Abstract:
:Considerable evidence has demonstrated that women are more vulnerable than men to the toxic effects of alcohol, although the results as to whether gender differences exist in ethanol-induced brain damage are contradictory. We have reported that ethanol, by activating the neuroimmune system and Toll-like receptors 4 (TLR4), can cause neuroinflammation and brain injury. However, whether there are gender differences in alcohol-induced neuroinflammation and brain injury are currently controversial. Using the brains of TLR4(+/+) and TLR4(-/-) (TLR4-KO) mice, we report that chronic ethanol treatment induces inflammatory mediators (iNOS and COX-2), cytokines (IL-1β, TNF-α), gliosis processes, caspase-3 activation and neuronal loss in the cerebral cortex of both female and male mice. Conversely, the levels of these parameters tend to be higher in female than in male mice. Using an in vivo imaging technique, our results further evidence that ethanol treatment triggers higher GFAP levels and lower MAP-2 levels in female than in male mice, suggesting a greater effect of ethanol-induced astrogliosis and less MAP-2(+) neurons in female than in male mice. Our results further confirm the pivotal role of TLR4 in alcohol-induced neuroinflammation and brain damage since the elimination of TLR4 protects the brain of males and females against the deleterious effects of ethanol. In short, the present findings demonstrate that, during the same period of ethanol treatment, females are more vulnerable than males to the neurotoxic/neuroinflammatory effects of ethanol, thus supporting the view that women are more susceptible than men to the medical consequences of alcohol abuse.
journal_name
Toxicologyjournal_title
Toxicologyauthors
Alfonso-Loeches S,Pascual M,Guerri Cdoi
10.1016/j.tox.2013.03.001subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-09-06 00:00:00pages
27-34issue
1-2eissn
0300-483Xissn
1879-3185pii
S0300-483X(13)00063-2journal_volume
311pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
TOXICOLOGY文献大全abstract::Cetaben and clofibrate were each administered to groups of 6 rats (3 male and 3 female) by gavage at dosages of 50 mg/kg per day and 200 mg/kg per day for 2 weeks. Cetaben caused 1 death at 200 mg/kg per day and decreases in body weight gain and food consumption at 50 mg/kg per day or more. There were no effects on bo...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(83)90004-5
更新日期:1983-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clarification of the key regulatory steps that lead to nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) under cellular and pathological conditions is very important. The action of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) on the upstream of NF-kappaB activation remains controversial. To examine this issue using an in vivo lung in...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2006.04.053
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The toxicity to HeLa cells of 29 plasticizers was determined in the MIT-24 test system. The 7-day IC50 for HeLa cells varied from 260 to 1.5 g/l. Phthalates, adipates, sebacates, azelates and phosphates with long carbon chain alcohols were very non-toxic to the cells, probably due to insolubility in water of the compo...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(82)90002-6
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) are important as drug metabolizing enzymes mainly in the detoxication process. To assess individual differences in susceptibility to different chemicals, it would be useful to know the activity of specific GST isozymes in individuals. In order to study individual variability, typical ...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(94)90120-1
更新日期:1994-03-11 00:00:00
abstract::The bioavailability of coplanar 2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB118) and nonplanar 2,2',5,5'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB52) from soils representing a range in organic carbon (OC), clay content and pH were investigated using an in vivo rat model and an in vitro physiologically based extraction test (PBET) to assess th...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2005.08.012
更新日期:2006-01-05 00:00:00
abstract::Groups of 15 male and 15 female rats were give 0 (control), 50, 100, 200 or 800 ppm allyl alcohol in the drinking water for 15 weeks. There were no effects attributable to allyl alcohol in the results of the haematological examinations or analyses of serum. There was a dose-related reduction in the fluid intake at all...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(78)90029-x
更新日期:1978-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The organophosphorus nerve agent soman is an irreversible cholinesterase (ChE) inhibitor that can produce long-lasting seizures and brain damage in which the neurotransmitters acetylcholine and glutamate are involved. These same neurotransmitters play key-roles in the auditory function. It was then assumed that explor...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2007.05.024
更新日期:2007-09-05 00:00:00
abstract::Though, oxidative stress has been implicated in silica nanoparticles induced toxicity both in vitro and in vivo, but no similarities exist regarding dose-response relationship. This discrepancy may, partly, be due to associated impurities of trace metals that may present in varying amounts. Here, cytotoxicity and oxid...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2010.07.010
更新日期:2010-10-09 00:00:00
abstract::Male Wistar rats injected i.p. with 30 mg Fe2+/kg body weight show hepatic damage as measured by an increase in lipid peroxides which correlated with elevated serum enzymes, alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Oral administration of spice principles, curc...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(95)03199-p
更新日期:1996-01-22 00:00:00
abstract::The function of the neuromuscular transmission in rats dosed with phoxim (P), methomyl (M), fenvalerate (F), and mixtures of P+M and P+F was studied by using both the stimulation single fiber electromyography (SSFEMG) and repetitive nerve stimulations (RNS) to determine the single muscle fiber action potential and com...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(01)00339-0
更新日期:2001-03-21 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of zinc and copper on delta-aminolaevulinic acid dehydratase were studied in vitro and in vivo. The in vitro addition of zinc alone to whole blood resulted in a highly significant increase in enzyme activity. The addition of copper alone had the opposite effect with a significant decrease in enzyme activit...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(81)90161-x
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ligand-activated nuclear receptor AhR (aryl hydrocarbon receptor) mediates the response of hepatocytes to various exogenous compounds. AhR is classically activated by planar, aromatic hydrocarbons, but also by other, structurally rather unrelated compounds. Recent data show that the canonical Wnt/β-catenin signali...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2014.08.010
更新日期:2014-11-05 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of triethyl lead chloride (TEL) on the expression of two detoxication enzyme families, glutathione S-transferases (GSTs) and NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase (QR) were determined in rat liver and kidney. Fischer 344 rats were given one intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of TEL. GST activity, GST isoenzyme leve...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(96)03555-x
更新日期:1997-02-14 00:00:00
abstract::Human exposure assessment is frequently noted as a weak link and bottleneck in the risk assessment process. Fortunately, the World Wide Web and Internet are providing access to numerous valuable sources of human exposure assessment-related information, along with opportunities for information exchange. Internet mailin...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2004.01.025
更新日期:2004-05-20 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have shown that excess dietary Al during development can affect neurobehavioral measures and decrease tissue Mn of 21-day-old weanling mice without a corresponding increase in tissue Al concentrations. Al and Mn have similar tissue concentrations and similar affinities for transferrin, which is the ma...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(93)90154-k
更新日期:1993-07-11 00:00:00
abstract::Bisphenol A (BPA), one of the most prevalent chemicals for daily use, has been reported as a xenoestrogen to induce reproductive toxicity, but its mechanism is poorly understood. In the present study, we aimed to explore whether CaM-CaMKII-ERK1/2 signaling pathway was involved in BPA-induced Sertoli cells injury via t...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2014.06.001
更新日期:2014-10-03 00:00:00
abstract::The induction of unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) in early spermatid stages of mice was studied after treatment with hydrazine or procarbazine (Natulan). The UDS response was assayed by measuring the levels of [3H]dThd in the nuclei of sperm cells derived from treated and untreated early spermatid stages. The radioacti...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(82)90030-0
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dietary exposure to vomitoxin (VT) results in hyperelevated serum IgA and IgA nephropathy in mice. To assess the possible role of cytokines in this IgA dysregulation, the effects of a single oral exposure in B6C3F1 male mice to 0, 5 or 25 mg/kg BW VT on production of IgA and cytokines in Peyer's patch (PP) and spleen ...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(97)00087-5
更新日期:1997-09-26 00:00:00
abstract::Flame retardants such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDE) and tetrabromobisphenol A are used as flame retardants and detected in the environmental, wildlife species and human tissues. Exposure to PBDEs during the neonatal development of the brain has been shown to affect behavior and learning and memory in adult ...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2011.07.010
更新日期:2011-10-28 00:00:00
abstract::N-Heterocyclic aromatics are by-products of incomplete combustion of organic material. The overall objective of this study was to determine the relative carcinogenic potencies of 7H-dibenzo[c,g]carbazole (DBC) and dibenz[a,j]acridine (DBA) in a bioassay of complete carcinogenicity on mouse skin in a sensitive strain (...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(94)90074-4
更新日期:1994-11-11 00:00:00
abstract::The subacute inhalation toxicity of butenolide was examined in hamsters by repeated exposure of 4 groups of 10 males and 10 females to butenolide vapour at concentrations of 0, 5.4, 25 and 130 ppm respectively (6 h/day, 5 days/week) for a period of 13 weeks. The effects found at 130 ppm included eye irritation, saliva...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(79)90020-9
更新日期:1979-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study was designed to examine more fully the neurochemical and behavioral interactions that derive from continued lead and cadmium poisoning in pups, whose mothers were exposed via drinking water (300 mg/l of Pb and 10 mg/l of Cd) throughout pregnancy and lactation. At weaning, these metals produced an inc...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(02)00137-3
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Teratogenicity of daily intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of 1.5 or 2.0 mg/kg of patulin on days 6 through 17 of pregnancy and mutagenic effects of acute i.p. exposure of 3.0 mg/kg of patulin on male germ cells were evaluated. Resorption of all implanted embryos occurred at 2.0 mg/kg/day of patulin, while a significan...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(78)91339-2
更新日期:1978-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Simple and efficient ex vivo/in vitro screening systems for contact allergens are developed for alternative to conventional animal tests. We have previously proposed an ex vivo/in vitro proliferation assay as a first stage screening method with advantages over existing alternatives, using lymph node cells (LNC) from s...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(96)89846-5
更新日期:1996-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::The importance of dietary factors for prostate carcinogenesis has been proven by epidemiological studies of immigrants from Asia into the USA. Intake of foodstuffs rich in fat, including meat, is suggested to be a risk factor. Experimentally, while some studies demonstrated high fat intake to promote rat prostate carc...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(02)00260-3
更新日期:2002-12-27 00:00:00
abstract::Lead is known to impede the male reproductive function, however, the mechanisms through which the adverse effects are mediated are not clearly elucidated. In order to get insight into those mechanisms, we have examined the effects of lead on the biosynthesis of steroid hormones by Leydig cells in the rat. To determine...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0300-483x(95)03107-q
更新日期:1995-11-20 00:00:00
abstract::Isoniazid is a widely used drug for the treatment of tuberculosis, but hepatotoxicity is a major concern during treatment. Thiopronin contains an SH-group and is generally considered an antioxidant. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of thiopronin during liver injury and DNA damage induced by ...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2009.08.006
更新日期:2009-10-29 00:00:00
abstract::Bisphenol A (BPA) is a commonly used endocrine-disrupting chemical used as a component of polycarbonates plastics that has potential adverse effects on human health. Exposure to BPA during development has been implicated in memory deficits, but the mechanism of action underlying the effect is not fully understood. In ...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2016.01.010
更新日期:2016-02-03 00:00:00
abstract::Groundwater arsenic contamination has become a serious global concern due to its adverse effects on human health. Arsenic-induced reactive oxygen species trigger oxidative stress inside mitochondria, which initiate a cascade of events including altered mitochondrial (mt) membrane potential, uncoupling of electron tran...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.tox.2018.06.012
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper looks at toxicology digital sources produced and available in the United Kingdom (UK). It includes products aggregating a number of sources, which may include information from other countries, and for the convenience of the reader and information seeker these have also been described. ...
journal_title:Toxicology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0300-483x(03)00198-7
更新日期:2003-08-21 00:00:00