Abstract：
:HIV research has identified approaches that can be combined to be more effective in transmission reduction than any 1 modality alone: delayed adolescent sexual debut, mutual monogamy or sexual partner reduction, correct and consistent condom use, pre-exposure prophylaxis with oral antiretroviral drugs or vaginal microbicides, voluntary medical male circumcision, antiretroviral therapy (ART) for prevention (including prevention of mother to child HIV transmission [PMTCT]), treatment of sexually transmitted infections, use of clean needles for all injections, blood screening prior to donation, a future HIV prime/boost vaccine, and the female condom. The extent to which evidence-based modalities can be combined to prevent substantial HIV transmission is largely unknown, but combination approaches that are truly implementable in field conditions are likely to be far more effective than single interventions alone. Analogous to PMTCT, "treatment as prevention" for adult-to-adult transmission reduction includes expanded HIV testing, linkage to care, antiretroviral coverage, retention in care, adherence to therapy, and management of key co-morbidities such as depression and substance use. With successful viral suppression, persons with HIV are far less infectious to others, as we see in the fields of sexually transmitted infection control and mycobacterial disease control (tuberculosis and leprosy). Combination approaches are complex, may involve high program costs, and require substantial global commitments. We present a rationale for such investments and cite an ongoing research agenda that seeks to determine how feasible and cost-effective a combination prevention approach would be in a variety of epidemic contexts, notably that in a sub-Saharan Africa.
journal_name
Curr HIV/AIDS Repjournal_title
Current HIV/AIDS reportsauthors
Vermund SH,Hayes RJdoi
10.1007/s11904-013-0155-ysubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-06-01 00:00:00pages
169-86issue
2eissn
1548-3568issn
1548-3576journal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:T-cell activation has long been considered a central mediator of HIV pathogenesis. High T-cell activation levels predict more rapid disease progression in untreated patients and decreased treatment-mediated CD4+ T-cell gains during antiretroviral therapy, independent of plasma HIV RNA levels, and may be the primary fe...
journal_title：Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11904-007-0007-8
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The first association between HIV-1 infection and kidney disease was made in 1984 and much has been learned over the past 20 years. In recent years, more effective therapies for HIV-1 infection and its associated opportunistic infections have led to improved patient survival. However, with prolonged survival, morbidit...
journal_title：Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11904-004-0016-9
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent policies, guidelines, and laws reflect promising preliminary outcomes among transplant recipients with HIV infection, and ethical analyses suggest that it is not justifiable to deny solid organ transplantation based solely on HIV-infection status. These studies consistently describe stable HIV disease following...
journal_title：Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF02696657
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article reviews the magnitude and spectrum of ocular complications of HIV infection in sub-Sahara Africa. A literature search was done using PubMed, Google, and UpToDate and by talking to ophthalmologists and HIV experts working in the region. Ocular complications of HIV infection, mostly retinal, are seen in 29%...
journal_title：Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11904-008-0019-z
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW:Early diagnosis and treatment of HIV following seroconversion improves individual and population health. Using published data on pre-treatment CD4 cell counts, we benchmarked the level of immunodeficiency at HIV diagnosis and ART initiation in the "real world" against those of the treatment and co...
journal_title：Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11904-019-00452-7
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this meta-analytic study is to summarize the current science concerning the (a) prevalence of alcohol use, (b) prevalence of sexual risk behaviors, and (c) association between alcohol use and sexual risk behaviors among people livingwithHIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Studies were included if they sampled PLWHA, eval...
journal_title：Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1007/s11904-013-0177-5
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review summarizes recent literature defining tissue-resident memory T cells (TRM) and discusses implications for HIV pathogenesis, vaccines, and eradication efforts. RECENT FINDINGS:Investigations using animal models and human tissues have identified a TRM transcriptional profile and elucidated ...
journal_title：Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11904-020-00481-7
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:For the last three decades, sub-Saharan Africa has been the epicentre of the HIV epidemic. Some key drivers of the epidemic are specific to this region and there is an urgent need to develop context-specific strategies to reduce HIV-related burden. Implementation frameworks should endeavour to combine structural, beha...
journal_title：Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11904-015-0262-z
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The global HIV pandemic began to expand rapidly in southern Africa a decade later than was noted in central Africa, Europe, the Caribbean, and North America. Multiple factors played a role in this rapid expansion which led Southern Africa to become the most heavily afflicted region for HIV/AIDS globally. In this issue...
journal_title：Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type：
doi：10.1007/s11904-015-0270-z
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Increased access to testing and treatment means HIV can be managed as a chronic illness, though successful management requires continued engagement with the health care system. Most of the global HIV burden is in sub-Saharan Africa where rates of new infections are consistently higher in women versus men. Pregnancy is...
journal_title：Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11904-014-0252-6
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) is the process by which a patient's dosing regimen is guided by repeated measures of plasma drug concentrations. An enormous challenge with regard to TDM of antiretroviral drugs (ARV) is that the concentration goals can be moving targets. Well-designed prospective studies demonstratin...
journal_title：Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11904-005-0020-8
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Due to life-enhancing effects of antiretroviral therapy, HIV-positive persons have the potential for long life comparable to their uninfected peers. Older women (age 50+) living with HIV (OWLH) are often an under-recognized aging group. We conducted a systematic review to examine psychosocial factors that impact how O...
journal_title：Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11904-017-0347-y
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To describe a small city/rural area HIV prevention project (the Cross Border Project) implemented in Ning Ming County, Guangxi Province, China, and Lang Son province, Vietnam, and consider its implications for addressing the opioid/heroin epidemic in small cities/rural areas in the USA. The descriptio...
journal_title：Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11904-018-0405-0
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurocognitive impairment is common in people living with HIV and AIDS. Prior to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), cognitive impairment primarily affected patients with advanced disease, and was a more rapidly progressive illness. With the use of HAART, cognitive impairment improved, along with the overall...
journal_title：Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11904-009-0020-1
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Persons who inject drugs (PWID) are at high risk for infection with and poor outcomes from HIV and hepatitis C virus (HCV). Well-established interventions for HIV/HCV prevention among PWID include syringe access, opioid agonist maintenance treatment, and supervised injection facilities, yet these interventions remain ...
journal_title：Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11904-014-0248-2
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Combined antiretroviral therapy (CART) has turned HIV-infection to a treatable chronic disease during which many patients survive to middle and older age. However, they prematurely develop non-AIDS comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (...
journal_title：Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11904-016-0339-3
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nine months of daily isoniazid is efficacious in treating latent M. tuberculosis infection, but completion rates are low, limiting treatment effectiveness. In 2011, three important studies were published involving novel regimens for the treatment of latent M. tuberculosis infection. At least 36 months of isoniazid was...
journal_title：Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11904-012-0120-1
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Aligning HIV treatment services with patient preferences can promote long-term engagement. A rising number of studies solicit such preferences using discrete choice experiments, but have not been systematically reviewed to seek generalizable insights. Using a systematic search, we identified eleven ch...
journal_title：Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11904-020-00520-3
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Due to the co-occurrence of sexual risk behaviors and substance use among HIV-positive individuals, there is often a need for HIV prevention efforts to target multiple behaviors. Motivational Interviewing (MI), a widely disseminated behavior change intervention, has demonstrated effectiveness in promoting behavior cha...
journal_title：Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11904-012-0132-x
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Self-reports are the most widely used method for measuring antiretroviral adherence. The association between self-reports and viral loads has been repeatedly demonstrated, but this association does not address how well self-reports measure actual medication-taking behaviors. Understanding adherence self-reports requir...
journal_title：Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s11904-009-0024-x
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review provides an overview of HCV resistance-associated substitutions (RASs) with a focus on NS3 protease and NS5A inhibitor resistance. Treatment approaches for managing resistance are also covered including the use of newly approved therapies with improved resistance profiles. RECENT FINDINGS...
journal_title：Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11904-017-0369-5
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This review aims to describe the epidemiology of HIV among female sex workers (FSWs) in China over the past decade, to summarize current gaps in knowledge regarding risk factors, and to identify new directions for HIV prevention strategies. RECENT FINDINGS:We summarized national and regional levels o...
journal_title：Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11904-019-00477-y
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Glycoimmunology is an emerging field focused on understanding how immune responses are mediated by glycans (carbohydrates) and their interaction with glycan-binding proteins called lectins. How glycans influence immunological functions is increasingly well understood. In a parallel way, in the HIV fie...
journal_title：Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11904-019-00433-w
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article reviews the antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation criteria from published national guidelines for 94 countries (representing 86 % of global HIV burden) and compares them with the 2013 World Health Organization (WHO) ART guidelines. As of 31st of July 2014, 19 countries have adopted the WHO-recommended C...
journal_title：Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11904-014-0230-z
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection occurs throughout the body and can have dramatic physical effects, such as neurocognitive impairment in the central nervous system (CNS). Furthermore, examining the virus that resides in the CNS is challenging due to its location and can only be done using samples ...
journal_title：Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11904-015-0265-9
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:This narrative review summarizes recent data on factors associated with insulin resistance (IR) in adults with HIV, including contemporary antiretroviral therapy (ART). RECENT FINDINGS:IR remains common in persons with HIV, even those receiving contemporary ART. Generalized and abdominal obesity and ...
journal_title：Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11904-018-0399-7
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pharmacy refill adherence has become an increasingly important measure of adherence to antiretroviral medications. It offers a simple, inexpensive, and valid method for measuring adherence. Over the past year, there have been several published developments in the use of pharmacy refill data to measure adherence. Given...
journal_title：Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11904-007-0027-4
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Roughly 10 % of HIV-positive individuals worldwide have concomitant chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, with large differences between geographical regions and/or risk groups. Hepatitis B is a preventable infection with vaccines. However, it cannot be eradicated once acquired, resembling HIV and in contrast wit...
journal_title：Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11904-015-0275-7
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Injecting drug use is a common mode of transmission among persons with HIV/AIDS. Many HIV-infected patients meet diagnostic criteria for opioid dependence, a chronic and relapsing brain disorder. Most HIV providers, however, receive little training in substance use disorders. Opioid agonist therapy (OAT) has a stabili...
journal_title：Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11904-006-0016-z
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:In this report, we review the need for point-of-care (POC) or near real-time testing for antiretrovirals, progress in the field, evidence for guiding implementation of these tests globally, and future directions in objective antiretroviral therapy (ART) or pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) adherence mon...
journal_title：Current HIV/AIDS reports
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s11904-020-00512-3
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
