Abstract:
:After the health catastrophe resulting from the widespread use of asbestos which was once hailed as a new miracle material, the increasing use of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) has spawned major concern due to their similarities in terms of size, shape and poor solubility. Assessment of genotoxicity has shown that CNTs can damage DNA in vitro and in vivo. The genotoxic potential of different CNT samples varies considerably, however, with negative findings reported in a number of studies, probably due to the enormous heterogeneity of CNTs. The observed spectrum of genotoxic effects shows similarities with those reported for asbestos fibres. Mutagenicity has been found in vivo but in bacterial assays both asbestos and CNTs have mostly tested negative. An overview of key experimental observations on CNT-induced genotoxicity is presented in the first half of this review. In the second part, the potential mechanisms of CNT-elicited genotoxicity are discussed. Whereas CNTs possess intrinsic ROS-scavenging properties they are capable of generating intracellular ROS upon interaction with cellular components, and can cause antioxidant depletion. These effects have been attributed to their Fenton-reactive metals content. In addition, CNTs can impair the functionality of the mitotic apparatus. A noteworthy feature is that frustrated phagocytosis, which is involved in asbestos-induced pathology, has been observed for specific CNTs as well. The involvement of other mechanisms generally implicated in particle toxicity, such as phagocyte activation and impairment of DNA repair, is largely unknown at present and needs further investigation.
journal_name
Swiss Med Wklyjournal_title
Swiss medical weeklyauthors
van Berlo D,Clift MJ,Albrecht C,Schins RPdoi
10.4414/smw.2012.13698subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-11-05 00:00:00pages
w13698eissn
1424-7860issn
1424-3997pii
smw-13698journal_volume
142pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:BACKGROUND:Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (EDS) is a heterogeneous group of rare inherited diseases involving connective tissue. Vascular EDS (vEDS) is associated with abnormal type III collagen, which is an essential component of skin, hollow organs and arterial walls, and causes potentially fatal visceral and arterial compli...
journal_title:Swiss medical weekly
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4414/smw.2020.20379
更新日期:2020-12-05 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:We aimed to identify familial hypercholesterolaemia mutation carriers among participants to the Lausanne Institutional Biobank (BIL). Our experimental workflow was designed as a proof-of-concept demonstration of the resources and services provided by our integrated institutional clinical research support platform....
journal_title:Swiss medical weekly
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4414/smw.2016.14326
更新日期:2016-08-06 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:An increasing number of patients with asthma are attracted by complementary and alternative medicine (CAM). Therefore, it is of importance that scientific evidence about the efficacy of this type of therapy is regarded. METHOD:We searched the electronic databases Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Library for ...
journal_title:Swiss medical weekly
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:2002/25/smw-09972
更新日期:2002-06-29 00:00:00
abstract::Advance directives emerged in the 1960s with the goal of empowering people to exert control over their future medical decisions. However, it has become apparent, over recent years, that advance directives do not sufficiently capture the temporal and relational aspects of planning treatment and care. Advance care plann...
journal_title:Swiss medical weekly
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.4414/smw.2018.14706
更新日期:2018-12-30 00:00:00
abstract::Since 1946 the development of fractionation and purification methods of human plasma led to biologic immunoglobulin for intravenous use (IVIG). In 1980 a child with refractory immune thrombocytopenia (ITP), bleeding and secondary hypogammaglobulinaemia due to long term immunosuppressive treatment got IVIG. His platele...
journal_title:Swiss medical weekly
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.4414/smw.2012.13593
更新日期:2012-05-31 00:00:00
abstract:QUESTIONS UNDER STUDY:Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) is an HDL-bound enzyme system which plays a key role in the protection of LDL and HDL from oxidation by hydrolysing activated phospholipids and lipid peroxide products. Oxidative stress has been involved in the pathogenesis of many complications of human pregnancy, including e...
journal_title:Swiss medical weekly
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:smw-12495
更新日期:2009-02-07 00:00:00
abstract:QUESTIONS UNDER STUDY:Lung cancer belongs to the most common cancers in Switzerland. We examined trends in lung cancer incidence, with focus on sex, histology and laterality, in the Canton of Zurich since 1980. MATERIAL AND METHODS:Registry data consisting of 16 798 lung cancer cases from 1980 to 2010 were analysed. C...
journal_title:Swiss medical weekly
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4414/smw.2016.14327
更新日期:2016-07-11 00:00:00
abstract::In Switzerland, approximately 350,000 people aged 70 years or older own a valid driving license. By law, these drivers are medically assessed every other year, most commonly by their general practitioner, to exclude that a medical condition is interfering with their driving skills. A prerequisite for driving is the in...
journal_title:Swiss medical weekly
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.4414/smw.2011.13136
更新日期:2011-01-17 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The transition from undergraduate to postgraduate training is a crucial career step for physicians. Several international studies have shown that graduates feel insufficiently prepared to perform various aspects of clinical practice. The publication of a national framework for undergraduate medical education...
journal_title:Swiss medical weekly
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4414/smw.2020.20370
更新日期:2020-11-24 00:00:00
abstract:QUESTIONS UNDER STUDY:In view of the alarming trend in childhood obesity (O) and overweight (OW) observed in certain countries, the aim of the study is to measure the prevalence of O and OW in successive cohorts of elementary school children in Geneva. METHODS:All 5-6-year-old children attending public schools in the ...
journal_title:Swiss medical weekly
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4414/smw.2010.13040
更新日期:2010-07-22 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To compare the long-term effects of comprehensive outpatient versus inpatient rehabilitation with respect to morbidity and mortality, as well as to changes in physical performance and physical activity. DESIGN:A total of 163 consecutive patients were enrolled for comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation (CCR) f...
journal_title:Swiss medical weekly
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4414/smw.2010.13141
更新日期:2011-01-06 00:00:00
abstract::With reference to the Year of the Lung, current knowledge of the respiratory effects of current ambient air pollution is reviewed. Acute respiratory effects are well established. Studies such as SAPALDIA and others now shed light on the long-term effects on chronic pathologies and on the health benefit of air quality ...
journal_title:Swiss medical weekly
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.4414/smw.2010.13129
更新日期:2010-11-18 00:00:00
abstract::Our senses are the main information channels through which we perceive and interact with the world. Consequently, the physical and social functioning of patients suffering from severe sensory disabilities is limited on several levels. This has motivated the development of a novel therapeutic alternative: “artifi...
journal_title:Swiss medical weekly
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.4414/smw.2019.20061
更新日期:2019-06-02 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Selection of medical students varies between German- and French-speaking Swiss faculties. Geneva introduced an aptitude test in 2010, aimed at helping decision making among students. The test was compulsory: it had to be taken by those who intended to register for medical studies. But it was not selective:...
journal_title:Swiss medical weekly
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4414/smw.2013.13872
更新日期:2013-09-19 00:00:00
abstract::Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a relatively rare lymphoma entity accounting for an estimated 3%-6% of all non-Hodgkin's lymphoma cases. Characterised by both the incurability of indolent lymphomas and the rapid growth of aggressive lymphomas, MCL has a median overall survival of only 4-5 years. Although the disease oft...
journal_title:Swiss medical weekly
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.4414/smw.2013.13868
更新日期:2013-11-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) has been proven to be a biochemical marker of severity of congestive heart failure. We are aware of only few papers reporting the association of BNP elevation and pulmonary hypertension (primary, thromboembolic, or as a consequence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease). L...
journal_title:Swiss medical weekly
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:2003/37/smw-10367
更新日期:2003-09-26 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a leading cause of chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide. While current therapeutic options for hepatitis C are limited, recent progress in the understanding of the biology of HCV led to the identification of novel targets for antiviral interven...
journal_title:Swiss medical weekly
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:2001/21/smw-06097
更新日期:2001-06-02 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Trastuzumab has a large financial impact on the average cost of breast cancer treatment. This study reassessed the cost-effectiveness of listing the drug on the subsidised Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme. METHODS:Using a continuous-time, discrete-event microsimulation model, we examined the effect...
journal_title:Swiss medical weekly
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.4414/smw.2019.20082
更新日期:2019-05-19 00:00:00
abstract::Invasive fungal infections have emerged as important causes of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. In response to this challenge, the field of antifungal chemotherapy has considerably expanded. Fluconazole and itraconazole, introduced in the late 1980s, were the first durably useful alternatives to ...
journal_title:Swiss medical weekly
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:2002/23/smw-09729
更新日期:2002-06-15 00:00:00
abstract:QUESTIONS UNDER STUDY:Some evidence suggests that a loud voice is a core characteristic of medical professionals. It is unknown whether medical students talk louder than their non-medical peers and, if so, whether they commence their studies with a loud voice, representing a characteristic of admission, or whether soun...
journal_title:Swiss medical weekly
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4414/smw.2012.13534
更新日期:2012-03-09 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS OF THE STUDY:The purpose of this study was to establish a new computed tomography (CT) sign for pulmonary congestion (Kerley B lines in the lung apex in patients with cardiac or renal insufficiency) and to find the best signs to differentiate between pulmonary congestion and interstitial lung disease (ILD). METHO...
journal_title:Swiss medical weekly
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4414/smw.2019.20119
更新日期:2019-09-02 00:00:00
abstract:QUESTIONS UNDER STUDY:In the next Swiss National HIV and Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) Strategy 2011-2017, STI control will be integrated with HIV prevention. Information is needed which will improve the targeting of professional education. The objective of this study was to describe the clinical specialities an...
journal_title:Swiss medical weekly
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4414/smw.2011.13143
更新日期:2011-01-20 00:00:00
abstract::In Switzerland, voluntary termination of pregnancy (VTP) can be performed in all public and private hospitals with an obstetrics/gynaecology department. For various reasons, many Italian women use the Swiss healthcare system, in particular in Canton Ticino, a border region adjacent to Italy in the southern part of Swi...
journal_title:Swiss medical weekly
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4414/smw.2018.14636
更新日期:2018-07-09 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS OF THE STUDY:To describe patterns of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) care and the clinical effectiveness of belimumab plus standard of care therapy in a real-world clinical setting in Switzerland. METHODS:This multicentre, observational, retrospective cohort study included adults with SLE who initiated belimum...
journal_title:Swiss medical weekly
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.4414/smw.2019.20022
更新日期:2019-03-10 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Endoscopic retrograde biliary drainage (ERBD) using a plastic stent is suggested to be as effective as endoscopic nasobiliary drainage (ENBD) with a nasobiliary catheter for temporary biliary drainage in acute obstructive cholangitis. However, there are few studies that have compared the two methods. We ther...
journal_title:Swiss medical weekly
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.4414/smw.2013.13823
更新日期:2013-07-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:Sleep disturbances are prevalent but often overlooked or underestimated. We suspected that sleep disorders might be particularly common among pharmacy customers, and that they could benefit from counselling. Therefore, we described the prevalence and severity of symptoms associated with sleep a...
journal_title:Swiss medical weekly
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:2006/09/smw-11265
更新日期:2006-03-04 00:00:00
abstract::We report on two toddlers suffering from Mycobacterium bohemicum lymphadenitis. Acid-fast bacilli were cultured from submandibular lymph nodes and identified by molecular methods as Mycobacterium bohemicum. Surgical treatment was successful and complemented by oral treatment with clarithromycin and rifampicin. ...
journal_title:Swiss medical weekly
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:2004/15/smw-10558
更新日期:2004-04-17 00:00:00
abstract:QUESTION UNDER STUDY:To evaluate the situation of Female Genital Mutilation (FGM) in Switzerland. METHODS:Through a questionnaire, Swiss gynaecologists were asked if they have been confronted to FGMs, if they have been asked to perform infibulations and FGMs. The health representatives (Kantonsärzte/médecins cantonaux...
journal_title:Swiss medical weekly
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:2002/19/smw-09912
更新日期:2002-05-18 00:00:00
abstract::Since 2010, awareness of the global threat caused by antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has risen considerably and multiple policy and research initiatives have been implemented. Research and development (R&D) of much-needed new antibiotics active against multiresistant pathogens is a key component of all programmes aimin...
journal_title:Swiss medical weekly
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4414/smw.2015.14167
更新日期:2015-07-31 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In 2005, findings of the first "cost of disorders of the brain in Europe" study of the European Brain Council (EBC) showed that these costs cause a substantial economic burden to the Swiss society. In 2010 an improved update with a broader range of disorders has been analysed. This report shows the new findi...
journal_title:Swiss medical weekly
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4414/smw.2013.13751
更新日期:2013-01-07 00:00:00