journal_title：Current Alzheimer research

authors： Yeo RA,Arden R,Jung RE

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease in the growing population of elderly people. A characteristic of AD is the accumulation of plaques in the brain of AD patients, and theses plaques mainly consist of aggregates of amyloid beta-peptide (Abeta). All converging lines of evidence sugg...

journal_title：Current Alzheimer research

authors： Cerpa W,Dinamarca MC,Inestrosa NC

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) plays a crucial physiological role in termination of impulse transmission at cholinergic synapses through rapid hydrolysis of acetylcholine. In addition, it was implicated in amyloid plaque formation, a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and most of the drugs used in AD treatment are ACh...

journal_title：Current Alzheimer research

authors： Hasin Y,Avidan N,Bercovich D,Korczyn AD,Silman I,Beckmann JS,Sussman JL

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CATIE-AD was a multicenter effectiveness trial of atypical antipsychotics in patients with agitation and psychosis associated with AD who resided in the community. The study enrolled 421 participants. In this paper we present and discuss baseline characteristics of participants (demographics, cognitive, behavioral, an...

journal_title：Current Alzheimer research

authors： Ismail MS,Dagerman K,Tariot PN,Abbott S,Kavanagh S,Schneider LS

更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale - cognitive subscale (ADAS-cog) is the most widely used cognitive outcome measure in AD trials. Although errors in administration and scoring have been suggested as factors masking accurate estimates and potential effects of treatments, there have been few formal exam...

journal_title：Current Alzheimer research

authors： Schafer K,De Santi S,Schneider LS

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Accumulating evidence has suggested the involvement of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD).The main endogenousantioxidant,glutathione (GSH),has been shown to decline with ageing and in several age-related degenerative diseases, including AD. Potential options for replenishing GSH levels as...

journal_title：Current Alzheimer research

authors： Braidy N,Zarka M,Welch J,Bridge W

更新日期：2015-03-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Differential diagnosis of AD is still a challenge due to overlapping features with other types of dementia. Biomarkers for the differential diagnosis of AD can improve the diagnostic value of the disease and ensure an appropriate treatment of patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of two neo-epi...

journal_title：Current Alzheimer research

authors： Inekci D,Henriksen K,Linemann T,Karsdal MA,Habib A,Bisgaard C,Eriksen FB,Vilholm OJ

更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a nosological entity associated with a higher risk of developing dementia. Previous evidence indicates that behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSDs) frequently occur in individuals of MCI. These neuropsychiatric manifestations may predict conversion to dementia. Howe...

journal_title：Current Alzheimer research

authors： Köhler CA,Magalhaes TF,Oliveira JM,Alves GS,Knochel C,Oertel-Knöchel V,Pantel J,Carvalho AF

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:From a clinical as well as a neuropathological point of view Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been the focus of intense research for more than three decades. Most studies to identify morphometric correlates with the declining cognitive function in normal aging and AD have employed semi-quantitative methods to assess neuro...

journal_title：Current Alzheimer research

authors： Stark AK,Pelvig DP,Jørgensen AM,Andersen BB,Pakkenberg B

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The currently available experimental data supports the hypothesis that the neuroprotective effect of dimebon is related to the protection of the brain-mitochondria from neurodegeneration. In this study, the influence of dimebon on mitochondria was investigated to gain a better understanding of the neuroprotective effe...

journal_title：Current Alzheimer research

authors： Shevtsova EF,Vinogradova DV,Kireeva EG,Reddy VP,Aliev G,Bachurin SO

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Features of autoimmunity have been associated with both Alzheimer's disease (AD) and with diabetes. In both diseases high levels of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and their receptor (RAGE) have been detected in tissues and in the circulation. In addition high titers of antibodies directed against a RAGE-like p...

journal_title：Current Alzheimer research

authors： Mruthinti S,Schade RF,Harrell DU,Gulati NK,Swamy-Mruthinti S,Lee GP,Buccafusco JJ

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aetiology of major neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) is still unknown, but increasing evidences suggest that glutamate and mitochondria are two prominent players in the oxidative stress (OS) process that underlie these illnesses. Although AD and PD have distin...

journal_title：Current Alzheimer research

authors： Cassano T,Pace L,Bedse G,Lavecchia AM,De Marco F,Gaetani S,Serviddio G

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Down syndrome (DS) is the most common non-lethal genetic condition that affects approximately 1 in 700 births in the United States of America. DS is characterized by complete or segmental chromosome 21 trisomy, which leads to variable intellectual disabilities, progressive memory loss, and accelerated neurodegeneratio...

journal_title：Current Alzheimer research

authors： Hamlett ED,Boger HA,Ledreux A,Kelley CM,Mufson EJ,Falangola MF,Guilfoyle DN,Nixon RA,Patterson D,Duval N,Granholm AC

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease featured by memory loss, neuroinflammation and oxidative stress. Overproduction or insufficient clearance of Aβ leads to its pathological aggregation and deposition, which is considered the predominant neuropathological hallmark of AD. Therefore, reduci...

journal_title：Current Alzheimer research

authors： Liu SY,Lu S,Yu XL,Yang SG,Liu W,Liu XM,Wang SW,Zhu J,Ji M,Liu DQ,Zhang ZP,Liu RT

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:There is a growing body of pre-clinical evidence suggesting that lithium (Li) may protect neurons from a range of neurotoxic insults, hence the term neuroprotective effects. Does Li have similar effects also in human subjects? METHODS:We reviewed the neuroimaging literature investigating the association bet...

journal_title：Current Alzheimer research

authors： Hajek T,Weiner MW

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite the known validity of clinical diagnostic criteria, significant overlap of clinical symptoms between Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) subtypes exists in several cases, resulting in great uncertainty of the diagnostic boundaries. We evaluated the perfusion between FTD subtypes using brain perfusion (99m)Tc-HMPAO S...

journal_title：Current Alzheimer research

authors： Valotassiou V,Papatriantafyllou J,Sifakis N,Tzavara C,Tsougos I,Psimadas D,Kapsalaki E,Fezoulidis I,Hadjigeorgiou G,Georgoulias P

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is currently the most prominent form of dementia among the elderly. Although AD manifests in late adult life, it is not clear when the disease actually starts and how long the neuropathological processes take to develop AD. The major unresolved question is the timing and the nature of triggeri...

journal_title：Current Alzheimer research

authors： Lahiri DK,Maloney B,Basha MR,Ge YW,Zawia NH

更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) is highly expressed throughout the forebrain and hippocampus. Several lines of evidence support the role of this receptor in brain development and developmental disorders, as well as in neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's disease (AD). In the present study, the expre...

journal_title：Current Alzheimer research

authors： Iyer AM,van Scheppingen J,Milenkovic I,Anink JJ,Lim D,Genazzani AA,Adle-Biassette H,Kovacs GG,Aronica E

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00