Abstract：
:The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a cell-signaling system that detects the accumulation of unfolded protein within the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and initiates a number of cellular responses to restore ER homeostasis. The presence of unfolded protein is detected by the ER-luminal sensor domains of the three UPR-transducer proteins IRE1, PERK, and ATF6, which then propagate the signal to the cytosol. In this review, we discuss the various mechanisms of action that have been proposed on how the sensor domains detect the presence of unfolded protein to activate downstream UPR signaling.
journal_name
Int J Mol Scijournal_title
International journal of molecular sciencesauthors
Carrara M,Prischi F,Ali MMdoi
10.3390/ijms14036454subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-03-21 00:00:00pages
6454-66issue
3issn
1422-0067pii
ijms14036454journal_volume
14pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Macrophages can polarize into two different states (M1 and M2), which play contrasting roles during pathogenesis or tissue damage. M1 polarized macrophages produce pro-inflammatory cytokines and mediators resulting in inflammation, while M2 macrophages have an anti-inflammatory effect. Secretion of appropriate cytokin...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms19082208
更新日期：2018-07-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Hederagenin (He) is a novel triterpene template for the development of new antitumor compounds. In this study, 26 new He⁻pyrazine derivatives were synthetized in an attempt to develop potent antitumor agents; they were screened for in vitro cytotoxicity against tumor and non-tumor cell lines. The majority of these der...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms19102994
更新日期：2018-09-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Endocannabinoids including anandamide and 2-arachidonoylglycerol are involved in cancer pathophysiology in several ways, including tumor growth and progression, peritumoral inflammation, nausea and cancer pain. Recently we showed that the endocannabinoid profiles are deranged during cancer to an extent that this manif...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms17020230
更新日期：2016-02-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is a leading genetic disorder of intellectual disability caused by the loss of the functional fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP). To date, there is no efficacious mechanism-based medication for FXS. With regard to potential disease mechanisms in FXS, it is widely accepted that the lac...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21239327
更新日期：2020-12-07 00:00:00
abstract：:The development of new therapeutic options against Clostridioides difficile (C. difficile) infection is a critical public health concern, as the causative bacterium is highly resistant to multiple classes of antibiotics. Antimicrobial host-defense peptides (HDPs) are highly effective at simultaneously modulating the i...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20215289
更新日期：2019-10-24 00:00:00
abstract：:Alterations to the programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) pathway were previously shown to be involved in a poorer prognosis for patients with proliferative glomerulonephritis (PGN). Here, we investigated the association between several infectious agents and the expression of PD-1 and its ligand (PD-L1) on T and B lym...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21218001
更新日期：2020-10-27 00:00:00
abstract：:A unique feature of bioactive food ingredients is their broad antioxidant function. Antioxidants having a wide spectrum of chemical structure and activity beyond basic nutrition; display different health benefits by the prevention and progression of chronic diseases. Functional food components are capable of enhancing...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms18102050
更新日期：2017-09-25 00:00:00
abstract：:The voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), a highly conserved major mitochondrial outer membrane protein, plays crucial roles in energy metabolism and metabolite transport. However, knowledge about the roles of the VDAC family in plants is limited. In this study, we investigated the expression pattern of VDAC1 in Ara...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms14010701
更新日期：2013-01-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a predictor of cardiovascular diseases, commonly associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. However, the pathogenic mechanisms are not yet fully elucidated. The aim of the study is to evaluate the oxidative status and inflammation in the heart of obese Zucker rats (OZRs) and lean Z...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21062035
更新日期：2020-03-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Cannabidiol (CBD) is known for its vasorelaxant (including in the human pulmonary artery), anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of our study was to examine the potential preventive effect of chronic CBD administration (10 mg/kg/day for three weeks) on monocrotaline (MCT)-induced pulmonary hyper...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21197077
更新日期：2020-09-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Polyphenolic compounds contained in cherry extract (CE) are well known for their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Unfortunately, most of these natural compounds have low oral bioavailability, reducing their widespread use. Here, different concentrations of polyphenol-rich CE from Tuscany (Italy), encapsul...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20071759
更新日期：2019-04-10 00:00:00
abstract：:For patients with end-stage renal disease requiring hemodialysis, their vascular access is both their lifeline and their Achilles heel. Despite being recommended as primary vascular access, the arteriovenous fistula (AVF) shows sub-optimal results, with about 50% of patients needing a revision during the year followin...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms20215387
更新日期：2019-10-29 00:00:00
abstract：:Hepatocytes are key players in the innate immune response to liver pathogens but are challenging to study because of inaccessibility and a short half-life. Recent advances in in vitro differentiation of hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) facilitated studies of hepatocyte-pathogen interactions. Here, we aimed to define the a...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21113831
更新日期：2020-05-28 00:00:00
abstract：:Intra-articular injection of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been established as a suitable treatment for knee osteoarthritis. Here, we present a double-blind randomized controlled clinical trial, conducted in a public Hospital of the Spanish National Health Care System, to evaluate the efficacy of injecting autologous...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.3390/ijms17071064
更新日期：2016-07-02 00:00:00
abstract：:Awns, which are either bristles or hair-like outgrowths of lemmas in the florets, are one of the typical morphological characteristics of grass species. These stiff structures contribute to grain dispersal and burial and fend off animal predators. However, their phenotypic and genetic associations with traits deciding...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms21207593
更新日期：2020-10-14 00:00:00
abstract：:The members of the Burkholderia genus are characterized by high versatility and adaptability to various ecological niches. With the availability of the genome sequences of numerous species of Burkholderia, many studies have been conducted to elucidate the unique features of this exceptional group of bacteria. Genomic ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms20010121
更新日期：2018-12-29 00:00:00
abstract：:Chromosomal rearrangements of the mixed lineage leukaemia (MLL, also known as KMT2A) gene on chromosome 11q23 are amongst the most common genetic abnormalities observed in human acute leukaemias. MLL rearrangements (MLLr) are the most common cytogenetic abnormalities in infant and childhood acute myeloid leukaemia (AM...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21124266
更新日期：2020-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Poplars have evolved various strategies to optimize acclimation responses to environmental conditions. However, how poplars balance growth and nitrogen deficiency remains to be elucidated. In the present study, changes in root development, carbon and nitrogen physiology, and the transcript abundance of associated gene...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms19082302
更新日期：2018-08-06 00:00:00
abstract：:Early prediction of xenobiotic metabolism is essential for drug discovery and development. As the most important human drug-metabolizing enzyme, cytochrome P450 3A4 has a large active cavity and metabolizes a broad spectrum of substrates. The poor substrate specificity of CYP3A4 makes it a huge challenge to predict th...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms160714677
更新日期：2015-06-30 00:00:00
abstract：:The plant disease Phytophthora blight, caused by the oomycete pathogen Phytophthora capsici, is responsible for major economic losses in pepper production. Microtubules have been an attractive target for many antifungal agents as they are involved in key cellular events such as cell proliferation, signaling, and migra...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20112641
更新日期：2019-05-29 00:00:00
abstract：:Sericin is a major constituent of silk produced by silkworms. We previously found that the instillation of sericin enhanced the proliferation of corneal epithelial cells, and acted to promote corneal wound healing in both normal and diabetic model rats. However, the mechanisms by which sericin promotes the proliferati...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms19041123
更新日期：2018-04-09 00:00:00
abstract：:The extracellular matrix (ECM) provides structural support for tissue architecture and is a major effector of cell behavior during skin repair and inflammation. Macrophages are involved in all stages of skin repair but only limited knowledge exists about macrophage-specific expression and regulation of ECM components....
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20205086
更新日期：2019-10-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common childhood cancer and accounts for about a quarter of adult acute leukemias, and features different outcomes depending on the age of onset. Improvements in ALL genomic analysis achieved thanks to the implementation of next-generation sequencing (NGS) have led to the...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms20122929
更新日期：2019-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Induced resistance by elicitors is considered to be an eco-friendly strategy to stimulate plant defense against pathogen attack. In this study, we elucidated the effect of salicylic acid (SA) on induced resistance in rubber tree against Phytophthora palmivora and evaluated the possible defense mechanisms that were inv...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms19071883
更新日期：2018-06-26 00:00:00
abstract：:Botrytis cinerea is a pathogenic fungus that causes gray mold disease in a broad range of crops. The high intraspecific variability of B. cinerea makes control of this fungus very difficult. Here, we isolated a variant B05.10M strain from wild-type B05.10. The B05.10M strain showed serious defects in mycelial growth, ...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms21082912
更新日期：2020-04-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Dysregulation of platelet function can contribute to the disease progression in sepsis. The proteasome represents a critical and vital element of cellular protein metabolism in platelets and its proteolytic activity has been associated with platelet function. However, the role of the platelet proteasome as well as its...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms20235961
更新日期：2019-11-27 00:00:00
abstract：:Oxylipins generated by the lipoxygenase (LOX) pathway play an important role in plant defense against biotic and abiotic stress. In chitosan-treated Adelostemma gracillimum seedlings, obvious accumulation of 9-LOX-derived oxylipins, namely 9,10,11-trihydroxy-12-octadecenoic acid, was detected. Using degenerate primers...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms13010540
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Influenza is a respiratory disease induced by infection by the influenza virus, which is a member of Orthomyxoviridae family. This infectious disease has serious impacts on public health systems and results in considerable mortality and economic costs throughout the world. Based on several experimental studies, massiv...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms19072065
更新日期：2018-07-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Chitosan is an amino polysaccharide found in nature, which is biodegradable, nontoxic and biocompatible. It has versatile features and can be used in a variety of applications including films, packaging, and also in medical surgery. Recently a possibility to diversify chitosan properties has emerged by combining it wi...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.3390/ijms12031908
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The development of neural circuits is a complex process that relies on the proper navigation of axons through their environment to their appropriate targets. While axon-environment and axon-target interactions have long been known as essential for circuit formation, communication between axons themselves has only more...
journal_title：International journal of molecular sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.3390/ijms21145170
更新日期：2020-07-21 00:00:00
