Abstract：
PURPOSE:To document the cyclovertical ocular motor mechanism used for vertical fusion in healthy subjects, and to explore whether vertical vergence training in healthy individuals can produce objectively confirmed vertical deviations that change with head tilt, revealing a basic mechanism that can produce a pattern of misalignment in an otherwise normal ocular motor system that is similar to superior oblique muscle paresis (SOP). METHODS:Seven subjects with normal orthoptic examinations were adapted to vertical image disparities using our tilting haploscopic eye-tracking apparatus presenting concentric circle targets without torsional cues. Static eye positions were recorded with head straight and when tilted 45 degrees to the left and right, during both binocular and monocular viewing. RESULTS:Vertical fusional vergence was accompanied by a cycloversion, with the downward-moving eye intorting and the upward-moving eye extorting, implicating primary involvement of the oblique extraocular muscles. After adaptation to the slowly increasing vertical target separation, all subjects developed a temporary vertical deviation in the straight ahead position that increased with head tilt to one side and decreased with head tilt to the other side. CONCLUSIONS:These results not only show that head-tilt-dependent changes in vertical deviation are not necessarily pathognomonic for SOP, but also, and more importantly, suggest mechanisms that can mimic SOP and suggest a possible role for vertical vergence training in reducing deviations and thus the amount of head tilt required for fusion. Ultimately, vertical vergence training may provide an adjunct or alternative to extraocular muscle surgery in selected cases.
journal_name
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Scijournal_title
Investigative ophthalmology & visual scienceauthors
Irsch K,Guyton DL,Ramey NA,Adyanthaya RS,Ying HSdoi
10.1167/iovs.12-11368subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-05-03 00:00:00pages
3108-14issue
5eissn
0146-0404issn
1552-5783pii
iovs.12-11368journal_volume
54pub_type
杂志文章abstract：PURPOSE:To visualize changes in deep optic nerve head (ONH) structures following glaucoma surgery using (3-dimensional [3D]) swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) and to determine the clinical and structural factors associated with postoperative lamina cribrosa (LC) and prelaminar neural tissue (PLT) chang...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.13-11897
更新日期：2014-01-23 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Melanocyte is the major cell component in the uvea. Interleukin (IL)-6 is a proinflammatory cytokine. The authors studied the expression of IL-6 in cultured human uveal melanocytes (UMs) and their modulation by IL-1β and explored the relevant signal pathways. METHODS:Conditioned media and cells were collected ...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.10-6908
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this study was to demonstrate the efficacy of the digital fluoroscopy system (DFS) for the in vivo assessment of pharmacologically induced posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) and vitreous liquefaction in a rabbit model. METHODS:Twenty eyes from 10 New Zealand white rabbits were divided into 5 gr...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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abstract：PURPOSE:To describe the variation in ocular biometry in adult Chinese individuals in Singapore. METHODS:This study was a population-based, cross-sectional survey of adult Chinese persons aged 40 to 81 years residing in Tanjong Pagar district, Singapore. Axial ocular dimensions, including axial length (AL), anterior ch...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Although the presence of IgG autoantibodies in the vitreous of spontaneous cases of equine recurrent uveitis (ERU) has been demonstrated, the potential role of IgM reactivities during ERU pathogenesis remains unexplored. The purpose of this study was to examine the presence of IgM autoantibodies in vitreous spe...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.11-8734
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.14-14439
更新日期：2014-10-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Interocular differences in apparent size (aniseikonia) are typically associated with interocular differences in refractive error (anisometropia). Aniseikonia is generally thought to reflect disparities in retinal image size that often accompany anisometropia. This assumption was examined with seven highly anisometropi...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Light reflected from 50 micrometer diameter spots on the fundi of two adult rhesus monkeys was measured as a function of wavelength in 10 nm jumps from 400 to 900 nm. The areas measured were a retinal artery and vein, areas of the disk, macula, and retina devoid of visible blood vessels, and the foveola. The eyes of t...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1978-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Linear nonperforating incisions were made in the corneas of 2-week-old and 2-year-old rabbits. The resulting wounds were examined by light microscopy and transmission and scanning electron microscopy. A corneal incision of a 2-week-old rabbit produced a wide gaping wound caused by retraction of the cut stromal lamella...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1982-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To determine the effect of macrophage depletion on herpes simplex virus type (HAV)-1 replication in the eye and on the establishment of latency in trigeminal ganglia (TG) of immunized and ocularly infected mice. METHODS:BALB/c mice were immunized with five HSV-1 glycoprotein DNA genes or were sham immunized. T...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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doi：10.1167/iovs.07-0894
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.15-17107
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.06-0781
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To compare the diagnostic value of Bruch's membrane opening minimum rim width (BMO-MRW) and retinal nerve fiber layer thickness (RNFLT) in patients with ocular hypertension, preperimetric, and perimetric glaucoma. METHODS:One hundred eighty-one eyes consisting of 40 healthy controls, 41 ocular hypertensive sub...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1167/iovs.15-18906
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.04-1482
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.09-3460
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
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更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1982-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Alkali burning of the rabbit cornea is a well-established model for the study of anterior surface inflammation, neovascularization, and wound-healing processes. 12-hydroxyeicosanoids have been implicated as mediators of such responses. 12(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12[S]-HETE) is a lipoxygenase-derived ar...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To determine the role of connexin43 (Cx43) and gap junctional intercellular communication (GJIC) in the response of the human retinal pigment epithelial cell line ARPE-19 to oxidative stress. METHODS:ARPE-19 cells were treated with the chemical oxidant tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BOOH), and cell viability was ...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
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更新日期：2014-07-11 00:00:00
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.03-0602
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The entoptic phenomenon by which one can observe leukocytes flowing in one's own parafoveal capillaries has been used to study the effect of changes in perfusion pressure on blood flow. Our measurements in humans with normal ocular fundi indicate that the retinal circulation of the parafovea is autoregulated in relati...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1977-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Reaching a consensus in terms of interchangeability and utility (i.e., disease detection/monitoring) of a medical device is the eventual aim of repeatability and agreement studies. The aim of the tolerance and relative utility indices described in this report is to provide a methodology to compare change in clinical m...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.14-16091
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
