Abstract：
:A simple method for quantification of contrast in a fingerprint is proposed. Contrast is defined as the average difference in intensity of pixels between valleys and ridges in a fingerprint. It is quantified from a scanner-acquired image of the fingerprint using a histogram function of Adobe Photoshop. The method was validated with black inked prints and marks developed with aluminum powder. Moreover, we tested resistance of the method to rater-dependent errors and dependence of the measurements on the resolution of an image and the model of the scanner. For both groups of fingerprints, the method gave coherent and easily interpretable quantitative values for contrast. There were no significant differences between measurements performed by different raters and by the same rater in a test-retest procedure. However, the method was found to be instrument dependent, as measurements were significantly affected by image resolution and the model of the scanner.
journal_name
J Forensic Scijournal_title
Journal of forensic sciencesauthors
Matuszewski S,Szafałowicz Mdoi
10.1111/1556-4029.12224subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-09-01 00:00:00pages
1310-3issue
5eissn
0022-1198issn
1556-4029journal_volume
58pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Examination of the female external genitalia to assess for sexual abuse is performed in living individuals, and the interpretation of the findings is based on evidence-based studies. However, in the deceased, no such studies are available, and postmortem changes could present as suspicious findings that can be mistake...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1556-4029.14462
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In Italy, the "silent-consent" principle of donor's willingness regulates organ donation for postmortem transplantation, but civil incompetence excludes it. We investigated decisional capacity for organ donation for transplantation of 30 controls and 30 nonincompetent patients with schizophrenia as related to clinical...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1556-4029.2010.01364.x
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have studied the degradation of sebaceous fingerprints on brass surfaces using silver electroless deposition (SED) as a visualization technique. We have stored fingerprints on brass squares either (i) in a locked dark cupboard or (ii) in glass-filtered natural daylight for periods of 3 h, 24 h, 1 week, 3 weeks, and...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1556-4029.12524
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Opium is the raw material for the production of heroin, and the characterization of opium seizures through laboratory analysis is a valuable tool for law enforcement agencies to trace clandestine opium production and trafficking. In this work, a method for opium profiling based on the relative content of five principa...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1556-4029.13190
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A rapid, accurate, precise, reproducible, economical, and environmentally gentle method using capillary electrophoresis (CE) is presented for the routine analysis of methamphetamine, amphetamine, MDA, MDMA, MDEA, and cocaine in seized drugs. The methodology uses a 32 cm by 50 microm capillary (length to detector 23.5 ...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study introduces a new method of determining sex based on four morphological features of the posterior, distal humerus. The technique was developed on a 20th century anatomy series, the University of Toronto Grant Skeletal Collection, and was tested on 35 known individuals from the University of New Mexico Docume...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purposes of this article are to report experimental findings and to validate prior selected studies that examined handwriting comparisons and alcohol consumption. Subjects who participated in this experiment were given handwriting testing forms which were completed at assigned intervals throughout the testing peri...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A sample of 31 criminal defendants who were charged with murder but without major mental disorder was studied. The sample was derived from a large urban multi-ethnic, multi-cultural community pool. Subject characteristics and information about the homicide and decedents are described. Suggestions for further study are...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Little is known about to what extent the events surrounding death can be reliably reconstructed from blunt force trauma analysis alone. In this study, we reconstruct circumstances of death from a blind blunt force trauma analysis using a sample of 21 individuals of known death circumstances, obtained from two identifi...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1556-4029.13128
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Detection of ketamine exposure in skeletal tissues by automated enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and gas chromatography with electron capture detection (GC-ECD) is described. Rats (n = 18) received 0, 15, 30, or 75 mg/kg ketamine hydrochloride acutely (i.p.), and were euthanized within 15 min or 1 h. Ketamine...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1556-4029.2008.00866.x
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The reliability of a D1S80 typing procedure has been evaluated using simulated forensic specimens. D1S80 alleles were detectable in DNA recovered from bloodstains exposed to sunlight for up to 20 weeks. However, D1S80 alleles were undetectable in semen stains after six weeks sunlight exposure. Analysis of blood and se...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The U.S. agricultural sector is vulnerable to intentionally introduced microbial threats because of its wide and open distribution and economic importance. To investigate such events, forensically valid assays for plant pathogen detection are needed. In this work, real-time PCR assays were developed for three model pl...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1556-4029.12321
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Postmortem blood and liver concentrations of clomipramine were determined in ten cases by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Blood concentrations ranged from 0.21 to 4.9 mg/L, and liver concentrations from 7.0 to 320 mg/kg. Two cases associated with clomipramine toxicity were clearly differentiated from ot...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Genetic information in forensic studies is largely limited to CODIS data and the ability to match samples and assign them to an individual. However, there are circumstances, in which a given DNA sample does not match anyone in the CODIS database, and no other information about the donor is available. In this study, we...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1556-4029.2009.01317.x
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Computer methods have been developed for mathematically interpreting mixed and low-template DNA. The genotype modeling approach computationally separates out the contributors to a mixture, with uncertainty represented through probability. Comparison of inferred genotypes calculates a likelihood ratio (LR), which measu...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/1556-4029.12788
更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This retrospective study examined population demographics associated with motor vehicle collision (MVC) fatalities over a 5-year period in the Hamilton-Wentworth Niagara region. Variables were drawn from the five factors proposed by Fierro (1) for investigating deaths caused by transportation: human, chemical, environ...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1556-4029.2008.00723.x
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Venous air embolism (VAE) is an often occurring forensic finding in cases of injury to the head and neck. Whenever found, it has to be appraised in its relation to the cause of death. While visualization and quantification is difficult at traditional autopsy, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Computed Tomography (C...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the summer of 1984, police in Pinellas County, Florida, confiscated six identically colored imported Asian skulls (in a shipping case) from a private citizen. In May 1988, in nearby Hillsborough County, police confiscated a very similar skull from another private citizen, who allegedly had found it in an abandoned ...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The importance of forensic age estimation in living subjects has grown over the last few years. In dental age estimation, tooth eruption is a parameter of developmental morphology that can be analyzed by either clinical examination or by evaluation of dental X-rays. In the present study, we determined the stage of wis...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1556-4029.2007.00534.x
更新日期：2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A quantification of T1, T2, and PD in high isotropic resolution was performed on corpses. Isotropic and quantified postmortem magnetic resonance (IQpmMR) enables sophisticated 3D postprocessing, such as reformatting and volume rendering. The body tissues can be characterized by the combination of these three values. T...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1556-4029.2010.01547.x
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:At the turn of the millennium, the authors summarize the evolution of a clinician's duty to protect third persons from a patient's violent acts over the past half century, with special emphasis on jurisprudential developments in the last decade. Four evolutionary periods are identified: Pre-Tarasoff, Inception, Divers...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The association between perpetration of sexual abuse and the offender's own victimization as a child has been well documented in the literature. Various researchers have examined this relationship by assessing the exclusiveness of the sexual abuser's behavior, the gender of his victims and the gender of his own childh...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antisocial personality is a problem-filled diagnosis. Even when diagnosed according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) II manual, it was replete with value laden terminology. DSM III makes repeated criminal behavior central and includes a list of other behaviors that do not always truly...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Literature regarding bone color is limited to determining location of primary and secondary dispositions. This research is the first to use bone color to interpret the sequence of events surrounding body disposition. Two scenarios were compared-bones buried and then exposed on the ground surface and bones exposed then...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1556-4029.2009.01086.x
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The sale of fraudulent oriental ceramics constitutes a large proportion of the illegal artifact and antique trade and threatens to undermine the legitimate international market. The sophistication and skill of forgers has reached a level where, using traditional appraisal by eye and hand, even the most experienced spe...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1556-4029.2006.00364.x
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As issues of professional standards and error rates continue to be addressed in the courts, forensic anthropologists should be proactive by developing and adhering to professional standards of best practice. There has been recent increased awareness and interest in critically assessing some of the techniques used by f...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1556-4029.2009.01176.x
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Postmortem computed tomography (pmCT) and pmCT angiography (pmCTA) provide a minimally invasive method to determine the cause of death. Postmortem image-guided biopsy allows for precise sampling of histological specimens. This case study describes the findings of lethal systemic fat embolism (FE) on whole-body unenhan...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1556-4029.2012.02144.x
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A 5-year study of a busy ski population in Utah revealed a total at-risk period of approximately 3.5 million skier-days. While the morbidity (fractures, strains, sprains, and occasionally more severe injuries) associated with skiing is well recognized and considered by most physicians concerned to be distributed somew...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the last 15 years, the US Supreme Court has implemented major changes concerning the admittance of expert testimony. In 1993, Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals superseded the Frye ruling in federal courts and established judges, not the scientific community, as the gatekeepers regarding the credibility of scie...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1556-4029.2008.00771.x
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study describes the testing performed by the Minnesota Forensic Science Laboratory (MFSL) to validate the Amplitype DQA1 and Amplitype Polymarker (PM) PCR Amplification and Typing Kits before implementation for casework. All studies were based on the analysis of mock forensic case samples, which were assembled fr...
journal_title：Journal of forensic sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
